PATTERN OF

DEVELOPMENT
QUARTER 3- MODULE 1
PRACTICE TEACHER:
MRS. MARILOU E. REYES
 PATTERN OF DEVELOPMENT
• The logical arrangement of ideas.
• Refers to the way an essay is organized from one
paragraph to the next. It serves to present the
essay’s thesis and the relevant supporting evidence
in a coherent and meaningful manner
 NARRATION
• It is a sequence of events, not necessarily arranged
in chronological order, told by narrator , happening
in particular place at a particular time.
• Is creating a world based on the writers
imagination.
• It is also revisiting a world based on the authors
memory.
 Signal words for Narration
• about, after, afterwards, as soon, as, at this/that point,
tomorrow , until
• before, during, eventually, finally first, immediately, when
• in the , meantime later, meanwhile, next week, next,
presently
• prior to, second, soon, then till, today
 List down the signal words that indicate
narration. Then note down the important details
• Ondoy began to develop from an active low pressure area to a tropical
cyclone on September 24, 2009. The following day, PAGASA raised
storm signals all over the Philippine archipelago. At that point, signal
no. 2 was raised in Catanduanes and other parts of Luzon. By Saturday
morning, reports of flooding started to pour in. Meanwhile, President
Arroyo declared a state of calamity in Metro Manila. Immediately after
President Arroyo’s declaration, various government agencies began the
rescue and relief operations. As soon as Typhoon Ondoy exited the
Philippines, more and more relief and rescue operations were conducted
 DEFINITION
• This pattern explains the information using
illustrations, examples, and descriptions.
• Using definition to develop an idea helps to clarify
and explain concepts by answering the question
“What does it mean?”
SIGNAL WORDS FOR DEFINITION

• is define, as defined
• means, refers to
• to define , to illustrate
 List down the signal words that indicate
definition. Then note down the important details
• Social engineering is defined as any method which tricks
people to share personal information using technology. The
‘social’ component in this scheme means that there is reliance
on various psychological tricks and on the gullibility of users
rather than technical hacking. Social engineering also refers
to various malicious acts online such as phishing, spamming,
and pretexting.
 EXEMPLIFICATION
• An exemplification pattern presents the
general statement and then provides specific
and concrete examples to expound on the main
idea. Simply put, this pattern is used to
provide an example of something.
 SIGNAL WORDS FOR
EXEMPLIFICATION
• after all ,as an example, consider the following, for
example, namely
• specifically, for instance, in other words ,in
particular ,in short ,to illustrate
• stated differently, that is ,to be specific, to clarify
 List down the signal words that indicate
exemplification. Then note down the important details

• While the internet offers so many benefits to man, it also has its
downsides. One of these is phishing, which refers to the act of obtaining
personal information, such as passwords and credit card details,
through online means. In other words, phishing is a form of cybercrime.
As an example, let us consider the case of Mr. X. he received an email
stating that his Gmail account has been compromised and that he
needed to click a link to update personal information. If Mr. X clicks on
the link, his personal information will be illegally acquired by
cybercriminals.
 DESCRIPTION
• A descriptive paragraph basically provides details
on the idea by using either a sensory or spatial
pattern. Through a sensory pattern, ideas are
arranged based on one or all of the five senses. A
spatial pattern, on the other hand, arranges ideas by
location or physical space.
 The following signal words
• above, across , adjacent to ,against, along ,alongside ,amidst
• around, away from, back of ,behind, below, beneath, beside
• between, beyond, by ,down, farther ,here ,in
• in front of, inside, into ,near ,off ,on ,on top of
• onto, opposite to ,outside ,over ,throughout ,to the right,
under
 List down the signal word(s) that indicate
description..
• A laptop is one of the greatest inventions of the modern era. It is a lightweight device that can
save a vast amount of information. The screen, touchpad, speakers, keyboard, battery, and
AC adapter are the basic parts of a laptop. The most noticeable part of a laptop is its screen,
which is responsible for displaying information. Another major component is the keyboard.
On it are the keys needed to enter data into the computer. Near the keyboard you will find a
smooth, rectangular surface which acts like a desktop computer mouse – this is the touchpad.
At the bottom part of this rectangular surface, you will see buttons that operate like a mouse
button. Below the keyboard and touchpad, built into the laptop itself are the speakers which
allow you to hear sounds and music. Found at the back of the keyboard is the battery; it
serves as the lifeline of the computer. Finally, a laptop also comes with an AC adapter which
charges the battery and serves as the source of electric power when it is plugged in.
 Comparison and Contrast
• A comparison and contrast pattern organizes ideas
based on how the events, places, people, things, and
concepts are similar to or different from one
another.
 Signal words for Comparison

