“Petroleum Systems”

“Petroleum Systems”

“Plate Tectonics”

“Seqeunce Stratigraphy”

“Integrative Petroleumology”
“Petroleum Systems”

“Plate Tectonics”

“Seqeunce Stratigraphy”

“Integrative Petroleumology”
 PS insp

The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”

“Oil is found in the minds of men”

or, more fully,

“Where oil is first found is, in the final analysis, in the

minds of men.”
Wallace E. Pratt, Chief Geologist, Humble Oil
Company;
later Vice-President of Standard Oil

Wallace E. Pratt
 PS insp

The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”

“Oil is found in the minds of men”

or, more fully,

“Where oil is first found is, in the final analysis, in the

minds of men.”
Wallace E. Pratt, Chief Geologist, Humble Oil
Company;
later Vice-President of Standard Oil

Wallace E. Pratt
 PS insp

The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”

“Oil is found in the minds of men”

or, more fully,

“Where oil is first found is, in the final analysis, in the

minds of men.”
Wallace E. Pratt, Chief Geologist, Humble Oil
Company;
later Vice-President of Standard Oil

Wallace E. Pratt
 PS insp

The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”

“Oil is found in the minds of men”

or, more fully,

“Where oil is first found is, in the final analysis, in the

minds of men.”
Wallace E. Pratt, Chief Geologist, Humble Oil
Company
Frequently cited by Michel T. Halbouty, past AAPG
president
and winner of AGI’s Legendary Geoscientist
Award

Wallace E. Pratt Michel T.

 PS insp

The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”

“Oil is found in the minds of men”

or, more fully,

“Where oil is first found is, in the final analysis, in the

minds of men.”

UGA B.S. and M.S. Grads Michelle Anderson and

 PS insp

The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”

“Oil is found in the minds of men”

or, more fully,

“Where oil is first found is, in the final analysis, in the

minds of men.”

Wallace E. Pratt, Chief Geologist, Humble Oil

Company

Less poetically,

Humans find petroleum most efficiently with a good

model
of how petroleum accumulations form.
 PS defns

The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”

A petroleum system: The integration in time and space of

source, migration, reservoir, trap, and seal.
LBR

“. . . a petroleum province can be considered as the final

result of an organized set of geologic events (in space and
in time) that can be called a petroleum system. In such a
system, the sequence of subsidence movements and
associated flows is just as decisive as lithologic and
geometric factors in the formation of a group of pools.”
Perrodon & Masse 1984

The elements of a petroleum system consist of source

rock, migration path, reservoir rock, seal, and trap, and
those elements "must be placed in time and space such
that a petroleum deposit can occur.”
Magoon 1987
Bibliography
“All of the factors which affect the processes of is on next page.
 PS defns
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol

The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”

A petroleum system: The integration in time and space of

source, migration, reservoir, trap, and seal.
LBR

“. . . a petroleum province can be considered as the final

result of an organized set of geologic events (in space and
in time) that can be called a petroleum system. In such a
system, the sequence of subsidence movements and
associated flows is just as decisive as lithologic and
geometric factors in the formation of a group of pools.”
Perrodon & Masse 1984

The elements of a petroleum system consist of source

rock, migration path, reservoir rock, seal, and trap, and
those elements "must be placed in time and space such
that a petroleum deposit can occur.”
Magoon 1987
Bibliography
“All of the factors which affect the processes of is on next page.
 PS5

A petroleum system:
The integration in time
space of source, migrat
pathway(s), reservoir(s)
trap(s), and seal(s).
 PS defns

The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”

A petroleum system: The integration in time and space of

source, migration, reservoir, trap, and seal.
LBR

“. . . a petroleum province can be considered as the final

result of an organized set of geologic events (in space and
in time) that can be called a petroleum system. In such a
system, the sequence of subsidence movements and
associated flows is just as decisive as lithologic and
geometric factors in the formation of a group of pools.”
Perrodon & Masse 1984

The elements of a petroleum system consist of source

rock, migration path, reservoir rock, seal, and trap, and
those elements "must be placed in time and space such
that a petroleum deposit can occur.”
Magoon 1987
Bibliography
“All of the factors which affect the processes of is on next page.
 PS defns

The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”

A petroleum system: The integration in time and space of

source, migration, reservoir, trap, and seal.
LBR

“. . . a petroleum province can be considered as the final

result of an organized set of geologic events (in space and
in time) that can be called a petroleum system. In such a
system, the sequence of subsidence movements and
associated flows is just as decisive as lithologic and
geometric factors in the formation of a group of pools.”
Perrodon & Masse 1984

The elements of a petroleum system consist of source

rock, migration path, reservoir rock, seal, and trap, and
those elements "must be placed in time and space such
that a petroleum deposit can occur.”
Magoon 1987
Bibliography
“All of the factors which affect the processes of is on next page.
 PS defns

The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon Machine”

A petroleum system: The integration in time and space of

source, migration, reservoir, trap, and seal.
LBR

“. . . a petroleum province can be considered as the final

result of an organized set of geologic events (in space and
in time) that can be called a petroleum system. In such a
system, the sequence of subsidence movements and
associated flows is just as decisive as lithologic and
geometric factors in the formation of a group of pools.”
Perrodon & Masse 1984

The elements of a petroleum system consist of source

rock, migration path, reservoir rock, seal, and trap, and
those elements "must be placed in time and space such
that a petroleum deposit can occur.”
Magoon 1987
Bibliography
“All of the factors which affect the processes of is on next page.
 PS refs

Perrodon, A., and P. Masse, 1984, Subsidence, sedimentation and petroleum

systems: Journal of Petroleum Geology, v. 7, n. 1, p. 5-26.

