Types of Numbers

There are many different ways that we can

categorise/label/group numbers.

What are some of the ways you that

that we can categorise numbers?
 Types of Numbers
There are many different ways that we can
categorise/label/name numbers.
• Odd Some of these numbers have
• Even
special properties and these
• Whole number
• Decimal properties can be used to solve
• Square problems (which you will
• Cubed discover later).
• Triangular
• Prime
• Composite
• Negative
• Positive
• Fibonacci
Types of Numbers

What type of numbers do you see?

Types of Numbers: Square Numbers

Square Numbers!

Why do you think these are called square

numbers?
Types of Numbers: Square Numbers

2x2=4

3x3=9 4x4=16 5x5=25 6x6=36

1x1 = 1

Because the multiplication of an integer (number)

by itself forms a square shape or array!
1x1 = 1 2x2=4 3x3=9 4x4=16 5x5=25 6x6=36
Types of Numbers: Square Numbers

2x2=4 3x3=9 4x4=16 5x5=25 6x6=36

1

Have you ever heard of the term

“squared” or seen this:
2
4
Types of Numbers: Square Numbers

2x2=4 3x3=9 4x4=16 5x5=25 6x6=36

1

The term “squared” or this (to the power of 2):

2
4
means a number multiplied by itself:
E.g. 1x1, 2x2, 7x7, 9x9
Types of Numbers: Square Numbers

1 4 9 16 25 36

Square Numbers!
1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, …., …., ….
Heading: Square Numbers
1. Draw this pattern in your book and copy the counting pattern.
2. Show the 42= 4x4 = 16 for each picture.
3. Continue the pattern to find out what the next 5 numbers are
in this pattern.
 Have you ever seen this:
3
4
What does the little three (³) mean?

Cubed!
 Types of Numbers:
Cubed Numbers/To The Power of 3
The term “cubed” or “to the power of 3”:
3
4
means a number multiplied by itself and then by
itself again:

E.g. 10
1³ = 1x1x1 =
2³ = 2x2x2 = 10
7³ = 7x7x7 =
9³ = 9x9x9 =
10³ = 10x10x10 = 10
 Types of Numbers:
Cubed Numbers/To The Power of 3

You can use brackets to help you solve

powers of equations:
49
7³ = (7x7)x7 = 343
81 10
9³ = (9x9)x9 = 729
100 10
10³ = (10x10)x10= 1000

10
Types of Numbers

What type of numbers do you see?

Types of Numbers: Triangular Numbers

Triangular Numbers!
Types of Numbers: Triangular Numbers

Does anyone know why they are called

triangular numbers?
Types of Numbers: Triangular Numbers

Because the multiplication of an integer (number)

by itself forms an equilateral triangular or array!
Types of Numbers: Triangular Numbers

1 3 6

10 15 21

Triangular Numbers!
1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, …., …..
Heading: Triangular Numbers
1. Draw this pattern in your book and copy the counting pattern.

2. Continue the pattern to find out what the next 5 numbers in this
triangular number pattern are.
Types of Numbers: Triangular Numbers
Triangular Numbers:
1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, …., …..

Heading: Triangular Number Rule

Could you figure out what the rule is if you were asked to find
the next 10 numbers but you had to do it without drawing or
counting on in your head? Good luck!
Types of Numbers: Triangular Numbers
Triangular Numbers:
1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, …., …..

Triangular Number Rule

Extension:
Extension:
Extension:
Before we look at the next types of numbers it’s
important to remind or teach you the following
mathematical vocabulary!

Can you give us an example of 2 factors

and their product?
 Heading: Factors and Products
Create at least ten multiplication equations using the following table:

Factor 1 Factor 2 Product

(Multiplier 1) (Multiplier 2) (Answer)
2 3 6
Types of Numbers

What type of numbers do you see?

Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers

Prime Numbers!
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers

Have you ever heard of the term

“prime” numbers?
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Prime numbers are numbers that can only be
divided by
• 1, or
• themselves
to equal a whole number.
Go through an example here:

WT?
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Prime numbers are numbers that can only be
divided by
• 1, or
• themselves
to equal a whole number.

That’s easy!

