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Week4 Heredity Inheritance-And-Variation DNA

The document describes the structures and functions of DNA and RNA. DNA and RNA are nucleic acids that serve as the primary carriers of genetic information. They are made up of nucleotides, which contain a phosphate group, 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA), and a nitrogenous base. The three main types of RNA are messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA). mRNA carries instructions from DNA for protein assembly, rRNA is a major part of ribosomes where proteins are made, and tRNA transfers amino acids during protein synthesis.

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35 views

Week4 Heredity Inheritance-And-Variation DNA

The document describes the structures and functions of DNA and RNA. DNA and RNA are nucleic acids that serve as the primary carriers of genetic information. They are made up of nucleotides, which contain a phosphate group, 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA), and a nitrogenous base. The three main types of RNA are messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA). mRNA carries instructions from DNA for protein assembly, rRNA is a major part of ribosomes where proteins are made, and tRNA transfers amino acids during protein synthesis.

Uploaded by

perlasirisalthea22
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Heredity: Inheritance and

Variation

DNA & RNA


Prepared by:
CLARICE ANNE R.
SANTIAGO
Objective
Describe the overall structure of the
DNA molecule
Compare and contrast
deoxyribonucleic acid from ribonucleic
acid
a naturally occurring
chemical compound
that serves as the
Nucleic Acid primary information-
carrying molecule in
cell and make up
genetic material.
Types of Nucleic Acid

Deoxyribonucle
ic Acid (DNA)
Ribonucleic
Acid (RNA)
Nucleotide
Building block
of DNA and
RNA
Nucleotide
Building block
of DNA and
RNA

Phosphate group
Nucleotide
Building block
of DNA and
RNA

5 Carbon Sugar
Nucleotide
Building block
of DNA and
RNA

Nitrogenous base
Sugars
deoxygenated Sugars
Sugars
Three Main Type of RNA
1. Messenger RNA (mRNA)
2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
3. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Three Main Type of RNA
1. Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Carries copies of instructions for the
assembly of amino acids into proteins from
DNA to the rest of the cell (serve as
“messenger”)
2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
3. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Three Main Type of RNA
1. Messenger RNA (mRNA)
2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Makes up the major part of
ribosomes, which is where proteins
are made.
3. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Three Main Type of RNA
1. Messenger RNA (mRNA)
2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
3. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Transfers amino acids to
ribosomes during protein
synthesis
Proteins
Proteins are made up of
a chain of amino acids.
Proteins are enzymes,
which catalyze and
regulate chemical
reactions.
2 Steps to Make a Protein
1. Transcription
DNA → RNA
2. Translation
RNA → Protein
(Chain)

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