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Osi Model

The OSI model consists of 7 layers, with each layer performing a specific function in network communication. The physical layer transmits raw bits of data and deals with physical interfaces and media. The data link layer handles framing of data and error control. The network layer provides logical addressing and routing of packets between devices. The transport layer manages reliable transmission of data through functions like segmentation, error control, and flow control. The session layer establishes and synchronizes interactions between systems. The presentation layer converts data between different encoding formats. The application layer provides user-facing services like email and file transfer.

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Nimmi Devi
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10 views

Osi Model

The OSI model consists of 7 layers, with each layer performing a specific function in network communication. The physical layer transmits raw bits of data and deals with physical interfaces and media. The data link layer handles framing of data and error control. The network layer provides logical addressing and routing of packets between devices. The transport layer manages reliable transmission of data through functions like segmentation, error control, and flow control. The session layer establishes and synchronizes interactions between systems. The presentation layer converts data between different encoding formats. The application layer provides user-facing services like email and file transfer.

Uploaded by

Nimmi Devi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OSI MODEL

• OSI  Open System Interconnection


• OSI consists of seven layers, and each layer performs a particular network function.
• OSI Developed-----ISO in 1984, and it is now considered as an architectural model for the inter-
computer communications.
• OSI model divides the whole task into seven smaller and manageable tasks. Each layer is assigned
a particular task.
Services
• Provides peer to peer logical services
• Standards for communication between system
• Each layer should perform a well defined function
Physical Layer
 Lowest layer of the OSI model
 Co-ordinates the functions required to transmit a bit stream over
the channel
 The physical layer contains information in the form of bits. It is
responsible for transmitting individual bits from one node to the
next. When receiving data, this layer will get the signal received
and convert it into 0s and 1s and send them to the Data Link layer,
which will put the frame back together.
 FUNCTIONS
 Representation of bits-Encodes the bit Stream in to a signal
 Data rate-Defines the duration of bit
 Synchronization of bits-Transmission rate and receiving rate -same
 Physical Characteristics of interface and media-design issue of phy
layer
Data link layer
• Transmitting frames from one node to next node
• Error free link to upper layer
FUNCTIONS
 Framing- Divides in to manageable data units
 Physical addressing-adds a header to the frame
 Flow control
 Error control
 Access control-multiple devices are connected to
same link , DLL determines which devices has
control over link
Network Layer
Responsible for the delivery of Packets from source to destination
FUNCTIONS:
 Logical addressing-To identify each device on Internetwork
uniquely, the network layer defines an addressing scheme. The
sender & receiver’s IP addresses are placed in the header by the
network layer.
 Routing-The network layer protocols determine which route is
suitable from source to destination. This function of the network
layer is known as routing.
Transport Layer
• Responsible for delivery of messages from one process to another
• It receives the data from the upper layer and converts them into
smaller units known as segments.
• This layer can be termed as an end-to-end layer as it provides a point-
to-point connection between source and destination to deliver the data
reliably.
FUNCTIONS
 Segmentation and reassembly-msg is divided in to segments – it
contains a sequence number which enables the transport layer
 Connection Control-connection oriented or connection less
 Flow control
 Error Control
Session Layer

• Network Dialog Controller


• Establishes and Synchronize the interaction between
Communication systems
FUNCTIONS
 Dialog Control-either half duplex or full duplex
 Synchronization
Presentation Layer
• A Presentation layer is mainly concerned with the syntax and
semantics of the information exchanged between the two system
• data translator for a network.
• It converts the data from one presentation format to another
format.
• syntax layer.
FUNCTIONS
 Translation-Different computers used different encoding system
 Encryption-privacy while transmission
 Compression-compress the data
Application Layer
• Accessing the network by user
• Provides user interfaces and other supporting services- email,
remote file access
FUNCTIONS
Network Virtual Terminal: It allows a user to log on to a remote
host.
FTAM- File transfer access and management : This application
allows a user to access file in a remote host, retrieve files in remote
host and manage orcontrol files from a remote computer.
Mail Services : Provide email service.
Directory Services : This application provides distributed database
sources and access for global information about various objects and
services.

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