POSES REAL-LIFE PROBLEMS THAT CAN BE SOLVED

BY STATISTICS.

INTRODUCTION
TO
STATISTICS
OBJECTIVES:
1. Define Statistics
2. Identify the basic
concepts, uses and importance
of Statistics, numerical
(discrete or continuous) and
categorical data sets.
3. Appreciate the use of
statistics in daily activities
DRILL
TIME!
MULTIPLICATION
PROPERTY OF
EQUALITY (MPE)
E X A M P L E
1. 3X + 2 = 17
2. 15X = 75
3. 4X - 9X = 20
4. 4X - 9X = 20
5. 3X = 15
POSES REAL-LIFE PROBLEMS THAT CAN BE SOLVED
BY STATISTICS.

INTRODUCTION
TO
STATISTICS
 ACTIVITY 1:
MEASURING THE
ARM SPAN
ACTIVITY 1: MEASURING THE ARM SPAN

INSTRUCTION: THE TEACHER WILL

GROUP THE CLASS INTO THREE GROUPS.
EACH GROUP SHOULD HAVE ONE TAPE
MEASURE TO ESTIMATE THE ARM SPAN
OF THEIR GROUP MATES.
ACTIVITY 1: MEASURING THE ARM SPAN

USING TAPE MEASURE, STRETCH OUT BOTH

ARMS AND MEASURE THE LENGTH FROM
THE TIP OF A MIDDLE FINGER TO THE TIP
OF THE OTHER MIDDLE FINGER. MEASURE
YOUR INDIVIDUAL ARM SPAN USING THE
CENTIMETER (CM) UNIT OF LENGTH. ROUND
OFF THE MEASURES TO THE NEAREST CM.
ON THE BOARD, WRITE YOUR MEASURES
INDIVIDUALLY.
ACTIVITY 1: MEASURING THE ARM SPAN
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING:
1.DO YOU THINK STUDENTS IN THIS CLASS
HAVE DIFFERENT ARM SPANS?

2.HOW MANY IN THIS CLASS HAVE THE SAME

ARM SPANS?

3. WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON MEASURE OF

ARM SPANS?
POSES REAL-LIFE PROBLEMS THAT CAN BE SOLVED
BY STATISTICS.

INTRODUCTION
TO
STATISTICS
 WHAT IS
STATISTICS
?
STATISTICS
STATISTICS IS A BRANCH
OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS
SPECIALIZING IN
PROCEDURES FOR
COLLECTING, ORGANIZING,
PRESENTING, ANALYZING,
AND INTERPRETING DATA
FROM OBSERVATIONS.
 STATISTICS
INVOLVES MUCH
MORE THAN SIMPLY
DRAWING GRAPHS
AND COMPUTING
AVERAGES.
• IN EDUCATION, IT IS
FREQUENTLY USED TO
DESCRIBE TEST RESULTS

• In science, the data

resulting from experiments
must be collected and
analyzed.
• MANUFACTURERS CAN PROVIDE
BETTER PRODUCTS AT REASONABLE
COSTS THROUGH THE USE OF
STATISTICAL QUALITY
CONTROL TECHNIQUES.
• In government, many kinds of
statistical data are collected all the
time.
• A KNOWLEDGE OF STATISTICS CAN
HELP YOU BECOME MORE CRITICAL IN
YOUR ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION;
HENCE, YOU WILL NOT BE MISLED BY
MANUFACTURED POLLS, GRAPHS, AND
AVERAGES.
STATISTICAL
QUESTION
STATISTICAL QUESTION

STATISTICAL
QUESTION IS ONE
THAT CAN BE
ANSWERED BY
COLLECTING DATA
THAT VARY.
EXAMPLE OF STATISTICAL QUESTION
1. How many hours does the grade 7
students spend time in studying?
(Summarizing question)
2. Do the grade 7 stuents spend more
time in social media than studying?
(Comparing question)
3. Do students who spend more time in
studying do better in exam? (Relationship
question)
EXAMPLE OF NON-STATISTICAL QUESTION

1. How old are you?

2. What is your favorite subject?
3. How many siblings does Elise
have?
STATISTICAL QUESTION

THERE ARE TWO

TYPES OF DATA:
NUMERICAL AND
CATEGORICAL
NUMERICAL DATA (QUANTITAVE DATA)

