FIXED END

MOMENTS
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the reactions at the bearing support A

and fixed support B .
 Determine the reactions at the bearing
support A and fixed support B.

SOLUTION:
∑ 𝑀 𝐴 =0
𝑀 𝐵 + 2 ( 3 ) +3 ( 6 ) − 𝐵 𝑦 (9)=0

kip
kip
Fixed End Moment

𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐴𝐵=
• +
𝑃
𝐿2 ( )( 2
𝑏 𝑎+
𝑎2 𝑏
2 )

kip-ft
SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the reactions at the roller support B

of the beam shown in Figure.
 • Determine the reactions at the roller
support B of the beam shown in
Figure.

SOLUTION:
Fixed End Moment ∑ 𝑀 𝐴 =0
( )( )
2
𝑃 2 𝑎 𝑏
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐴𝐵= 2
𝑏 𝑎+ − 𝑀 𝐴 + 8 ( 5 ) +2 ( 10 ) ( 5)− 𝐵 𝑦 (10)=0
𝐿 2
𝑀 𝐴 =
( 8
10
2 ) ¿ kip
kip
kip-ft
SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the reactions at the fixed support A

and B of the beam shown in Figure.
 • Determine the reactions at the
fixed support A and B of the
beam shown in Figure.

SOLUTION:
𝑦 8
=
𝑥 − 7.5 2.5

𝑦=3.2(𝑥 −7.5)
x Fixed End Moment 2 2
𝑃𝑏 𝑎 𝑃𝑎 𝑏
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐴𝐵= 𝐹𝐸𝑀
2 𝐵𝐴 = 2
𝐿 𝐿
10 1 2.5 10
22(10.52 )(4.5) 7 (15 − 𝑥)2 (𝑥 ) 15 (15 − 𝑥)2 (𝑥) 3.2(𝑥 −7.5)(15 − 𝑥) 2(𝑥 ) kN-m
𝑀 𝐴= 2
+∫ 2
+∫ 2
+∫ 2
15 7 .5 15 10 15 7 .5 15
2 10 2 1 2.5 2 10 2
22(4.5 )(10.5) 7(𝑥 ) (15 − 𝑥) 15(𝑥) (15 − 𝑥 ) 3.2(𝑥 −7.5)(𝑥 ) (15 − 𝑥) kN-m
𝑀 𝐵= 2
+∫ 2
+∫ 2
+∫ 2
15 7 .5 15 10 15 7 .5 15
 • Determine the reactions at the
fixed support A and B of the
beam shown in Figure.

SOLUTION:
kN-m

kN-m
x

∑ 𝑀 𝐴 =0
( 7.5 + 2.5 ( 8 )(2.5 ) ( 7.5 + )+ 15 ( 2.5 ) (10 + 2.5
2 ) 2 )
1 2 (2.5 )
−𝑀 𝐴 + 𝑀 𝐵 +22 ( 4.5 ) + 7 ( 2.5 ) + −𝐵 𝑦 (15 )= 0
2 3

𝐵 𝑦 =54.5182𝑘𝑁
𝐴 𝑦 = 49.0290 𝑘𝑁
MOMENT
DISTRIBUTION
METHOD
BEAMS
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD

• Sign Convention:
• Clockwise moments that act on the member are considered positive, whereas counterclockwise moments are negative

• Fixed-End Moments:
• The moments at the “walls” or fixed joints of a loaded member

• Member Stiffness Factor

• the amount of moment M required to rotate the end A of the beam = 1 rad
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD

• Joint Stiffness Factor

• the sum of the member stiffness factors at the joint

• Distribution Factor
• fraction of the total resisting moment supplied by the member

• Member Relative-Stiffness Factor

• the amount of moment M required to rotate the end A of the beam = 1 rad
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the internal moment at each support of

the beam shown.
 • Determine the internal
moment at each support of
the beam shown.