So 7 can only be
divided by 7 or 1 to
get a whole number!

That means 7 is a
prime number!
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
ALSO KNOWN AS:
A prime number is a number that only has two
factors: 1 and the number
(i.e. 53: can only be made of 1x53)
Go through an example here:

WT?
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
ALSO KNOWN AS:
A prime number is a number that only has two
factors: 1 and the number
(i.e. 53: can only be made of 1x53)

That’s easy!

So 7 can only be made

using two factors: 7
and 1 (7x1).

That’s why we can call

it a prime number!
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Prime numbers are numbers that can only be
divided by
• 1, or
• themselves
to equal a whole number.
2÷2=1
2÷1=2
These numbers
can only every
3÷3=1
3÷1=3
be divided by 1
or themselves to
59 ÷ 59 = 1 get a whole
59 ÷ 1 = 59
number!
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Let’s test that out!

1. Choose any number form

here (i.e. 47).

2. On your calculator try:

47 ÷ 46 =
47 ÷ 45 =
47 ÷ 44 =
Keep on trying until you get a
whole number!
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers

Prime Numbers
Is there be a
quicker way?
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers

Prime Numbers
Yes!!

Try to draw any of these prime

numbers in an array.
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers

Prime Numbers
What’s an array?
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Prime Numbers
&
Arrays
Remember doing these in grade 2?
(They are called arrays!)
6x2 12 ÷ 2 = 6
Or or
2x6 12 ÷ 6 = 2

4x3 12 ÷ 4 = 3
Or or
3x4 12 ÷ 3 = 4
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Prime Numbers
&
Arrays
Try to make an array for any of these
prime numbers!

Good luck!
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers

Prime Numbers
Is there be a
quicker way than
drawing?
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers

Prime Numbers
Yes!!

Check out the awesome way on the

following slides….
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Take out the number 1 because it is a special
number.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Take out numbers that have a
composite factor of 2
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Take out numbers that have a
composite factor of 2
2 3 5 7 9
11 13 15 17 19
21 23 25 27 29
31 33 35 37 39
41 43 45 47 49
51 53 55 57 59
61 63 65 67 69
71 73 75 77 79
81 83 85 87 89
91 93 95 97 99
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Take out numbers that have a
composite factor of 4
2 3 5 7 9
11 13 15 17 19
21 23 25 27 29
31 33 35 37 39
41 43 45 47 49
51 53 55 57 59
61 63 65 67 69
71 73 75 77 79
81 83 85 87 89
91 93 95 97 99
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Take out numbers that have a
composite factor of 4
2 3 5 7
11 13 17 19
23 25 29
31 35 37
41 43 47 49
53 55 59
61 65 67
71 73 77 79
83 85 89
91 95 97
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Take out numbers that have a
composite factor of 5
2 3 5 7
11 13 17 19
23 25 29
31 35 37
41 43 47 49
53 55 59
61 65 67
71 73 77 79
83 85 89
91 95 97
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Take out numbers that have a
composite factor of 5
2 3 5 7
11 13 17 19
23 29
31 37
41 43 47 49
53 59
61 67
71 73 77 79
83 89
91 97
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Take out numbers that have a
composite factor of 7
2 3 5 7
11 13 17 19
23 29
31 37
41 43 47 49
53 59
61 67
71 73 77 79
83 89
91 97
Types of Numbers: Prime Numbers
Take out numbers that have a
composite factor of 7
2 3 5 7
11 13 17 19
23 29
31 37
41 43 47
53 59
61 67
71 73 79
83 89
97
The PRIME Numbers!

2 3 5 7
11 13 17 19
23 29
31 37
41 43 47
53 59
61 67
71 73 79
83 89
97
 Types of Numbers

Prime numbers ??

What do you think the green numbers

are?
Types of Numbers: Composite Numbers

Composite Numbers!
Types of Numbers: Composite Numbers

Have you ever heard of the term

“composite” numbers?
Types of Numbers: Composite Numbers
Composite numbers are numbers that can be
divided by
• at least two numbers, and
• themselves
to equal a whole number.