NUMERICAL DATA
SET ARE THOSE IN
NUMERICAL FORM
WHICH ARE EITHER
CONTINUOUS OR
DISCRETE.
DISCRETE DATA

Discrete data
are those that
can be counted in
a finitely
EXAMPLES OF NUMERICAL DATA
A. DISCRETE DATA
1. Number of boys and girls
in grade 7 per section
2. The result of rolling dice
3. The number of books in
the shelves
CONTINUOUS DATA

continuous data are

measurements that can
take any value from an
is infinite range.
EXAMPLES OF NUMERICAL DATA
B. CONTINUOUS DATA
1. The heights of all grade
7 students
2. Age of a persons
3. Distance travelled by an
airplane overtime
CATEGORICAL DATA (QUALITATIVE DATA)

CATEGORICAL DATA TAKE

NON NUMERICAL VALUES,
SUCH AS COLORS,
INFORMATION OR
QUESTIONS THAT ARE
ANSWERABLE BY YES OR
NO, LABELS, ETC.
(EXAMPLE: LARGE,
MEDIUM, AND SMALL)
EXAMPLES OF CATEGORICAL DATA

1. SINCE OUR COUNTRY IS INFECTED

WITH CORONA VIRUS, DO YOU
FOLLOW THE HEALTH PROTOCOLS
GIVEN BY THE DEPARTMENT OF
HEALTH?
2. Winter melon is my favorite milk tea
flavor.
3. Blue signifies calmness, tranquility,
relaxation and peace.
4 STEPS TO SOLVE REAL LIFE
PROBLEMS USING STATISTICS:
1.POSE THE QUESTION THAT CAN BE
ANSWERED BY DATA.

2.DETERMINE A PLAN TO COLLECT

DATA.

3. ORGANIZE AND SUMMARIZE THE

DATA.
4. INTERPRET THE RESULTS AND
ANSWER THE QUESTION POSED IN
STEP 1 USING THE ORGANIZED AND
SUMMARIZED DATA.
ENGAGEMENT
ENGAGEMENT
SEATWORK 1
A. DETERMINE WHETHER THE QUESTION
IS A STATISTICAL QUESTION OR NOT.
1.WHAT TIME DID I WOKE UP THIS
MORNING?
2.WHAT ARE THE HEIGHTS OF GRADE 7
DALYA STUDENTS?
ENGAGEMENT
3. WHAT WERE THE HIGH
TEMPERATURE OF THE REGIONS IN
MINDANAO YESTERDAY?

4. How old am I?
5. Do students want face to face
classes than online classes?
ENGAGEMENT
B. IDENTIFY WHETHER THE FOLLOWING IF
IT IS CATEGORICAL, DISCRETE OR
CONTINUOUS DATA.
1. THE VOLUME OF A PRISM
2. HOURS OF SLEEP OF A HIGH STUDENTS
3. THE WEIGHT OF A SACK OF RICE
4. THE HEIGHT OF A PINEAPPLE PLANTS
5. EYE COLOR OF MY PETS
ENGAGEMENT

6. Brand of the ballpens in a class

7. The number of students in a class
8. Number of languages spoken by Jose
Rizal
9. Lists of SSG officers
10. The results of rolling two dices
ENGAGEMENT
ASSIMILATION
QUIZ #1
 IDENTIFY WHAT IS BEING
ASKED IN EACH STATEMENT.
CHOOSE THE LETTER OF THE
CORRECT ANSWER.
1.
WHAT IS THE BRANCH OF APPLIED
MATHEMATICS DEALING WITH DATA
COLLECTION,ORGANIZATION,
ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION AND
PRESENTATION?

A.ALGEBRA
B.TRIGONOMETRY
C. STATISTICS
D. GEOMETRY
2.
IT IS A TYPE OF DATA THAT CAN BE
EXPRESSED IN NUMBERS. WHAT IS
IT?
A. Categorical data set
B. Numerical data set
C. Statistics
D. Statistical question
3.
IT IS A COLLECTION OF
INFORMATION THAT CAN BE
DIVIDED INTO GROUPS. WHAT IS IT
CALLED?
A. Categorical data set
B. Numerical data set
C. Statistics
D. Statistical question
4.
WHAT IS A QUERY THAT CAN BE
ANSWERED BY COLLECTING DATA
THAT MAY VARY?
A. Categorical data set
B. Numerical data set
C. Statistics
Statistical question
5.
WHICH AMONG THE STATEMENTS IS
NOT AN EXAMPLE OF STATISTICAL
QUESTION?
A. Who is my favorite Korean Drama star?
B. What is the favorite Korean Drama of
the grade 7 students?
C. What is the typical age of the grade 7
Mathematics teachers?
D. How many brothers and sisters does my
classmates have?
ANSWERS
1.
WHAT IS THE BRANCH OF APPLIED
MATHEMATICS DEALING WITH DATA
COLLECTION,ORGANIZATION,
ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION AND
PRESENTATION?