SOLUTION:
4 𝐸 ( 300)
Joint A B C 15
𝐷𝐹 𝐵𝐴 = 𝐷𝐹 𝐵𝐴 =0.4
4 𝐸 ( 300) 4 𝐸 ( 600)
Member AB BA BC CB +
15 20
4 𝐸 (600)
DF 0 0.4 0.6 0 20
𝐷𝐹 𝐵𝐶 =
FEM 4 𝐸 (300) 4 𝐸 (600) 𝐷𝐹 𝐵𝐶 =0.6
+
15 20
4 𝐸 (300 )
15
𝐷𝐹 𝐴𝐵=
4 𝐸 (300 ) 𝐷𝐹 𝐴𝐵= 0
+∞
15
4 𝐸 (600 )
20
𝐷𝐹 𝐶𝐵 =
4 𝐸 ( 600 ) 𝐷𝐹 𝐶𝐵 =0
+∞
20
 • Determine the internal
moment at each support of
the beam shown.

SOLUTION:
Joint A B C Fixed End Moment 2 2
𝑃𝑏 𝑎 𝑃𝑎 𝑏
Member AB BA BC CB 𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐴𝐵= 𝐹𝐸𝑀
2 𝐵𝐴 = 2
𝐿 𝐿
DF 0 0.4 0.6 0 20 2
(240 𝑑𝑥) ( 20 − 𝑥 ) (𝑥)
FEM -8000 8000 𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐵𝐶 =−∫ 2 𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐵𝐶 =− 8000𝑙𝑏− 𝑓𝑡
0 20
Dist. 3200 4800 20 2
(240 𝑑𝑥) ( 𝑥 ) (20 − 𝑥)
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐶𝐵 =8000 𝑙𝑏− 𝑓𝑡
C.O. 1600 2400
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐶𝐵 =∫ 2
0 20
Dist.
∑M 1600 3200 -3200 10400
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the internal moment at each support of

the beam shown.
 • Determine the internal
moment at each support of
the beam shown.

SOLUTION:
4 𝐸 ( 300)
Joint A B C 15
𝐷𝐹 𝐵𝐴 = 𝐷𝐹 𝐵𝐴 =0.4
4 𝐸 ( 300) 4 𝐸 ( 600)
Member AB BA BC CB +
15 20
4 𝐸 (600)
DF 0 0.4 0.6 1 20
𝐷𝐹 𝐵𝐶 =
FEM 4 𝐸 (300) 4 𝐸 (600) 𝐷𝐹 𝐵𝐶 =0.6
+
15 20
4 𝐸 (300 )
15
𝐷𝐹 𝐴𝐵=
4 𝐸 (300 ) 𝐷𝐹 𝐴𝐵= 0
+∞
15
4 𝐸 ( 600 )
20
𝐷𝐹 𝐶𝐵 = 𝐷𝐹
4 𝐸 ( 600 ) 𝐶𝐵 =1
20
 • Determine the internal
moment at each support of
the beam shown.

SOLUTION:
Joint A B C Fixed End Moment 2 2
𝑃𝑏 𝑎 𝑃𝑎 𝑏
Member AB BA BC CB 𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐴𝐵= 𝐹𝐸𝑀
2 𝐵𝐴 = 2
𝐿 𝐿
DF 0 0.4 0.6 1 20 2
(240 𝑑𝑥) ( 20 − 𝑥 ) (𝑥)
FEM -8000 8000 𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐵𝐶 =−∫ 2 𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐵𝐶 =− 8000𝑙𝑏− 𝑓𝑡
0 20
Dist. 3200 4800 -8000 20 2
(240 𝑑𝑥) ( 𝑥 ) (20 − 𝑥)
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐶𝐵 =8000 𝑙𝑏− 𝑓𝑡
C.O. 1600 -4000 2400
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐶𝐵 =∫ 2
0 20
Dist. 1600 2400 -2400
C.O 800 -1200 1200
Dist. 480 720 -1200
C.O 240 -600 360
 • Determine the internal
moment at each support of
the beam shown.

