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AA 219 - Lecture 1

This document provides an overview of aquatic pathology. It defines aquatic pathology as the study of diseases and pathogens that affect aquatic animals. It discusses that aquatic pathology studies fish and shellfish, including their defensive mechanisms and disease treatment. The document outlines that aquatic pathology examines host-pathogen relationships, fish pathogens, diagnostics, epidemiology, and new disease descriptions. It notes that aquatic pathology is important for aquaculture and environmental monitoring and identifies some common fish diseases and parasites.

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26 views

AA 219 - Lecture 1

This document provides an overview of aquatic pathology. It defines aquatic pathology as the study of diseases and pathogens that affect aquatic animals. It discusses that aquatic pathology studies fish and shellfish, including their defensive mechanisms and disease treatment. The document outlines that aquatic pathology examines host-pathogen relationships, fish pathogens, diagnostics, epidemiology, and new disease descriptions. It notes that aquatic pathology is important for aquaculture and environmental monitoring and identifies some common fish diseases and parasites.

Uploaded by

Eddy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Overview of

Aquatic Pathology
Aquatic Pathology
 Aquatic Pathology is defined as “the study of the disease
and disease-causing pathogens in aquatic organisms”

 Deals with the diseases and parasites that affects aquatic


animals ordinary living.

 Aquatic animals include fish and shellfish (shrimp,


crayfish, crab, and lobster: crustaceans, while clams,
scallops, oysters, and mussels: molluscs).

 It studies aquatic animal defensive mechanism against


diseases and its treatment.
Aquatic animals

Areas of interest of pathology include


host-pathogen relationships,
studies of fish pathogens,
pathophysiology, diagnostic
methods, therapy, epidemiology,
descriptions of new diseases.
Scope
 The study of aquatic pathology has received global
attention over time, with the intensification of aquatic
production system and global climate change.

 It can be considered an important multidisciplinary


instrument, useful in many aquatic scientific fields like
marine ecology, aquaculture, and ecotoxicology.

 The identification of fish and shellfish diseases and


pathologies are progressively being used as indicators of
environmental stress and can be used as biological
models.
 Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing food-producing
sectors.

 By 2014, a total of 580 farmed species around the world


have been registered with production data by FAO.
 These species include 362 finfishes (including hybrids),
104 molluscs, 62 crustaceans, and other aquatic
organisms

 The most farmed species are, e.g., Ruditapes philippinarum


and Crassostrea gigas for bivalve molluscs and carps
(Ctenopharyngodon idella, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, and
Cyprinus carpio) among finfish.
 Despite past and current efforts to prevent the spread of
infectious diseases of fish and molluscs, new outbreaks
continue to be recorded and, in endemic zones,
diseases continue to be a major constraint to the
industry.

 The World Bank in 2006 reported a global loss of about


US $3 billion per year to aquaculture production and
trade due to disease.
Fish diseases
Itch or White Spot Disease (Ichthyophthirius)
Cause
 Protozoan parasite either free swimming
in the water or carried in with new fish or
plants.

 Fish under stress from bad water


conditions are more susceptible.

 The fish’s skin and fins are covered in


tiny white spots

 A badly affected fish may make rapid gill


movements
Gill flukes and skin flukes
(Dactylogyrus& Gyrodactylus)

Cause
 Trematode (flatworm / flukes) parasites, caught by direct
contact with contaminated fish, free swimming larval
stages can attach to the bottom and side of housing.

 Flukes attach themselves to the body and eat skin / gill


tissue and blood.
Salmincola edwardsii on the gills of an Arctic charr
(Salmonid fish)
What you need to know in Aquatic Pathology?
 Identify fish parasites

 Identify fish infectious diseases

 Diagnose fish diseases including histological techniques for


disease diagnosis

 Isolate and culture fish pathogens

 Manage and control diseases in aquatic resources


END

Thanks for your attention

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