A.ALGEBRA
B.TRIGONOMETRY
C. STATISTICS
D. GEOMETRY
2.
IT IS A TYPE OF DATA THAT CAN BE
EXPRESSED IN NUMBERS. WHAT IS
IT?
A. Categorical data set
B. Numerical data set
C. Statistics
D. Statistical question
3.
IT IS A COLLECTION OF
INFORMATION THAT CAN BE
DIVIDED INTO GROUPS. WHAT IS IT
CALLED?
A. Categorical data set
B. Numerical data set
C. Statistics
D. Statistical question
4.
WHAT IS A QUERY THAT CAN BE
ANSWERED BY COLLECTING DATA
THAT MAY VARY?
A. Categorical data set
B. Numerical data set
C. Statistics
D. Statistical question
5.
WHICH AMONG THE STATEMENTS IS
NOT AN EXAMPLE OF STATISTICAL
QUESTION?
A. Who is my favorite Korean Drama star?
B. What is the favorite Korean Drama of
the grade 7 students?
C. What is the typical age of the grade 7
Mathematics teachers?
D. How many brothers and sisters does my
classmates have?
 LESSON #2
FORMULATES SIMPLE
STATISTICAL INSTRUMENTS
OBJECTIVES:
1. IDENTIFY SOME SIMPLE STATISTICAL
INSTRUMENTS IN GATHERING DATA.
2. DISTINGUISH THE TYPES OF
QUESTION BEING USED
3. VALUE THE IMPORTANCE OF
STATISTICAL INSTRUMENTS IN
ANSWERING STATISTICAL QUESTIONS
ACTIVITY 1:
HONESTY
TEST!
Students will answer
the teacher’s
questions for a
survey on honesty of
grade 7 students
 YOU FOUND
SOMEONE’S WALLET.
WHAT WOULD YOU
DO?
 You are mistakenly given 50
pesos extra change. What would
you do?
YOU KNOW YOUR
TEACHER IS NOT
STRICT DURING
EXAMS, WOULD
YOU CHEAT?
 ARE YOU
HONEST MOST
OF THE TIME ?
 THERE ARE DIFFERENT
STATISTICAL INSTRUMENTS
THAT CAN BE FORMULATED
AND USED TO GATHER DATA
DEPENDING ON THE NEEDS.
 STATISTICAL
INSTRUMENTS
OBSERVATION
IT FOCUSES IN DETERMINING
THE CHANGES IN THE
ATTITUDE, CHARACTERISTICS
AND BEHAVIOR OF PEOPLE OR
OTHER SUBJECTS. THIS
TECHNIQUE INCLUDES
WATCHING,RECORDING
ACTIONS AND BEHAVIOUR.
INTERVIEWS
IT IS BEING PERFORMED
THROUGH PERSONALLY
ASKING QUESTIONS TO
PEOPLE who have the
authority or expertise to
say something about the
data needed.
INTERVIEWS
THE PERSON
GATHERING THE
DATA IS CALLED
THE INTERVIEWER,
WHILE THE PERSON
SUPPLYING THE
DATA IS THE
INTERVIEWEE.
FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION (FGD)
IT IS USED TO KNOW
THE THINKING, FEELING
OR opinion, about a certain
phenomenon, idea and etc.
FGD is conducted with a
small group of people with
common knowledge and
common field (usually 6 to
8 people).
ENGAGEMENT
SEATWORK 2
SEATWORK 2

1. ____________focuses in
determining the changes in the
____________, characteristics and
behavior of people or other subjects.
SEATWORK 2

2. __________ is being performed

through personally asking _______ to
people who have the authority or
expertise to say something about the
data needed.
SEATWORK 2

3. _______________ IS USED TO
KNOW THE THINKING, FEELING OR
OPINION, ABOUT A CERTAIN
PHENOMENON, IDEA AND ETC.
SEATWORK 2
1. OBSERVATION FOCUSES IN
DETERMINING THE CHANGES IN THE
ATTITUDE, CHARACTERISTICS
and behavior of people or other subjects.
2. Interviews is being performed through
personally asking questions to people who
have the authority or expertise to say
something about the data needed.
SEATWORK 2

3. FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION (FGD)

is used to know the thinking, feeling or
opinion, about a certain phenomenon,
idea and etc.
ASSIMILATION
QUIZ 2
1.
WHAT FOCUSES IN DETERMINING
THE CHANGES IN THE ATTITUDE,
CHARACTERISTICS AND BEHAVIOR
OF PEOPLE OR OTHER SUBJECTS?
A. Observation
B. Interview
C. Focus Group Discussion
D. None of the above
2.
IT IS BEING PERFORMED THROUGH
PERSONALLY ASKING QUESTIONS
TO PEOPLE who have the authority or
expertise to say something about the
data needed. What is it?
A. Observation
B. Interview
C. FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION
D. NONE OF THE ABOVE
3.
IT IS USED TO KNOW THE
THINKING, FEELING OR OPINION,
ABOUT A CERTAIN PHENOMENON,
IDEA AND ETC. WHAT IS IT?
A. Observation
B. Interview
C. Focus Group Discussion
D. None of the above
4.
WHAT DO YOU CALL THE PERSON
GATHERING DATA?
A. Interviewer
B. Interviewee
C. Interviuwer
D. Interviewie
5.
WHAT DO YOU CALL THE PERSON
SUPPLYING THE DATA?
A. Interviewer
B. Interviewee
C. Caster
D. Reporter
ANSWERS
QUIZ 2
1.
WHAT FOCUSES IN DETERMINING
THE CHANGES IN THE ATTITUDE,
CHARACTERISTICS AND BEHAVIOR
OF PEOPLE OR OTHER SUBJECTS?
A. Observation
B. Interview
C. Focus Group Discussion
D. None of the above
2.
IT IS BEING PERFORMED THROUGH
PERSONALLY ASKING QUESTIONS
TO PEOPLE who have the authority or
expertise to say something about the
data needed. What is it?
A. Observation
B. Interview
C. FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION
D. NONE OF THE ABOVE
3.
IT IS USED TO KNOW THE
THINKING, FEELING OR OPINION,
ABOUT A CERTAIN PHENOMENON,
IDEA AND ETC. WHAT IS IT?
A. Observation
B. Interview
C. Focus Group Discussion
D. None of the above
4.
WHAT DO YOU CALL THE PERSON
GATHERING DATA?
A. Interviewer
B. Interviewee
C. Interviuwer
D. Interviewie
5.
WHAT DO YOU CALL THE PERSON
SUPPLYING THE DATA?
A. Interviewer
B. Interviewee
C. Caster
D. Reporter
LESSON 3
FORMULATES
SIMPLE
STATISTICAL
INSTRUMENTS
OBJECTIVES:
1. IDENTIFY SOME SIMPLE
STATISTICAL INSTRUMENTS
IN GATHERING DATA.
2. Distinguish the types of
question being used
3. Value the importance of
statistical instruments in
answering statistical questions
ACTIVITY 1:
KNOWING
ME,
KNOWING
YOU
YOUR TEACHER WANTS
TO KNOW MORE ABOUT
YOU. THE QUESTIONS
BELOW WERE PREPARED.
KINDLY ANSWER
HONESTLY THE
FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS.
1.WHAT ARE YOUR HOBBIES?
2. WHAT SUBJECT DO YOU FIND THE
MOST DIFFICULT AND WHY?
3. WHAT DO YOU DO WHEN YOU’RE
HAVING A HARD TIME IN A SUBJECT?
4. WHAT YOU LIKE ABOUT YOUR MATH
TEACHER?
5. HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE
YOURSELF?
QUESTIONNAIRE
IF YOU HAVE BIG
NUMBER OF SAMPLE, IT
IS THE MOST PRACTICAL
WAY TO
USE. YOU GATHER DATA
THROUGH WRITING.
HOWEVER, YOU MUST BE
CAREFUL PRESENTING
YOUR QUESTIONS,
QUESTIONNAIRE
USING DIFFERENT
QUESTIONS, AND
APPROACHES TO
QUESTIONING, CAN
ALLOW US ACCESS
TO THE
INFORMATION WE
REQUIRE.
QUESTIONNAIRE
QUESTIONNAIRES USUALLY
ARE COMPRISED OF A
NUMBER OF QUESTIONS
THAT CAN EITHER BE
CLOSED QUESTIONS,
OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS,
OR MULTIPLE
choice.
QUESTIONNAIRE