SOLUTION:
Joint A B C Joint A B C
Member AB BA BC CB Member AB BA BC CB
DF 0 0.4 0.6 1 DF 0 0.4 0.6 1
FEM -8000 8000 Dist. 240 360 -360
Dist. 3200 4800 -8000 C.O. 120 -180 180
C.O. 1600 -4000 2400 Dist. 72 108 -180
Dist. 1600 2400 -2400 C.O 36 -90 -54
C.O 800 -1200 1200 Dist. 36 54 54
Dist. 480 720 -1200 ∑M 2796 5628 -5628 0
C.O 240 -600 360
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the internal moment at each support of

the beam shown. EI is constant
 • Determine the internal
moment at each support of
the beam shown. EI is
constant
SOLUTION:
4 𝐸𝐼 /12
Joint A B C D 𝐷𝐹 𝐵𝐴 =𝐷𝐹 𝐵𝐶=
Member AB BA BC CB CD DC 4 𝐸𝐼/12+4
𝐷𝐹 =𝐷𝐹 =0.5
𝐸𝐼/12
𝐵𝐴 𝐵𝐶
DF 0 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0
FEM 4 𝐸𝐼 /12
𝐷𝐹 𝐶𝐵 =
𝐷𝐹4 𝐸𝐼=0.4
𝐶𝐵
/12+4 𝐸𝐼 /8
4 𝐸𝐼/8
𝐷𝐹 𝐶𝐷=
4 𝐸𝐼 /12+4 𝐸𝐼 /8
4 𝐸𝐼 4 𝐸𝐼 4 𝐸𝐼 𝐷𝐹 𝐶𝐷=0.6
𝐾 𝐴𝐵 = 𝐾 𝐵𝐶 = 𝐾 𝐶𝐷 =
12 12 8
 • Determine the internal
moment at each support of
the beam shown. EI is
constant
SOLUTION:
Fixed End Moment
12 2
Joint A B C D (20 𝑑𝑥) ( 12− 𝑥 ) (𝑥)
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐵𝐶 =−∫ 2 m
Member AB BA BC CB CD DC 0 12
12 2
(20 𝑑𝑥) ( 𝑥 ) ( 12− 𝑥𝐹𝐸𝑀
)
DF 0 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0 𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐶𝐵 =∫ 2
𝐶𝐵 =240𝑘𝑁 −𝑚
FEM 0 12
-240 240 -250 250 250( 4 2)( 4) m
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐶𝐷= −
822
250( 4 )( 4) m
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐷𝐶 =
82
 • Determine the internal
moment at each support of
the beam shown. EI is
constant
SOLUTION:
Joint A B C D Joint A B C D
Mem. AB BA BC CB CD DC Mem. AB BA BC CB CD DC
DF 0 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0 DF 0 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0
FEM -240 240 -250 250 Dist. -0.05 -0.05 -1.2 -1.8
Dist. 120 120 4 6 C.O -0.025 -0.6 -0.025 -0.9
C.O 60 2 60 3 Dist. 0.3 0.3 0.01 0.015
Dist. -1 -1 -24 -36 ∑M 62.475 125.25 -125.25 281.49 -281.49 234.25
C.O -0.5 -12 -0.5 -18
Dist. 6 6 0.2 0.3
C.O 3 0.1 3 0.15
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the internal moment at each support of

the beam shown.
 • Determine the internal
moment at each support of
the beam shown.

SOLUTION:
Joint B C D
Member BA BC CB CD DC
𝐷𝐹 𝐵 𝐶 =1− 𝐷𝐹 𝐵𝐴=1
DF 0 1 0.484 0.516 0
FEM 150 𝐸 𝐷𝐹 =0.484
𝐷𝐹 𝐶𝐵 = 𝐶𝐵

150 𝐸 +160 𝐸
1 6 0 𝐸 𝐷𝐹 =0.516
𝐷𝐹 𝐶𝐷= 𝐶𝐵

𝐷𝐹 150 𝐸+160
=0 𝐸
𝐷𝐶

4 𝐸 (750) 4 𝐸 (600)
𝐾 𝐵𝐶 = =150 𝐸 𝐾 𝐶𝐷 = =160 𝐸
20 15
 • Determine the internal
moment at each support of
the beam shown.

SOLUTION:
Fixed End Moment
Joint B C D
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐵𝐶 =4000𝑙𝑏− 𝑓𝑡
Member
DF
BA BC CB CD
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐵𝐴 =400
DC
(10) 𝐹𝐸𝑀20
(60 𝑑𝑥) ( 20 − 𝑥 ) (𝑥)
2
=− 2000𝑙𝑏− 𝑓𝑡
0 1 0.484 0.516 0 𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐵𝐶 =−∫ 2
𝐵𝐶
FEM 4000 -2000 2000 0 20
20 2
(60 𝑑𝑥) ( 𝑥 ) ( 20 − 𝑥)𝐹𝐸𝑀 =2000 𝑙𝑏− 𝑓𝑡
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐶𝐵 =∫ 2
𝐶𝐵
0 20
 • Determine the internal
moment at each support of
the beam shown.