Magoon, L. B., 1987, The petroleum system—a classification scheme for

research, resource assessment, and exploration (abs.): AAPG Bulletin, v. 71, n.
5, p. 587.

Magoon, L. B., and W. G. Dow, 1994, The petroleum system, in Magoon, L. B,

and W. G. Dow, eds., The petroleum system—from source to trap: AAPG
Memoir 60, p. 3-24.

Meissner, F. F., J. Woodward, and J. L. Clayton, 1984, Stratigraphic

relationships and distribution of source rocks in the greater Rocky Mountain
region, in J. Woodward, F. F. Meissner, and J. L. Clayton, eds., Hydrocarbon
source rocks of the greater Rocky Mountain region: Denver, CO, Rocky
Mountain Association of Geologists, p. 1-34.
 PS

The “Petroleum System” and/or the “Hydrocarbon

Machine”

1. Deposition of organic-rich sediment

2. Burial of same to temperature for generation of
petroleum
3. Availability at Time 2 of migration pathway for
petroleum
4. Availability of reservoir, seal, and trap at or after Time
2.
 PS

A petroleum system: The integration in time and space of

source, migration, reservoir, trap, and seal.
LBR

“. . . a petroleum province can be considered as the final

result of an organized set of geologic events (in space and
in time) that can be called a petroleum system. In such a
system, the sequence of subsidence movements and
associated flows is just as decisive as lithologic and
geometric factors in the formation of a group of pools.”
Perrodon & Masse 1984
 Gussow

A petroleum system:
The integration in time
and space of source,
migration, reservoir,
trap(s), and seal.

Gussow, W. C., 1954, Differential

entrapment of oil and gas; a funda-
mental principle; American Associ-
ation of Petroleum Geologists
Bulletin, v. 39, p. 547-574, as re-
prised in the Oil and Gas Journal.
 Critical moment:

The critical moment is that point in time selected by the

investigator that best depicts the generation-migration-
accumulation of most hydrocarbons in a petroleum
system. A map or cross section drawn at the critical
moment best shows the geographic and stratigraphic
extent of theMagoon,
system.L.B., and W. G. Dow, 1994, The petroleum system, in Magoon, L. B, and
W. G. Dow, eds., The Petroleum System—From Source to Trap: AAPG Memoir 60, p. 3-24.
 Critical moment:

The critical moment is that point in time selected by the

investigator that best depicts the generation-migration-
accumulation of most hydrocarbons in a petroleum
system. A map or cross section drawn at the critical
moment best shows the geographic and stratigraphic
extent of theMagoon,
system.L.B., and W. G. Dow, 1994, The petroleum system, in Magoon, L. B, and
W. G. Dow, eds., The Petroleum System—From Source to Trap: AAPG Memoir 60, p. 3-24.

e critical moment is the time of source-rock maturation

d of migration of petroleum into its primary trap.
LBR
Mag & Dow Ex
PGSG PS
Arthur & Schlanger
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol
Gluyas & Swarbrick 2004
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol
Selley p. 207 (uniform geothermal gradient)
G&S page 75 & 77

Selley 1998
 Gluyas &
Swarbrick 2004
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol

Thermal Cond
versity of Georgia Department of Geology GEOL 4320/6320 Petroleum Geol

Thermal Cond
PGSG PS con
 PS ex

Reef & talus present vs. not present updip from source rocks;
res & migrn path present or not (could be opposite side of
mirror-image basin)
one side with no subsidence and thus no maturation
one side with no source rock.

Thrusting moves reservoir over younger source rock in foot

wall;
potential source in hanging wall never matures.

Simple source-migrn-res-seal system deposited but leaks updip

to seap; fault and/or salt dome (that forms downdip from growth
fault) provide traps.

Deposition of source over half of sloping deposurface; folding,

erosion, and deposition make unconformity trap, but only one
side has source beneath.

In sequential normal fault block system where source rock

covered only half of basin, some blocks have no source rock,
and some blocks have no fault seal.
Sources
North 1980

Asquith and Krygowski 2004

refs Rigzone

Assaad 2008 Schlumberger Log Interpretation P&I

AAPG Basic Well Log Analysis course notes Schlumberger Oilfielld Glossary
Baker-Hughes Atlas of Log Responses
Selley 1978, Porosity gradients in North Sea
Bjørlykke 2010 oil-bearing sandstones: Jo. Geol. Soc. London
v. 135, 119-132.
Conaway 1999

Crain’s Petrophysical Handbook Selley 1998

Glover’s Petrophysique Shell Petroleum Handbook (1983)

Gluyas & Swarbrick 2004 Shepherd 2009

Jonathan B. Martin UF class notes

Tissot & Welte (1984)

Wikipedia