WT?
Types of Numbers: Composite Numbers
Composite numbers are numbers that can be
divided by
• at least two numbers, and
• themselves
to equal a whole number.

That’s easy!

So 7 can only be made

using two factors: 7
and 1 (7x1).

That’s why we can call

it a prime number!
Types of Numbers: Composite Numbers
Also known as:

Composite numbers are numbers that have

more than one factor (e.g. 9 = 3x3 and 9x1)

WT?
Types of Numbers: Composite Numbers
Also known as:

Composite numbers are numbers that have

more than one factor (e.g. 9 = 3x3 and 9x1)

That’s easy!

So 20 can be made
using more than two
factors: 1 & 20 (1x20)
2 & 10 (2x10) and
4 & 5 (4 x 5).

That’s why we can call

it a composite
number!
Types of Numbers: Composite Numbers
Let’s test the division theory out!
1. Choose any green number
(i.e. 99).

2. On your calculator try:

99 ÷ 12 =
99 ÷ 11 =

Heading: Composite Numbers

If you find a number that your number can be divided by write it
into your book.
For example: 99 can be divided by 11: 99 ÷ 11 = 9
Types of Numbers: Composite Numbers
Let’s test the factors theory out!
1. Choose any green number
(i.e. 20).

2. List all the factors of that

number you know
(i.e. 20 = 4x5, 2x10, 1x20)

Heading: Composite Numbers

If you find a number that your number can be divided by write
the factors into your book.
For example: 99 = 11 x 9
99 = 33 x 3 etc..
 Types of Numbers
What do you think you get if you multiply a prime
number by a prime number? (Try it a few times using
the prime numbers in the box below)
prime number x prime number = ?
 Types of Numbers
Did you know that if you multiply a prime number by a
prime number you get a composite number!
When you multiple a prime
number by a prime number we
then call them “prime factors”

? X ? = Factor x factor
2 and 3 (2 x 3) are prime factors!

Heading: Prime Factors

Create at least ten multiplication equations that use only prime
factors (prime number x a prime number)
 Prime Factors
Heading: Prime Factors
Create at least ten multiplication equations that use only prime
factors (prime number x a prime number) using the following
table layout:
Prime Factor Prime Factor Answer
1 2 (Composite
Number)
2 3 6
 Prime Factors
Let’s see which students really understand prime factors!

Read the following sentence carefully! What is it really asking you?

You have 5 minutes to write down all of the prime factors (not factors,
prime factors) for the number 100.
Prime Factors: Method 1
What are the prime factors for the number 100.

A prime factor is (a factor that is also a prime number).

Therefore the prime factors of 100 are 2 & 5

(1, 10, 20, 25 ,50 and 100 are not: they are composite numbers)

Why are 2 and 5 the only prime factors of 100?

The 9 factors of 100 are 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, and

100 (The factor pairs of 100 are 1 x 100, 2 x 50, 4 x
25, 5 x 20, and 10 x 10).

Therefore out of all of those factors of 100 only 2

and 5 are prime numbers (prime factors).
 Prime Factors: Method 2
What are the prime factors for the number 100.

Factor trees can help us identify the prime factors.

x .

.
.

.
Check out your answers using this free online prime factors calculator:
http:÷÷www.analyzemath.com÷Calculators_3÷prime_factors.html
Prime Factors: Factor Trees
Factor trees can help us identify the prime factors

Heading: Factor Trees .

.
Activity:
Try to create your own factor tree for the number 30.
Remember: Only use prime numbers as factors
(multipliers)
.

http:÷÷calculator.tutorvista.com÷math÷486÷factor-tree-calculator.html#
 Did you know?

That if a number is divisible (able to be divided by)

by a composite number then…. it is also divisible by
the prime factors of that number!

For example
WT?
a) Choose a random number: 785
and 4) b) The last two digits of 785 are 85.

c) 85 is divisible by 5! (don’t worry about the

700; 100 is a composite number therefore
so is 700!)
Let’s try that again with another random number.

For example

a) Choose a random number: 216

b) The last two digits of 216 are 16.

c) 16 is divisible by 8!
AND
d) 216 is also divisible by 2.

(Remember, don’t worry about the 200; 100 is

a composite number therefore so is 200!)