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Cdi 4 Skidmarks Report

Skidmarks can provide important information for traffic accident investigations. Measuring skidmarks can give an idea of how fast a vehicle was traveling before an accident and help with convictions. Factors like vehicle speed, road conditions, weight, and tires affect skidding distance. Police procedures for analyzing skidmarks may include measuring marks at an accident scene, conducting vehicle tests to correlate skidmark lengths with speeds, and using formulas to calculate speeds from skidmark distances and road factors. Skidmarks are one tool that can be analyzed along with test data and calculations to help determine vehicle speeds in accident reconstruction.

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Great uncle Sabuero
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244 views13 pages

Cdi 4 Skidmarks Report

Skidmarks can provide important information for traffic accident investigations. Measuring skidmarks can give an idea of how fast a vehicle was traveling before an accident and help with convictions. Factors like vehicle speed, road conditions, weight, and tires affect skidding distance. Police procedures for analyzing skidmarks may include measuring marks at an accident scene, conducting vehicle tests to correlate skidmark lengths with speeds, and using formulas to calculate speeds from skidmark distances and road factors. Skidmarks are one tool that can be analyzed along with test data and calculations to help determine vehicle speeds in accident reconstruction.

Uploaded by

Great uncle Sabuero
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lesson 5.

6
Skidmark as a Tool in
Traffic Accident
Investigation
Sabuero, Buhian, Badilla
Skidmark
Skidmarks as a tool in traffic investigation:
● Measurement of skidmarks gives idea on how fast the car
which left these marks was going prior to the accident
● Estimates based on skidmarks may lead to convictions

Skidmark: the sudden application of brakes which results to the


locked wheel condition. When this condition exists, the wheels
skid
Other Tire Marks

Centrifugal Skid Mark Impending Skid Mark Yawn Mark


A marking on a roadway left by a Marks caused by wforward rotation A scuffmark made while a vehicle
rotating wheel and wheel of a of the wheels being slower than the yawning the mark made on the road
speeding vehicle on a curve forward movement of vehicle

Skip mark Side Skid Mark Gap Skid


A braking skid mark interrupted at Also known as scuff mark, it is a A braking skid mark interrupted by
frequent regular intervals roadway marking left by the tire and release and reapplication of brakes
the wheel of a vehicle sliding
sideways as a result of force other
than centrifugal force
Other Marks and Impression

Ruts Gouge Paint strips


A sunken trackworn by a wheel A groove made by a hard part of When a vehicle collided with
as in road a motor vehicle to another car other object, sometimes
after side sweeping each other transfers its paint to the other
object
Skid Marks

Skid marks as evidence in Things that determine


accident cases skidding distance
Skidmarks aid in determining the speed Speed itself is by far the most the most
prior to the accident or collision important; slipperiness of the pavement; and
grade or slope of the road whether road up
or down
Other factors that affect
skidding
● Break pedal pressure: when wheels are actually sliding,
additional brake pedal pressure will not make the stop any
quicker
● Weight of the car: makes a great difference in stopping
distance before the wheels lock
● Tire thread: a smooth tire with deep thread will stop the
car in about the same distance
● Air pressure: makes a very slight difference in stopping
distance
● Tire material: there is a slight difference between tires
made of synthetic and those that are natural rubber
● Road surface: surface such as mud, snow, ice, etc,.
● Direction of slide: makes a slight but unimportant
difference
● Temperature of air: make some difference
● Against head wind: not a matter of great importance
Facts Needed
Example:

Coefficient of friction drag


factor
It is the measurement of the maximum
frictional resistance
Formula:
Facts Needed

Grade or Slope (Gradient) Reaction Time


This is the degree of inclination or This is the distance traveled before applying
declination of the road. It is quicker to stop the brakes
uphill than on level road and downhill road.
Formula: x speed= length in feet covered
Formula: f= horizontal distance before brake works
vertical rise or fall
PNP procedures
Procedure followed by the PNP
● The officer submits evidence
● Some police departments have their officers skid a vehicle
to a stop from speed limit
● Some would draw conclusions from tests based on physical
calculation
● Measurement of skid marks
Basic Principles in Calculating Speeds from Skidmarks

Energy and Vehicle Speed Stopping a Motor Vehicle


An Automobile moving at any speed Whenever a moving vehicle is stopped, the
possesses energy energy which it posseses at that time must be
expended or spent

Test Runs
It is often necessary to conduct speed runs
using the vehicle involved in the accident
Speed Calculation Formulas
Where:
S= speed
F= coefficient of friction
f= grade or super elevation
D= distance
Example:
A driver of Toyota Tamaraw FX while
traversing down along Marcos Highway
suddenly steps on the brake when a young
boy ran across the vehicle’s path. In the
process, the vehicle skidded before hitting
the boy. When the skid mark is measured,
it yields 50 ft. long markings. Applying
the formulas for speed calculations, find
the approximate speed of the Toyota
Tamaraw FX before it skidded: 1) the skid
mark of the vehicle when tested is at 30
mph is 35 ft. and 2) vertical fall of the
highway is 1.5 ft.
Thanks
Do you have any questions?

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