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Physics

The document discusses the principle of floatation through three examples. Case 1 examines a rock in water, which will sink since the gravitational force is greater than the buoyant force due to the rock's higher density. Case 2 looks at balloons in water, which will float since air's lower density means buoyancy overcomes gravity. Case 3 analyzes wood in water, which will float with half submerged since its density is similar to water, balancing the forces. The document introduces buoyancy as the upward force on an immersed object, explains how to calculate buoyant force using fluid displacement, and relates buoyancy to density and gravity.

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Srikar tej
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18 views12 pages

Physics

The document discusses the principle of floatation through three examples. Case 1 examines a rock in water, which will sink since the gravitational force is greater than the buoyant force due to the rock's higher density. Case 2 looks at balloons in water, which will float since air's lower density means buoyancy overcomes gravity. Case 3 analyzes wood in water, which will float with half submerged since its density is similar to water, balancing the forces. The document introduces buoyancy as the upward force on an immersed object, explains how to calculate buoyant force using fluid displacement, and relates buoyancy to density and gravity.

Uploaded by

Srikar tej
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Floatation

Physics

By: Srikar, Class 9 A


3 Cases of Body's in Water
Let’s take a rock, Ballon and some wood.

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What happens when we drop these 3 objects in water?


The principle that governs this is called floatation.
Let us discuss this.
Legend
What is floatation? 04
How do we calculate 05
this?
Case 1 07
Case 2 08
Case 3 09
Sample Question
10

3
What is Floatation?
The floatation principle states that when
an object floats in a liquid, the buoyant
force acting on the object is equal to the
object's weight.
To fully understand this, we need to
understand what “Buoyancy” is. It is the
force acting upwards on a body that is
partially or fully immersed in a body.
So, a body is basically floating when 2
forces: Gravity and buoyancy become equal.

4
How to calculate flotation(using
buoyancy)
Buoyant Force mathematical derivation:

We know, buoyant force is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced.


Therefore we can write:
FBuoyancy = mliquid(d)g
FBuoyancy = vliquid(d)dliquidg (Mass= Density*Volume)
When the body is completely submerged, we can say the volume of the liquid displaced is equal to the
volume of the body. Therefore:
FBuoyancy = vdliquidg
5
How to calculate flotation(using
buoyancy)
Relation between buoyancy and density:
FBuoyancy = vdg
We know volume of a body and gravity are constant at the same location .Therefore:
FBuoyancy = μdliquid
I.e., If the density increases the buoyant force also increases proportionally.
Similarly if the density and volume are constant in a scenario:
FBuoyancy ∝ g

6
Case 1:
Stone in water:

We know that when submereged, there are 2 forces acting upon it


now: a bouyant force and a gravitaional force. To find wether it
floats or sinks we need to calculate both forces. We can do this
using formulas previously discussed.

F = μd

This formula is applicable for both gravity and density. We know


that the density of the stone is higher and can hence conclude that
the gravitational force will overcome the buoyant force and sink.

7
Case 2:
Ballons in water:

In this case, due to most of the weight being air, the bouyant force
will overcome the gravitational force easily and cause the ballons the
float on top with nothing being submereged.

You may wonder, why do hydrogen filled ballons fly up into the
skys? It is the same principle. Air, also being a fluid exerts a bouyant
force upwards but this is usually always negated due to the fact that
most bodys are much dense than air and gravity prevails.

But in the case of hydrogen, it is less dense than air. Hence, gravity is
overcome and the ballons fly upwards due to buoyant force.

8
Case 3:
Wood in water:

We know that the density of wood and water is quite simlar. So what
happens?

In this case the log will float on the surface with half underwater and
half above water if both forces are equal.

This same concept applies for any body that has a density simlar or
slightly less than water.

This is also why wood is used to build rafts and was used to build
ships as its density was slightly less than water alowing for some load
to be placed.

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Practice Question

10
Buoyancy is the upward force that acts on an object when it is
immersed in a fluid. It depends on the density of the object and the
fluid, as well as the shape and volume of the object. We have learned

Conclusion how to determine whether an object will sink or float using the
concept of relative density. We have also explored some applications
and examples of buoyancy in real life, such as ships, submarines,
balloons, and fish. Buoyancy is an important phenomenon that affects
many aspects of our lives, from engineering to biology. By
understanding the principles and factors of buoyancy, we can design
and use objects that can overcome gravity and move in fluids. Thank
you for your attention and I hope you enjoyed this presentation on
buoyancy.

11
Thank you.

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