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Exemplification and Classification

The document provides information about exemplification and classification writing patterns. It defines exemplification as the action of giving examples and notes that it is commonly used in academic writing. It also discusses commonly used abbreviations for referring to examples such as "e.g." and "i.e.". The document includes activities where readers are asked to complete sentences using examples and classify types of schools according to criteria like age or type of education.

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Jhessa Gales
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23 views

Exemplification and Classification

The document provides information about exemplification and classification writing patterns. It defines exemplification as the action of giving examples and notes that it is commonly used in academic writing. It also discusses commonly used abbreviations for referring to examples such as "e.g." and "i.e.". The document includes activities where readers are asked to complete sentences using examples and classify types of schools according to criteria like age or type of education.

Uploaded by

Jhessa Gales
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exemplification and

Classification
• Define
Exemplification

Objectives • Write a paragraph using


exemplification and
classification writing
pattern.
Exemplification
The action of giving examples
Commonly used in academic writing.
There are several ways of referring to
examples, not just the expression for
example or e.g. (although these are
the most common)

20XX presentation title 3


Commonly used abbreviations
f.e. / e.g. – for example
i.e. – that is (to say); in other words
viz. – namely; it is/they are
e.g. There are four language skills, viz.
listening, speaking, reading and
writing.

"Viz." is an abbreviation of the Latin word "videlicet," which translates to "namely" or


"that is to say" in English.
Let’s try this!

5
Activity 1: Complete the sentences using: illustration,
for example, a case in point, an example, for instance,
such as

At the approach of danger many birds utter warning calls: this is _______ of animals

communicating with each other. Cries, ____________ those of anger, fear and pleasure, are

uttered by apes. There are important differences between human language and animal

communication: ___________, animals’ cries are not articulate. Animals’ cries lack,

____________, the kind of structure that enables us to divide a human utterance into words.

A good _________ of changing an utterance by substituting one word for another is a soldier

who can say...The number of signals that an animal can make is very limited: the great tit is

__________________.
6
Classification is normally made
according to a criterion or
several criteria (e.g. age, size,
number...)
20XX presentation title 7
Activity 2: Complete the statements
below:

SCHOOLS CAN BE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THE


STUDENTS’ AGES AND TYPE OF EDUCATION.

THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF SCHOOL: ________________


SECONDARY STUDENTS MAY BE GROUPED ACCORDING
TO THEIR ABILITIES;_______________________________.
Activity 3 : Identify the structure of the
following texts;
#1.
ALTHOUGH I RAISED MARCEE AND OBBIE FROM PUPPIES, THEY HAVE
COMPLETELY DIVERSE PERSONALITIES. OBBIE IS A SIX YEAR OLD, MALE,
TOY POMERANIAN WHEREAS MARCEE IS A ONE YEAR OLD, FEMALE, BOSTON
TERRIER. OBBIE IS SMALL AND SOFT, UNLIKE MARCEE WHO HAS BRISTLY
HAIR AND IS MUCH BIGGER. MARCEE INSISTS ON SLEEPING ON THE BED,
UNDER THE COVERS EVERY NIGHT. ON THE OTHER HAND, OBBIE WILL ONLY
SLEEP ON THE FLOOR, UNDER THE BED. OBBIE IS TREMENDOUSLY LOYAL
AND UPRIGHT; HOWEVER, MARCEE IS HYPER AND FRIENDLY TO ANYONE
SHE MEETS OR SEES. AROUND OTHER DOGS, MARCEE COWERS TO THE
LARGER DOG, YET OBBIE WILL ALWAYS STAND HIS GROUND, NEVER GIVING
UP UNTIL HE ISSCOLDED. GIVEN THAT THEY WERE BOTH TREATED THE SAME
WAY ALL THEIR LIVES, IT IS HARD TO BELIEVE THAT THEY ARE SO DIFFERENT
IN EVERYTHING THEY DO.
#2
DRUG ADDICTION IS A SERIOUS HEALTH ISSUE THAT AFFECTS ADDICTS, THEIR FAMILIES
AND SOCIETY. FIRST, DRUG ADDICTION HAS SEVERE PHYSICAL EFFECTS ON THE ADDICT’S
BODY. DRUG USERS CAN EXPERIENCE MANY PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS INCLUDING SICKNESS,
FEVERS, SWEATS AND SHAKES, LOSS OF APPETITE, AND WEIGHT LOSS. THEY ALSO FACE
THE DANGER OF CONTRACTING SERIOUS DISEASES SUCH AS AIDS, HEPATITIS, AND OTHER
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES, NOT TO MENTION THE RISK OF OVERDOSE.