• Also, as, both

• equally, in a similar fashion, in comparison
• In the same way, like, likewise
• Similarly, to compare
 Signal words for Contrasting

• although, and yet, as opposed to, but, conversely

despite, even so, even though, in contrast, in spite of,
in the meantime instead, however, nevertheless,
nonetheless, on the contrary, on the other hand
otherwise, still, the fact remains, unlike, whereas ,
yet
 List down the signal words
• Are you not sure yet which phone to buy? To help you decide, this review will
inspect the basic similarities and differences of the flagship phones of two giant
companies: Apples iPhone 6 and Samsung’s Galaxy S5. Both brag to be the best
smart phones in the market to date. While these state-of-the-art phones have
similarities in the form of sleek design, multi-touch touch screen, and multimedia
features, they have their distinctive features as well. First, Galaxy S5 has a larger
screen at 5.1 inches as compared to iPhone 6’s 4.7 inches. As for the operating
system, iPhone 6 uses iOS(8x) while S5 uses Android (5.0, 2.4.2). In terms of the
camera, S5 has a 2.1megapixel front-facing camera which is higher than iPhone’s
1.2 megapixels. Unlike S5, iPhone’s battery is not user replaceable and has a shorter
talk time, but when it comes to built-in storage, iPhone 6 outperforms S5. Now that
you know the basic differences of the two phones, you can decide!
 Classification and Division

• A classification pattern organizes ideas into

categories or divisions based on criteria and
standards. This pattern can be used when classifying
people, things, places, and other items.
 Signal words for Classification and
Division
• another, another kind, classified as, final type
one kind, the first category, the last group, the
next part
 List down the signal words
• Earthquakes can be classified into three main types based on the plate
movements. The first type is known as a convergent boundary. Also
known as destructive plate boundary, this type of earthquake happens
when two tectonic plates move toward one another and collide. The
second type of earthquake is called divergent boundary. During this type
of earthquake, two plates are forced to move away from each other
resulting in a rift zone. The last type is called the conservative plate
boundary or transform fault. During this type of earthquake, two
tectonic plates slide past one another.
 Cause and Effect
• A cause-effect pattern organizes details based on the cause,
the reason, and the result or consequences of a certain
phenomenon. This pattern may discuss both the causes and
effects, the causes only, or the effects only.
 Signal Words for Causes

• as, because (of the fact), being that, due to (the fact
that), for, for the reason that, in that in view of (the
fact), inasmuch as, one reason, owing to (the fact),
seeing that, since
 Signal Words for Effects

• accordingly, as a consequence, as a result (of

this), because (of this), consequently, for this
reason, hence In consequence, so, so much (so)
that, so that, therefore, thus
 List down the signal words
• The advancement in technology and economy has created major changes in modern
society. One of these changes is globalization. As we know, globalization has affected
the world in many ways. First, it served as a catalyst to worldwide trading, thus
allowing countries to access foreign products. Although this had positive effects, it also
posed a real threat to the merchandise of local traders. Second, globalization affected
the financial market. As a result, different countries had more access to funds, and the
exchange in national currencies dramatically increased. Finally, globalization also led
the privatization of various facilities, such as public health institutions. These
institutions were being privatized due to the idea that the private sector can better
manage and provide health services. In consequence, health policies become more and
more of a commodity on a global scale.
 Problem-solution

