Chapter 3

Digital Transmission and Internet

Protocol in Broadband

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 Lecturer: Eng. Dheeg Hajji Hassan
Master of Arts in Project Planning & MGT
MBA in Health Care Management,
MBA in Accounting and Finance,
(Double Bachelor Degree), Writer
Manager, Workplace Professional Training
Institute(WPTI)

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What is digital transmission explain?
• Digital Transmission is the transmission of signals that vary discretely
with time between two values of some physical quantity, one value
representing the binary number 0 and the other representing 1

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How does digital transmission work?
• In digital transmission, which may also be carried over the coaxial and
microwave systems, the telephone signals are first converted from
an analog format to a quantized, discrete time format. The signals
are then multiplexed together using time-division multiplexing (TDM),
a method in which each digitized

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Advantages of Digital Transmission
• Digital technology
• Low cost LSI/VLSI technology
• Data integrity
• Longer distances over lower quality lines
• Capacity utilization
• High bandwidth links economical
• High degree of multiplexing easier with digital techniques
• Security & Privacy
• Encryption
• Integration
• Can treat analog and digital data similarly
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3 minutes question
•What digital transmission good at?

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What are digital transmissions used for?
• Digital signals are commonly used in communication systems where
digital transmission can transfer data over point-to-point or point-to-
multipoint transmission channels, such as copper wires, optical fibers,
wireless communication media, storage media, or computer buses.

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 What is digital transmission and analogue
transmission?
• While analog transmission is the transfer of a continuously varying
analog signal over an analog channel, digital communications is the
transfer of discrete messages over a digital or an analog channel. ...
Data transmitted may be digital messages originating from a data
source, for example a computer or a keyboard.

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 5 Minutes question
• Compare
Digital Systems and Digital Transmission

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 What are some examples of digital
transmission?
• A common example is the digital telephone. This type of phone,
within itself, converts the voice analog signal to a digital form,
allowing the device to directly connect to a digital transmission
channel.

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5 minutes Question
•Explain deeply the
importance of digital system
on technology devices?

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INTERNET PROTOCOL

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 5 minutes Question - Compare
• IME • IP

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Definition of internet protocol
• The Internet Protocol (IP) is a protocol, or set of rules, for routing and
addressing packets of data so that they can travel across networks
and arrive at the correct destination. ... IP information is attached to
each packet, and this information helps routers to send packets to the
right place.

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What is Internet Protocol with example?
• Internet Protocol (IP) – a set of rules that dictate how data should be
delivered over the public network (Internet). Often works in
conjunction with the transmission control protocol (TCP), which
divides traffic into packets for efficient transport through the Internet;
together they are referred to as TCP/IP.

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2 minutes Question

•What do you learn

about internet protocol
(IP)?
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What are the types of Internet Protocol?
Types of Protocols
1. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
2. Internet Protocol (IP)
3. User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
4. Post office Protocol (POP)
5. Simple mail transport Protocol (SMTP)
6. File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
7. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
8. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)
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 What is Internet Protocol and how does it
work?
• The Internet Protocol (IP) is the method for sending data from one
device to another across the internet. Every device has an IP address
that uniquely identifies it and enables it to communicate with and
exchange data with other devices connected to the internet.

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 What is TCP vs UDP?
• TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, whereas UDP is a
connectionless protocol. A key difference between TCP and UDP is
speed, as TCP is comparatively slower than UDP. Overall, UDP is a
much faster, simpler, and efficient protocol, however, retransmission
of lost data packets is only possible with TCP

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5 minutes Question

•Compare TCP vs UDP

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Where is TCP used?
• TCP is used extensively by many internet applications, including the
World Wide Web (WWW), email, File Transfer Protocol, Secure Shell,
peer-to-peer file sharing, and streaming media.

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Does Netflix use UDP?
• Netflix, Hulu, Youtube, etc. video streaming all use TCP and simply
buffer a few seconds of content, instead of using UDP since the delay
is not crucial and TCP transfers can be easily accomplished over HTTP
and web browsers without the need for additional plugins and
software.

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Can you use both TCP and UDP?
• Yes, you can use the same port number for both TCP and UDP. Many
protocols already do this, for example DNS works on udp/53 and
tcp/53.

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Is TCP faster than HTTP?
• Comparison of TCP and HTTP

HTTP is a Hypertext Transfer Protocol, whereas TCP full form is

Transmission Control Protocol. HTTP is utilized to access websites,
while TCP is a session establishment protocol between client and
server. ... HTTP is faster in comparison to TCP, which is slower.

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Which protocol is used in Internet today?
• TCP/IP Basics
• 2 TCP/IP Basics. The primary networking protocol used on the
Internet today is referred to as TCP/IP.

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Why UDP is used in DNS?
• DNS uses the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) on port 53 to serve DNS
queries. UDP is preferred because it is fast and has low overhead. A
DNS query is a single UDP request from the DNS client followed by a
single UDP reply from the server.

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 DNS
• (Domain Name System) The Internet's system for converting
alphabetic names into numeric IP addresses. For example, when a
Web address (URL) is typed into a browser, DNS servers return the IP
address of the Web server associated with that name.

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 5 minutes question

•List the main function of DNS

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 ATM LANs

ATM is mainly a wide-area network (WAN

ATM); however, the technology can be adapted
to local-area networks (ATM LANs). The high
data rate of the technology has attracted the
attention of designers who are looking for
greater and greater speeds in LANs.

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Figure 18.24 ATM LANs

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Figure 18.25 Pure ATM LAN

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Figure 18.26 Legacy ATM LAN

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Figure 18.27 Mixed architecture ATM LAN

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Figure 18.28 Client and servers in a LANE

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FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION (FGD)
• WHY TODAY’S TECHNOLOGY USES TCP/IP?
• WHAT BENEFITS?
• HOW THEY USE TCP/IP?
• HOW 5G AFFECT TCP/IP?

REQUIREMENTS
• PAGES; 3- 5
• DEADLINE: 10TH MARCH,2022

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Test yourself

3 marks

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NAME: ID:

1.Examples of DT INCLUDES:-
a.Digital People
b.Digital Telephone
c.Digital Browsers
d. B and C
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2. Digital transmission is used for
a.Text
b.Communication Systems
c.Pictures
d.All of them
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3. Advantages of DT
a.Fraud
b.Data sustainability
c.Security and Privacy
d.Misleading the Managers
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4. (TDM)Shortening by
a.Time-division
multiplexing
b.Time- division Management
c.Time – Division Machines
d.All of them
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5. IP is
a.Artificial
b.Systematic
c.Unique
d.All of them

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6. Objectives of IP includes
a.To secure the data
b.To save the data
c.To Concise the Data
d.All of them

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7. UDP is a
a. connection protocol
b.Connectionless protocol
c.Connectivity Protocol
d.A and B
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8. HTTP is faster in
comparison to TCP
a.Yes
b.No
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9. ATM is shortening by
a.Automatic Teller Machine
b.Automatic Type Method
c.Automatic Transmission
Management
d.Automatic Transfer Model
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10.IME is used for
a.Mobile Serial Number
b.Mobile Product number
c.To enable tracking
smartphone
d.All of them
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END
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 Lecturer: Eng. Dheeg Hajji Hassan
Master of Arts in Project Planning & MGT
MBA in Health Care Management,
MBA in Accounting and Finance,
(Double Bachelor Degree), Writer
Manager, Workplace Professional Training
Institute(WPTI)

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