SOLUTION:
Joint B C D Joint B C D
Member BA BC CB CD DC Member BA BC CB CD DC
DF 0 1 0.484 0.516 0 DF 0 1 0.484 0.516 0
FEM 4000 -2000 2000 C.O 29.3 29.3 31.2
Dist. -2000 -968 -1032 Dist. -29.3 -14.2 -15.1
C.O -484 -1000 -516 C.O -7.1 -14.6 -7.6
Dist. 484 484 516 Dist. 7.1 7.1 7.6
C.O 242 242 258 C.O 3.5 3.5 3.8
Dist. -242 -117.1 -124.9 Dist. -3.5 -1.7 -1.8
C.O -58.6 -121 -62.4 ∑M 4000 -4000 587.8 -587.8 -293
Dist. 58.6 58.6 62.4
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD

• Stiffness-Factor Modifications
• the amount of moment M required to rotate the end A of the beam = 1 rad
MOMENT
DISTRIBUTION
METHOD
FRAME WITHOUT SIDEWAY
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the internal moments at the joints of the

frame shown in Figure. There is a pin at E and D
and a fixed support at A. EI is constant.
 • Determine the internal moments at
the joints of the frame shown in
Figure. There is a pin at E and D and
a fixed support at A. EI is constant.

SOLUTION:
𝐷𝐹 𝐴𝐵 =0
Joint A B C D E 4 𝐸𝐼 /15 𝐷𝐹 =0.5455
Mem AB BA BC CB CD CE DC 𝐷𝐹 𝐵𝐴 =
EC
𝐵𝐴

DF 0 0.545 0.455 0.270 0.324 0.405 1 1

4 𝐸𝐼 /15+4
4 𝐸𝐼/18𝐸𝐼/18 𝐷𝐹 =0.4545
FEM 𝐷𝐹 𝐵𝐶 = 𝐶𝐵

4 𝐸𝐼/15+4 𝐸𝐼/18 𝐷𝐹 =0.2703

4 𝐸𝐼/18
𝐷𝐹 𝐶𝐵= 𝐶𝐵

4 𝐸𝐼 /15+44 𝐸𝐼/18+4
𝐸𝐼/15 𝐸𝐼/12
𝐷𝐹 =0.3243
𝐷𝐹 𝐶𝐷= 𝐶𝐷

4 𝐸𝐼 /15+44 𝐸𝐼
𝐸𝐼/18+4
/12 𝐸𝐼 /12 𝐷𝐹 =0.4054
4 𝐸𝐼
𝐾 𝐵𝐶 = 𝐾 𝐶 𝐸 = 4 𝐸𝐼
4 𝐸𝐼 𝐷𝐹 𝐶𝐸= 𝐶𝐸

𝐾 𝐴𝐵 =𝐾 𝐶𝐷=
15 18 12 𝐷𝐹 =𝐷𝐹 4 𝐸𝐼 /15+4=1𝐸𝐼 /18+4 𝐸𝐼/12
𝐷𝐶 𝐸𝐶
 • Determine the internal moments at
the joints of the frame shown in
Figure. There is a pin at E and D and
a fixed support at A. EI is constant.

SOLUTION:
Joint A B C D E Fixed End Moment
Mem AB BA BC CB CD CE DC EC 18 2
(5 𝑑𝑥) ( 18 − 𝑥 ) (𝑥𝐹𝐸𝑀
)
DF 𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐵𝐶 =−∫ 𝐵𝐶 =− 135 𝑘− 𝑓𝑡
0 0.545 0.455 0.270 0.324 0.405 1 1 18
2
0
18 2
FEM -135 135 (5 𝑑𝑥) ( 𝑥 ) (18 − 𝑥 )𝐹𝐸𝑀 =135 𝑘− 𝑓𝑡
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐶𝐵 =∫ 2
𝐶𝐵
0 18
 • Determine the internal moments at
the joints of the frame shown in
Figure. There is a pin at E and D and
a fixed support at A. EI is constant.