MOREOVER, FAMILIES AND FRIENDS OF DRUG ADDICTS ARE INEVITABLY AFFECTED BY


THEIR ADDICTION. CONSEQUENTLY, IT CAN LEAD TO SERIOUS FINANCIAL PROBLEMS, LOSS
OF TRUST AND EVENTUALLY FAMILY BREAKUP AND DIVORCE. SOCIETY AS WELL PAYS A
COST: CRIME RATES GO UP, AND MORE SECURITY AND HOSPITAL CARE IS NEEDED; SO,
TAXPAYERS WILL PAY MORE. DRUG ADDICTION IS A DESTRUCTIVE WAY TO LIVE. MAYBE
MORE WOULD BE DONE ABOUT IT IF IT WERE LOOKED AT NOT JUST A PROBLEM THAT
ADDICTS FACE ALONE, BUT AS SOMETHING THAT AFFECTS SOCIETY AS A WHOLE.
#3
WHEN PEOPLE BURN A LOT OF FOSSIL FUELS LIKE COAL AND OIL, IT
MAKES THE EARTH GET WARMER. THIS WARMING CAUSES ICE AT
THE NORTH AND SOUTH POLES TO MELT FASTER, WHICH MAKES
THE SEA LEVELS RISE. AS A RESULT, PLACES NEAR THE OCEAN CAN
FLOOD, AND PEOPLE HAVE TO MOVE AWAY. ALSO, THE WARMER
OCEANS MAKE BIG STORMS LIKE HURRICANES AND HEATWAVES
HAPPEN MORE OFTEN AND BECOME STRONGER, CAUSING DAMAGE
TO HOMES AND MAKING IT DANGEROUS FOR PEOPLE. MOREOVER,
THE CHANGES IN WEATHER PATTERNS CAN MAKE IT HARD FOR
FARMERS TO GROW FOOD, LEADING TO LESS FOOD AVAILABLE FOR
EVERYONE. SO, BURNING FOSSIL FUELS LEADS TO GLOBAL
WARMING, WHICH THEN CAUSES PROBLEMS LIKE FLOODING,
#4
MOTHERS AND FATHERS BOTH PLAY VITAL ROLES IN
RAISING A FAMILY, YET THEY OFTEN EXHIBIT DIFFERENT
PARENTING STYLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES. MOTHERS ARE
TYPICALLY ASSOCIATED WITH NURTURING AND
EMOTIONAL SUPPORT, WHILE FATHERS ARE OFTEN SEEN AS
PROVIDERS AND DISCIPLINARIANS. DESPITE THESE
DIFFERENCES, BOTH PARENTS CONTRIBUTE UNIQUELY TO
THEIR CHILDREN'S UPBRINGING, OFFERING
COMPLEMENTARY STRENGTHS AND PERSPECTIVES IN THE
JOURNEY OF PARENTHOOD.
– COMPARISON AND CONTRAST
COMPARISON AND CONTRAST PARAGRAPH OR ESSAY EXPLAINS
HOW TWO SUBJECTS ARE SIMILAR OF DIFFERENT. FIRST, BE FAIR
AND BALANCED WITH THE TREATMENT OF THE COMPOSED OR
CONTRASTED ITEMS. SECONDLY, USE EXPRESSIONS OF
COMPARISON SUCH AS LIKE, SIMILAR TO, BOTH, AS WELL AS, AND
THE SAME AS; AND CONTRASTING TERMS SUCH AS UNLIKE,
DISSIMILAR, ALTHOUGH, BUT, HOWEVER, IN CONTRAST, ON THE
OTHER HAND, WHILE, SO THAT READER WILL KNOW WHETHER
YOU ARE COMPARING OR CONTRASTING. LASTLY, COMPARE AND
CONTRAST YOUR SUBJECTS ON IMPORTANT RATHER THAN ON
TRIVIAL POINTS.
CAUSE AND EFFECT
CAUSE AND EFFECT EXPLAINS THE REASONS (CAUSES) WHY
SOMETHING HAPPENED AND DESCRIBES THE RESULTS
(EFFECTS) OF AN EVENT, ACTION, OR CONDITION. IN DEVELOPING
YOUR TEXTS, SOME OF THE SIGNAL WORDS USED IN THIS TYPE
OF PARAGRAPH ARE THE FOLLOWING:

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