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Quick Guide To Gears

This document provides a summary of key topics related to gears including: - Nomenclature and design of different types of gears like spur gears, helical gears, bevel gears, and worm gears. - Stress, strength, and safety factors in gear design. - Analysis of gear tooth contact and failure modes. - Standards for gear design and analysis from organizations like AGMA. - References additional resources on gear design, analysis, and calculation tools.

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William Dornfeld
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
15 views

Quick Guide To Gears

This document provides a summary of key topics related to gears including: - Nomenclature and design of different types of gears like spur gears, helical gears, bevel gears, and worm gears. - Stress, strength, and safety factors in gear design. - Analysis of gear tooth contact and failure modes. - Standards for gear design and analysis from organizations like AGMA. - References additional resources on gear design, analysis, and calculation tools.

Uploaded by

William Dornfeld
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Quick Guide to Gears 1.

INTRODUCTION
2. NOMENCLATURE
3. DESIGN
https://danotes.mech.uwa.edu.au/
4. STRESS, STRENGTH AND SAFETY
5. MISCELLANEOUS STRENGTH TOPICS
6. SPRINGS
7. THREADED FASTENERS
8. WELDED JOINTS
9. CYLINDERS
10. PRESSURE VESSELS
11. SQUIRREL CAGE MOTORS
12. V-BELT DRIVES
13. BRAKES
14. SPUR GEARS
15. BUCKLING
16. FRACTURE MECHANICS
17. FINITE ELEMENTS
18. UNITS, DIMENSIONS & CONVERSIONS
19. PROGRAM DIRECTORY
A pair of spur gears for A rack and pinion. The straight Like spur gears helical gears
mounting on parallel shafts. rack translates rectilinearly and connect parallel shafts,
The 10 teeth of the smaller may be regarded as part of a however the teeth are not
pinion and the 20 teeth of the wheel of infinite diameter parallel to the shaft axes but
wheel lie parallel to the shaft lie along helices about the axes
axes

Straight bevel gears for Hypoid gears - one of a A worm and wormwheel
shafts whose axes intersect number of gear types for gives a large speed ratio
offset shafts but with significant sliding
Gear tooth contact occurs The Involute tooth shape is
along a line at a constant the path of unwinding a string
angle, the pressure angle. from a circle.

Pitch
circle

Pitch
circle

Gears behave like two friction


wheels with diameters equal
to their Pitch Diameters.
The pitch of two gears in mesh must be the same!
Harley-Davidson Sportster
Intake camshaft gears

Exhaust

rod
Exhaust

Push
The 3P gear has 28 teeth.

Crankshaft

Its Pitch Diameter, Dp =


1.75 Inches. Its Diametral
Pitch = 28/1.75 = 16
Cam Follower
My 1943 Sheldon metal lathe has a whole set of spur gears for cutting threads.
It can cut threads from 4 to 80 threads/inch by selecting the proper gears.
This gear has 48 teeth.

ABC Lever Leadscrew Carriage

Spindle Its Pitch Diameter, Dp = 3.0


Inches. Its Diametral Pitch
= 48/3.0 = 16
For standard gears, four inputs are all that are
necessary to determine all the gear features.
Pinion
Pinion = Driving gear
Gear = Driven gear

Gear
For analysis, the gear tooth is
Apart from one-off overloads, there are three
represented as a simple
common modes of tooth failure
• bending fatigue leading to root cracking, cantilever beam with a tip load.
• surface contact fatigue leading to flank
pitting, and
• lubrication breakdown leading to scuffing.

In 1894, Wilfred Lewis came up with the


Lewis equation for tooth loads:

In 1894 though, no one knew about


stress concentration yet, so it wasn’t
included in the equation.
Current gear analysis approaches are “governed” by the AGMA –
the American Gear Manufacturers Association.

Here is a good discussion of AGMA design


-https://theengineeringblog.com/gear-design-by-agma-theory/

Gleason Corporation, Rochester, NY provides a free “Gear Calculator App”


that runs on PCs/notebooks as well on mobile devices with Android and iOS.

Also see Hamrock Chapter 14 & 15

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