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Congential Renal Atrophy

Congenital renal atrophy, also known as renal hypoplasia, is a kidney disorder where the kidneys are abnormally small at birth with a reduced number of nephrons. It can be caused by lower blood supply to the kidneys, loss of nephrons, chronic infection, blockages, or genetic factors. Symptoms may include changes in urination, itchiness, swelling, and electrolyte abnormalities. Diagnosis involves tests like ultrasound, CT scan, MRI, and blood and urine tests. Treatment focuses on diet modification, medication management, and dialysis or kidney transplantation for severe cases.

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Muhammad Saqlain
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103 views12 pages

Congential Renal Atrophy

Congenital renal atrophy, also known as renal hypoplasia, is a kidney disorder where the kidneys are abnormally small at birth with a reduced number of nephrons. It can be caused by lower blood supply to the kidneys, loss of nephrons, chronic infection, blockages, or genetic factors. Symptoms may include changes in urination, itchiness, swelling, and electrolyte abnormalities. Diagnosis involves tests like ultrasound, CT scan, MRI, and blood and urine tests. Treatment focuses on diet modification, medication management, and dialysis or kidney transplantation for severe cases.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Saqlain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CONGENITAL RENAL

ATROPHY
Sadiasaeed
Definition
• Renal atrophy is a kidney disorder where the
kidneys are relatively small in comparison to
the gender, age and body weight of the patient.
Congenital renal atrophy also known as renal
hypo plasia. Which can be described as
congenitally small kidneys with a reduced
number of nephrons but normal architecture.
Cause…
• Lower blood supply to the kidney
• Loss of nephrons which are the basic working
units of the kidneys.
• Chronic infection
• Blockage of the kidney can also result in
kidney atrophy
• Part of kidney does not develop from birth.
Causes
• Kidney damage can start suddenly, such as when the
kidney is severely injured or exposed to toxins.
• Atrophic kidney may also be due to or associated
with another medical condition, such as:
• antiphospholipid syndrome
• infection, such as tuberculosis
• metabolic syndrome
• narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis)
• narrowing of the renal arteries (atherosclerotic renal
artery stenosis)
Conti….
• cancer
• diabetes
• a family history of kidney disease
• heart disease
• High blood pressureobstruction of the urinary
tract
• sickle cell disease
Sign + Symptoms
• The kidneys filter waste products from the blood and remove
excess water from the body. They also play important roles in
the regulation of blood pressure.
• In the early stages of kidney disease, you might not realize
anything is wrong. It can take as much as a 30 to 40 percent
loss of function for symptoms to appear. As the kidneys
become less able to filter the blood, you may notice:
• changes in frequency of urination
• darkening skin
• drowsiness
• itchiness
• loss of appetite
Conti…
• muscle cramps
• nausea and vomiting
• swelling of the hands and feet
• Other signs of atrophic kidney include:
• acidosis
• anorexia
• high creatinine concentration
• electrolyte abnormalities
• malnutrition
• Your specific symptoms may depend on the reason for the
kidney damage.
Diagnosis
• Ultrasound
• CT
• MRI
• Blood test
• Urine test
• Biopsy
Treatment
• Cut down on sodium
• This will help control your blood pressure.
The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidn
ey Disease (NIDDK)Trusted Source
recommends a diet containing less than 2,300 milligrams
of sodium per day.
• Choose fresh foods rather than packaged foods whenever
possible.
• When using canned foods, rinse before cooking or serving.
• When shopping, check labels for sodium content.
• Opt for home cooking in place of restaurants and fast
foods.
• When preparing food, replace salt with other seasonings.
Conti..
• Pay attention to protein
• The more protein you eat, the harder your kidneys have to work. But
you do need some protein. You can get it from animal products such as:
• chicken
• dairy
• eggs
• fish
• meat
• Portion size matters, too. A portion of chicken, fish, or meat is 2 to 3
ounces. A portion of yogurt or milk is half a cup. One slice of cheese is a
portion.
• You can also get protein from beans, grains, and nuts. A portion of
cooked beans, rice, or noodles is half a cup. A portion of nuts is a quarter
of a cup. One slice of bread is a portion.
Conti…
• Take care of your heart
• Heart-healthy foods help keep fat from accumulating in your
heart, blood vessels, and kidneys. Incorporate the following
tips for a more heart-healthy diet:
• Skip deep-fried foods in favor of those that are baked, grilled,
roasted, or stir-fried.
• Cook with olive oil instead of butter.
• Limit saturated and trans fats.
• Some good choices are:
• fruits and vegetables
• beans
Conti
• alcohol
• Here are a few other tips:
• Try to exercise for at least 30 minutes on most days.
• Maintain a healthy weight.
• Try to get seven to eight hours of sleep every night.
• Don’t smoke tobacco products.
• Take medication as prescribed.
• Monitor your cholesterol levels.
• Have urinary tract infections (UTIs) treated as quickly as possible.
• If not improve then
• Dailysis
• Kidney transplantation

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