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Lesson 1 - The Elements

This document discusses the elements of weather including temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind direction, wind speed, air pressure, sunshine amount, visibility, and cloud amount. It provides details on the instrument used to measure each element and its unit of measurement. The elements together make up the daily state of the weather.

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gw14asamoahpriscilla
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14 views

Lesson 1 - The Elements

This document discusses the elements of weather including temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind direction, wind speed, air pressure, sunshine amount, visibility, and cloud amount. It provides details on the instrument used to measure each element and its unit of measurement. The elements together make up the daily state of the weather.

Uploaded by

gw14asamoahpriscilla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Write the heading “Weather”.

Copy the text below as a sub-heading

Lesson 1) The Elements


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• The word ‘weather’ means the day-to-day
state of the elements.
• ‘Elements’ are the individual components
which together make up the weather.
• Each element has an instrument used to
measure it, and its own unit of
measurement.
Copy the diagram
Sunshine Air
Visibility
(amount) pressure

Temperature
Cloud
(amount)

ELEMENTS Humidity

Precipitation
Thunder

Wind
Direction Lightning
Wind
Speed
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• Temperature (how hot or


cold it is) is measured using
a Thermometer, in Degrees
Celsius.
Max./Min. Thermometers

Maximum
temperature

Minimum
temperature
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• Precipitation (rain, hail,


sleet, snow) is measured
using a Rain Gauge, in
Millimetres.
Rain Gauges

Rain water
collected in
here

Raised off
ground

Non-splash
surface
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• Humidity (how moist the air


is) is measured using a
Hygrometer. The amount of
water vapour in the air is
given as a Percentage.
Hygrometers

Piece of
soaked
material
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• Wind Direction is measured


using a Wind Vane. The
direction the wind is blowing
from is shown using the
points of the compass.
Wind Vanes
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• Wind Speed is measured


using an Anemometer, in
Knots.
Anemometers
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• Air pressure (the weight of the air


pushing down on the Earth’s
surface) is measured using a
Barometer, in Millibars.
Barographs
Needle is
pushed up
and down
by air
pressure

Air pressure
is recorded
on rotating
drum
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• Sunshine Amount is measured


using a sunshine Recorder. The
length of time the Sun shone is
measured in Hours and Minutes.
Sunshine Recorders
Glass ball
concentrates
Sun’s rays

Light-sensitive
paper is placed
behind the ball
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• Visibility (how far you can


see) is measured using your
eyes, in kilometres.
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• Cloud Amount is measured using your eyes.


The sky is given a score out of 8 e.g. 4 out
of 8 = half the sky is cloudy. The unit of
measurement is the Greek word for, “Oktas”,
so a half cloudy sky would be 4 Oktas.
Copy and complete the table below

Element Instrument Unit of Measurement


Temperature Thermometer Degrees Celsius
Wind Speed Knots
Compass Points
Precipitation Millimetres
Sunshine Recorder Hours & Minutes
Cloud Amount Eyes
Eyes Kilometres
Humidity Percentage
Air Pressure Barometer

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