• A problem-solution pattern organizes ideas into

problems and proposed solutions. The problem
section usually includes what, who, when, where,
why, and how of the problem.
 Signal words for Problem-solution

• but, first, second, nonetheless, one reason for the one

solution is, one way is, the problem, the solution
 List down the signal words
Today, most of the energy resources we have generated from coal, oil, and natural gas.
However, these resources are limited. If continuously consumed at an alarming rate,
fossils necessary for generating power to operate vehicles and factories will run out
before long. Nonetheless, this problem can be resolved using alternative sources of
energy and conservation efforts. First, using alternative sources of energy such as solar
energy and fusion energy would lessen pollution. These alternatives are actually more
accessible and cost-efficient. Although there are some potential risks in using fusion
energy, these risks can be mitigated by implementing strict safety measures. The second
solution that governments can adopt is the enhancement of conservation efforts. To do
this, governments need to make public more aware of the benefits of conservation, as well
as ways of conserving energy, such as recycling. Laws can also be passed to mandate the
public and all stakeholders to recycle energy.
 Persuasion
• A persuasion pattern organizes ideas to show how a set of
evidence leads to a logical conclusion or argument.
Specifically, this pattern presents the issue, position, and the
supporting evidence that supports the position.
Signal Words for Emphasizing a Point

• again, for this reason, in fact, in that case, indeed to

emphasize, to repeat, truly, with this in mind
 Signal Words for Concluding and
Summarizing
• accordingly, all in all, as a result, as I have said, consequently, due to,
finally, in any event, in brief, in conclusion in short, in summary,
inevitably, on the whole, since, in essence, in a nutshell, therefore,
thus, to sum up
 Signal Words for Conceding a Point

• admittedly, assuredly, certainly, granted, it is true

that, needless to say, no doubt obviously, of course,
to be sure, true, undoubtedly, unquestionably
 List down the signal words
• Euthanasia or mercy killing has been a widely debated issue. It is an act to end a
person’s life to alleviate the suffering brought about by a terminal or grave
illness. While it may be supported by some, mercy killing is not only an unethical
medical practice, it is also a crime. After all, on the most basic level, euthanasia
still takes a life. In fact, majority of the countries in the world, including those
that have legalized it, consider it as homicide. Aside from being a crime,
euthanasia is unethical in the medical context because it violates the principle of
“primum non nocore” which means “first, do no harm.” In their code of ethics,
doctors have responsibility of saving lives, not destroying them, which is why
euthanasia can never be acceptable.
Task 1 Directions: Read the following statements very carefully. Choose one pattern of
paragraph development from the box that best describes the statement. Write your
answers in your activity notebook

• 1. It organizes ideas to show how a set of evidence leads to a logical conclusion or

argument.
• 2. The author's purpose in this pattern of paragraph development is to show similarities
and differences.
• 3. It provides specific details about what something looks, smells, tastes, sounds, or feels
like. 4. It is telling a story. 5. This pattern is used to provide an example of something. 6. It
organizes ideas into categories or divisions based on criteria and standards. 7. It organizes
ideas into problems and proposed solutions. 8. It organizes details based on the cause, the
reason, and the result or consequences of a certain phenomenon. 9. It clarifies and explains
concepts by answering the question “What does it mean?’ 10. It is the process of
enumerating or giving examples
• 5. This pattern is used to provide an example of something.
• 6. It organizes ideas into categories or divisions based on criteria and
standards.
• 7. It organizes ideas into problems and proposed solutions.
• 8. It organizes details based on the cause, the reason, and the result or
consequences of a certain phenomenon.
• 9. It clarifies and explains concepts by answering the question “What
does it mean?’ 10. It is the process of enumerating or giving examples