TYPES
OF
QUESTIONS
TYPES OF QUESTIONS
1. CLOSED QUESTIONS
These are questions which
can be answered with
“Yes” or “No,” or they
have a limited set of
possible answers (such as:
A, B, C, or All of the
above).
TYPES OF QUESTIONS

For example, ‘Do you wear

glasses?’ the respondent
either does (responding
‘yes’) or doesn’t
(responding ‘no’) wear
glasses.
 TYPES OF QUESTIONS

2. OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS
THESE ARE QUESTIONS THAT
ALLOW SOMEONE TO GIVE A
FREE-FORM ANSWER.
EXAMPLE, “How did you answer
the modules?”
TYPES OF QUESTIONS
 TYPES OF QUESTIONS

3. MULTIPLE-CHOICE
QUESTIONS THESE ARE
QUESTIONS THAT PROVIDE a
certain number of specific
response options as possible
answers.
 TYPES OF QUESTIONS
AN EXAMPLE OF MULTIPLE-CHOICE
QUESTION WOULD BE:
“How do you spend your free time?”.
a. reading
c. surfing the internet
b. listening to radio
d. watching TV
e. others (please specify: )
TYPES OF QUESTIONS
 TYPES OF QUESTIONS
SURVEY – IN A NATIONAL LEVEL,
SURVEYS ARE USUALLY COVERED BY
THE GOVERNMENT AND
other form of surveying organization
such as National Statistics Office
(NSO). A survey can also be done in
small scale (i.e. a class of 25
students can be surveyed)
ENGAGEMENT
ACTIVITY
2
 MATCHING TYPE

Match the column A with

column B.
MATCH THE COLUMN A WITH COLUMN B.
A.
1. The most useful statistical instrument
to be used with big number of respondents is .
2. is being carried out through personally asking
questions to knowledgeable people about the data
needed.
3. The question “Do you prefer answering Self
Learning Modules (SLMs) than workbooks?”
is an example of .
4. The changes in characteristics, behavior and
________of the people observed are the focus
of observation.
5. is a type of questiont allows someone to give a
free-form answer.
B.

A. Interview
B. Closed Question
C. Open-Ended Question
D. Attitude
E. Questionnaire
F. Survey
ANSWERS:
1. E. QUESTIONNAIRE
2. A. INTERVIEWS
3. B. CLOSED QUESTION
4. D. ATTITUDE
5. C. OPEN-ENDED QUESTION
ASSIMILATION
QUIZ 3
1.Which of the following is an example
of statistical question?
A.How old are the students in Grade 7?
B.What did Larra eat for dinner?
C.What time did you get up this
morning?
D.How many pairs of shoes does my
best friend have?
2.Which of the following
statements/questions is an example of
open-ended question?
A.Are you feeling better today?
B.Should I date her?
C.What are the challenges you faced
during this time of pandemic?
D.Will you please do me a favor?
2.Which of the following
statements/questions is an example of
open-ended question?
A.Are you feeling better today?
B.Should I date her?
C.What are the challenges you faced
during this time of pandemic?
D.Will you please do me a favor?
3.What type of question is this “Have
you finished your homework?”
A.Closed question
B.Open-ended question
C.Multiple-choice question
D.None of the above
4.Which of the following is a closed
question?
A.How did you and your girlfriend meet?
B.How do you manage to raise your
children alone?
C.May I please have a bite of that
cassava melts?
D.What makes the chameleon
camouflage?
The question “What is your favorite ice
cream flavor and why?” is an example
of?
A. Closed question
B. Open-ended question
C. Multiple-choice question
D. None of the above
ANSWERS
QUIZ 2
1.Which of the following is an example
of statistical question?
A.How old are the students in Grade 7?
B.What did Larra eat for dinner?
C.What time did you get up this
morning?
D.How many pairs of shoes does my
best friend have?
2.Which of the following
statements/questions is an example of
open-ended question?
A.Are you feeling better today?
B.Should I date her?
C.What are the challenges you faced
during this time of pandemic?
D.Will you please do me a favor?
3.What type of question is this “Have
you finished your homework?”
A.Closed question
B.Open-ended question
C.Multiple-choice question
D.None of the above
4.Which of the following is a closed
question?
A.How did you and your girlfriend meet?
B.How do you manage to raise your
children alone?
C.May I please have a bite of that
cassava melts?
D.What makes the chameleon
camouflage?
The question “What is your favorite ice
cream flavor and why?” is an example
of?
A. Closed question
B. Open-ended question
C. Multiple-choice question
D. None of the above