Scribd
Upload
5 views

Cot2 2024

Refraction is the bending of light that occurs when passing from one medium to another of different optical density. Some examples of refraction in daily life include the blue sky, red sunsets, rainbows, and objects appearing shallower in deep water. The speed and direction that light travels depends on the properties of the materials through which it passes, with denser materials having a higher refractive index and bending light more. Total internal reflection occurs when light passes from an optically rarer medium to a denser one at an angle greater than the critical angle.

Uploaded by

Vincent Franciz Fernandez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
5 views

Cot2 2024

Refraction is the bending of light that occurs when passing from one medium to another of different optical density. Some examples of refraction in daily life include the blue sky, red sunsets, rainbows, and objects appearing shallower in deep water. The speed and direction that light travels depends on the properties of the materials through which it passes, with denser materials having a higher refractive index and bending light more. Total internal reflection occurs when light passes from an optically rarer medium to a denser one at an angle greater than the critical angle.

Uploaded by

Vincent Franciz Fernandez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 45

Guess the word

TIONFERRAC
Guess the word

REFRACTION
Guess the word

ECNEDICNI
Guess the word

INCIDENCE
Guess the word

MDIMEU
Guess the word

MEDIUM
Guess the word

NEBD
Guess the word

BEND
Refraction of light
Vincent Franciz T. Fernandez
REFRACTION
• When light travels obliquely from one transparent medium into another it gets bent.
This bending of light is called refraction of light.
EXAMPLES OF
REFRACTION

RAINBOWS

When sunlight enters


raindrops, it refracts and
disperses to form the
colorful bands of a rainbow
emerging from the drops.
EXAMPLES OF REFRACTION

DIAMONDS

The sparkle of diamonds results from the refraction


and reflection of light inside the gemstone that
dazzles the eye.
EXAMPLES OF
REFRACTION

STRAWS IN WATER

When a straw is placed in


water, the refracted light
makes the straw seem bent at
the point where it enters the
water.
INDEX OF REFRACTION
• Like any wave, the speed of a light wave is dependent upon the properties of the
medium

• In the case of an electromagnetic wave, the speed of the wave depends upon the
optical density of that material.

• One indicator of the optical density of a material is the index of refraction


value of the material.
INDEX OF REFRACTION
• A higher the index of refraction of a material means that light will travel
slower in that material compared to a material with lower index of refraction.

• The change in the speed of light as passes onto another medium is what causes the
light to bend.

• Refraction will not occur if the incident ray lies on the normal line.
Laws of refraction of
light

• The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal


to the interface of two transparent media at the
point of incidence, all lie in the same plane.

• The ratio of the sine of angle of incidence to the


sine of angle of refraction is a constant, for the
light of a given color and for the given pair of
media. (This law is also known as Snell`s law of
refraction)
The Angle of Refraction

• The angle that the incident ray makes


with the normal line is referred to as
the angle of incidence. Similarly, the
angle that the refracted ray makes with
the normal line is referred to as the
angle of refraction. The angle of
incidence and angle of refraction are
denoted by the following symbols:
Snell’s Law
Internal Reflection
• When light travels from a slow medium to a fast medium, the angle of refraction is
larger than the angle of incidence.

• When the angle of refraction is 90o or greater, there is total internal reflection.

• The incident angle which predicts a 90o refraction angle is called the critical angle

• n1sin qc = n2 sin 90o

• n1sin qc = n2

• sin qc = n2 / n1

• qc = sin-1(n2 / n1)
What is refraction?
REFRACTION
Refraction of light is the bending of light caused by the change in its speed, as
it passes through the boundary of two media at an angle.
What causes refraction?
What causes refraction?
Refraction is caused by the change in the light's speed as it travels from one
medium to another.
Does refraction always happen when light
crosses a boundary of two different media?
Does refraction always happen when light
crosses a boundary of two different media?
No, refraction doesnot happen when the incident ray is perpendicular to the
boundary.
What are some examples of light
refraction in daily life?
What are some examples of light
refraction in daily life?
• Blue sky

• Red sunset

• Rainbows

• Deep water looking shallow when viewed from the surface


BLUE SKY
• As white light passes through our atmosphere, tiny air molecules cause it to ‘scatter’. The scattering caused by
these tiny air molecules (known as Rayleigh scattering) increases as the wavelength of light decreases.

• Violet and blue light have the shortest wavelengths and red light has the longest. Therefore, blue light is
scattered more than red light and the sky appears blue during the day.

• When the Sun is low in the sky during sunrise and sunset, the light has to travel further through the Earth’s
atmosphere. We don’t see the blue light because it gets scattered away, but the red light isn’t scattered very
much – so the sky appears red.
Rainbows

• A rainbow requires water


droplets to be floating in
the air. That's why we see
them right after it rains.
The Sun must be behind you
and the clouds cleared away
from the Sun for the
rainbow to appear.
Rainbows
• Do you know the word for
rainbow in chavacano?

It’s Arcoíris

What are some other


translations of the word
rainbow do you know?
Rainbows

• Cebuano > balangaw

• Tausug > bāngaw


Rainbows

• Does anyone here belong to


indigenous groups?

• What beliefs or
superstitions do you have
about rainbows?
How can we determine the speed of light in a
material?
• The speed of light (v) in a material is determined using the speed of light in a
vacuum (c) and the index of refraction (n) of the material.

• v = c/n
back to our simple
experiment,
What do you think
caused the arrow to
seem to change
direction?
What do you think When light passes through the water, it
bends/refracts which causes the arrow to look like its
caused the arrow to pointing in another

seem to change
direction?
Why does light bend when it changes
medium?
Light bends or refracts because its speed changes
when passes from one medium to another.
Why does light bend when it changes
medium?
Evaluation
a. The bending of light when it passes
1. What is refraction? through different mediums
b. The reflection of light off a surface
c. The absorption of light by a material
d. The dispersion of light into its
component colors
Evaluation

2. Which of the a. The color of light


b. The temperature of the medium
following factors c. The speed of light
affects the degree of d. The frequency of light
refraction?
Evaluation

3. When does total a. When light travels from a rarer medium


to a denser medium
internal reflection b. When the angle of incidence is greater
occur? than the critical angle
c. When light passes through a transparent
medium
d. When light reflects off a rough surface
a. Air
b. Water
c. Glass
d. Diamond

Evaluation
4. Which of the following materials has the highest refractive index?
a. Air
b. Water
c. Glass
d. Diamond

Evaluation
5. Which material bends light the most?
For your assignment, I want you to
do an
advanced reading about Snell’s law

Assignment

You might also like