SOLUTION:
Joint A B C D E Joint A B C D E
Mem AB BA BC CB CD CE DC EC Mem AB BA BC CB CD CE DC EC
DF 0 0.545 0.455 0.270 0.324 0.405 1 1 DF 0 0.545 0.455 0.270 0.324 0.405 1 1

FEM -135 135 Dist. 2.12 1.77 -1.77 -2.12 -2.65 4.67 5.84

Dist. 73.64 61.36 -36.49 -43.78 -54.73 C.O 1.06 -0.885 0.885 2.335 2.92 -1.06 -1.325

C.O 36.82 -18.25 30.68 -21.89 -27.37 Dist. 0.482 0.402 -1.659 -1.991 -2.489 1.06 1.325

Dist. 9.95 8.30 -8.29 -9.95 -12.44 21.89 27.37 C.O 0.241 -0.830 0.201 0.53 0.663 -0.996 -1.245

C.O 4.98 -4.15 4.15 10.95 13.69 -4.98 -6.22 Dist. 0.453 0.377 -0.377 -0.452 -0.565 0.996 1.245

Dist. 2.26 1.89 -7.78 -9.34 -11.67 4.98 6.22 ∑M 44.231 88.905 - 115.49 - - 0 0
88.906 5 51.328 64.161
C.O 1.13 -3.89 0.945 2.49 3.11 -4.67 -5.84
MOMENT
DISTRIBUTION
METHOD
FRAME WITH SIDEWAY
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD

= +
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD

= + +
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION METHOD
 SAMPLE PROBLEM

• Determine the moments at each joint of the frame

shown
 • Determine the moments at
each joint of the frame shown

SOLUTION:

= +
 • Determine the moments at
each joint of the frame shown

SOLUTION:
Joint A B C D
Mem AB BA BC CB CD DC
DF 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 Fixed End Moment
FEM -10.24 2.56 16 ( 42 )(1)-m
Dist.
𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐵𝐶 =− 2
5.12 5.12 -1.28 -1.28 5
C.O 16 (12 )( 4)𝐹𝐸𝑀 =2.56𝑘𝑁 −𝑚
2.56 -0.64 2.56 -0.64 𝐹𝐸𝑀 𝐶𝐵 = 2
𝐶𝐵
Dist. 0 0.32 0.32 -1.28 -1.28 0
5
C.O 0.16 -0.64 0.16 -0.64
∑ 𝐹 𝑋=0
Dist. 0.32 0.32 -0.08 -0.08 0 𝑅=1.73 𝑘𝑁 −0.81 𝑘𝑁
C.O 0.16 -0.04 0.16 -0.04 𝑅=0.92 𝑘𝑁
Dist. 0.02 0.02 -0.08 -0.08
∑M 2.88 5.78 -5.78 2.72 -2.72 -1.32
 • Determine the moments at
each joint of the frame shown

SOLUTION:
Joint A B C D
Mem AB BA BC CB CD DC
Fixed End Moment
DF 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
FEM -100 -100 -100 -100
Dist. 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00
C.O 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 ==
Dist. -12.50 -12.50 -12.50
C.O -6.25 0.00 -6.25 -6.25 -6.25
Dist. 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13
C.O 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56
Dist. -0.78 -0.78 -0.78 -0.78
∑M -79.69 -60.16 60.16 60.16 -60.16 -79.69
 • Determine the moments at
each joint of the frame shown

SOLUTION:
Joint A B C D
Mem AB BA BC CB CD DC
60.16 kN-m 60.16 kN-m • &
DF 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
FEM -100 -100 -100 -100 • 27.97 kN
Dist. 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 ∑ 𝐹 𝑋=0
C.O 79.69 kN-m ′
25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 79.69 kN-m 𝑅 =55.94 𝑘𝑁
Dist. -12.50 -12.50 -12.50 Ax Dx

C.O =1.57 kN.m

-6.25 0.00 -6.25 -6.25 -6.25
Dist. =4.79 kN.m
3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13
C.O 1.56 1.56 1.56 1.56 = - 4.79 kN.m
Dist. -0.78 -0.78 -0.78 -0.78 = 3.71 kN.m
∑M -79.69 -60.16 60.16 60.16 -60.16 -79.69 3.71 kN.m - 2.63 kN.m
THANK YOU