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01 Introduction of CCM

Cross-cultural management is a field based on theories from cross-cultural psychology, international business, organizational behavior, human resources, and anthropology. It has become increasingly important due to globalization, as most large companies now have international business relations, employees, and stakeholders from different cultures. Managing cultural diversity can help organizations gain a better understanding of other cultures and the consequences of different cultures working together. Cross-cultural management priorities may differ across cultures - for example, individualism and competition are prioritized in the US, while belonging, group harmony, and cooperation are prioritized in Japan and Arab countries. Management approaches are also affected by cultural diversity in areas such as decision making, risk tolerance, rewards, time orientation,

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19 views

01 Introduction of CCM

Cross-cultural management is a field based on theories from cross-cultural psychology, international business, organizational behavior, human resources, and anthropology. It has become increasingly important due to globalization, as most large companies now have international business relations, employees, and stakeholders from different cultures. Managing cultural diversity can help organizations gain a better understanding of other cultures and the consequences of different cultures working together. Cross-cultural management priorities may differ across cultures - for example, individualism and competition are prioritized in the US, while belonging, group harmony, and cooperation are prioritized in Japan and Arab countries. Management approaches are also affected by cultural diversity in areas such as decision making, risk tolerance, rewards, time orientation,

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INTRODUCTION

CROSS-CULTURAL
MANAGEMENT

Manajemen Lintas Budaya


Semester Ganjil 2021/2022
2

WHAT IS CROSS-CULTURAL
MANAGEMENT
CCM is a fairly new field that is based on theories and research
from:
Cross Cultural Psychology
International Business
Organizational Behaviour
Human Resources
Anthropology
Globalization

3
GLOBALIZATION
Like it or not, globalization is here…to stay.
Most large companies have some kind of business relations
with customers, companies, employees or various stakeholders
in other countries…and cultures. (global corporations).
Many employees and managers deal with people from other
cultures on a constant basis.
Most of us have a close experience with only one or two
cultures.
We do not understand people from other cultures as readily
and intuitively as people from our own culture.
Cross cultural management helps organization members to
gain better understanding of other cultures, of their culture and
of the consequences of people from different cultures working
together.

4
HOW CAN WE
EXPLORE CULTURE?

Figure 1.1 Navigating the seas of international business


Source: Adapted from Schneider and Barsoux (2003: 21)
PRIORITIES OF CULTURAL
VALUES

United States Japan Arab Countries


1. Freedom 1. Belonging 1. Family security
2. Independence 2. Group harmony 2. Family harmony
3. Self-reliance 3. Collectiveness 3. Parental guidance
4. Equality 4. Age/seniority 4. Age
5. Individualism 5. Group consensus 5. Authority
6. Competition 6. Cooperation 6. Compromise
7. Efficiency 7. Quality 7. Devotion
8. Time 8. Patience 8. Patience
9. Directness 9. Indirectness 9. Indirectness
10. Openness 10. Go-between 10. Hospitality

6
MANAGEMENT APPROACHES
AFFECTED BY CULTURAL
DIVERSITY
Centralized vs.
Decentralized Cultural Informal vs.
formal procedures
decision making
Diversity
Safety vs. risk High vs. low
organizational
loyalty

Individual vs.
group rewards Cooperation vs.
competition

Short-term vs. Stability vs.


long-term innovation
horizons

7
NEXT WEEK
1. Baca Introduction to Part 1 dan Chapter 1
2. Buat tugas “Who am I ?”

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