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Blasting - Safely - Part 2

This document provides guidance on safely preparing and using blast designs for rock quarrying. It outlines characteristics to identify in overburden material and rock hardness. It also describes determining the appropriate blast hole size, pattern, explosive type, burden, spacing, stemming, and powder factor based on the material and production needs. Scaled distance factors are defined to compute safe explosive weights based on distance.

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Joby Thomas
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30 views3 pages

Blasting - Safely - Part 2

This document provides guidance on safely preparing and using blast designs for rock quarrying. It outlines characteristics to identify in overburden material and rock hardness. It also describes determining the appropriate blast hole size, pattern, explosive type, burden, spacing, stemming, and powder factor based on the material and production needs. Scaled distance factors are defined to compute safe explosive weights based on distance.

Uploaded by

Joby Thomas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Blasting safely with proper

techniques
Module Two
Preparing and using blast design.
• (a) Identify characteristics of overburden-material which
lies above the deposit of material desired. Rock quarry
may identify this as waste.
• (b) Hard to break rock looks regular in shape and easy
to break rock looks shattered and broken. Drill
penetration is a good indication of hardness. If drill
penetrates 4 to 5 feet per minute the rock is soft. If drill
vibrates and is noisy rock is hard.
• (c) Determine the size and drill pattern of the blast.
Three common patterns are square, rectangle, and
staggered. Keep blasting rate up with the production
rate. When choosing patterns know faces and cuts, and
know order of shot.
• (d) Choose the type of blasting agent or explosives.
Most important is if hole is wet or dry. Bulk ANFO is
most common.
• (e) Benching - the process of excavating where
terraces or ledges are worked in step patterns.
• (f) Burden =2.5xHole diameter, or, B=30xd/12 can be
24,30,36
• (g) spacing=1.5x burden, or, s=bx1.2 to 1.8
• (h) stemming=.7xburden, or, st=.7 to 1.x burden
• (i) powder factor=pounds of powder/cubic yards of rock.
• (j) compute scaled distance factor- w=(d/ds)2 w=weight
of explosives. D=distance in feet. Ds=scaled distance
on chart. 0-301 feet is 50. 301-5000 feet is 55. 5001
feet and beyond is 65.

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