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Building Identity: The Social Self: Group 1

George Herbert Mead's theory of social behaviorism posits that the self develops through social interaction and experiences. According to Mead, the self has two parts: the "me", which represents our understanding of how others see us based on their expectations, and the "I", which refers to our unique identity in how we respond to the way others see us. Children develop their sense of self in three stages - first through imitation, then through play as they take on different roles, and finally in games as they learn to follow rules and social norms. Sociologists like Cooley and Goffman viewed the development of self as akin to acting on a stage, with fronts and backs depending on the social situation and audience.

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151 views

Building Identity: The Social Self: Group 1

George Herbert Mead's theory of social behaviorism posits that the self develops through social interaction and experiences. According to Mead, the self has two parts: the "me", which represents our understanding of how others see us based on their expectations, and the "I", which refers to our unique identity in how we respond to the way others see us. Children develop their sense of self in three stages - first through imitation, then through play as they take on different roles, and finally in games as they learn to follow rules and social norms. Sociologists like Cooley and Goffman viewed the development of self as akin to acting on a stage, with fronts and backs depending on the social situation and audience.

Uploaded by

alanllaguna18
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Building Identity:

The Social Self



Group 1
Introduction

 Different Representations of the Self Across Discipline and
Perspectives

Different Influences and Factors that Shape the Self

Sociological Theories about the Self


Feral Children

 Also called wild children, children who, through
either accident or deliberate isolation, have grown up
with limited human contact.
 A child locked in a basement or left in a crib for weeks
could become feral.

 “Wild Boy of Aveyron”


 Anna, born in Pennsylvania, USA
 Isabella
 Genie
The Social Construction
ofSelf
 According to Mead, the self is not there from birth, but it is
developed over time from social experiences and activities.
 I – how you see yourself.
 Me – how others see you.
 Generated Other - How society sees you

Symbolic Interaction
 George Herbert Mead (1863- 1932) The Founder of the
Symbolic Interactionism
 Mind, Self, Society
 People share meanings for certain terms and actions and thus
come to understand event in particular ways through
interaction.
Looking Glass Self

First Phase
 Charles Horton Cooley ( 1864-1929)
 The people change or develop their respective concept of self as
they engage in social interaction.
 A process by which a person develops his self-image based on
how others treat him.
 Just as a person cannot see himself without a mirror, so with self-
image which cannot be seen unless others react to a person’s
behavior.
 Cooley suggested that the looking- glass self is a life-long mental
process that is characterized by three phases.
 The First Phase is how one imagines how he appears to others.
Looking Glass Self

Second Phase
 - One well imagine how others will judge his appearance.

Third Phase
 - Is the development of emotion reaction to base on what
one perceives other judgment to be such as pride or
shame

 Looking-glass self does not only provide description of


who a person is, it is also responsible for the evaluation of
one’s self. Two important dimension of this evaluation
are self-esteem and personal efficacy.
Self- Esteem

 Is the belief that one is good and valuable to others. Why
some people are boastful, others are timid? Self-esteem
has something to do with traits.

Three Principles of Self- Esteem


 Process of Interaction - person observes other behavior
for pieces of information how they are appraising him.
These are reflected appraisals, for oneself that is reflected
in the behavior of others. These are reflected appraisals.
for oneself that is reflected in the behavior of others.
Social Comparison

Social Comparison
 Theory is the idea that individuals determine their
own social and personal worth based on how they
stack up against others. The theory was developed in
1954 by psychologist Leon Festinger.
There are two types of Social Comparison:
 Upward Social Comparison - when people compare
themselves to people who are better than they are.
Downward Social Comparison- when people
compare themselves to those who are less proficient
than they are.
Social Efficacy

 Is another aspect of evaluation. Based on this
principle, a person believes that he can rise above
obstacles or challenges and eventually achieves his
goal. The primary determination of personal efficacy
is the nature of personal experience.
Social Efficacy

According to Bandura, there are four major
sources of self- efficacy.
Mastery Experience
Vicarious Experience
Social Persuasion
Emotional and Psychological States
Theory of Social Behaviorism

George Herbert Mead (1863-1931)
 Self from experience as we learn
to interpret situations by
“taking on the role of the other”.
 Children to do that in:
 Imitation (gestures, words)
 Play ( specific roles)
 Games (multiple roles)
 Generalized other (role of the
group)
Theory of Social Behaviorism

 The social aspect of self is an important distinction because other sociologists
and psychologists felt that self was based on biological factors and inherited
traits.
 According to Mead, self is not there from birth, but it is developed over time
from social experiences and activities.

Development of Self
According to Mead, three activities develop the self:
 Games develop self by allowing individuals to understand and adhere to the
rules of Activity.
 Self is developed by understanding that there are rules in which one must
abide by in order tow in the game or to be successful of an activity.
 Language develop self by allowing individual to respond to each other
through symbol, gestures, words, and sounds.
 Play develops self by allowing individuals to take on different roles, pretend
and express expectation of others. It develops one’s self consciousness
through role-playing.
Theory of Social Behaviorism

TWO SIDES OF SELF: ME & I
According to Mead’s theory, the self has two sides or
phases: “me” and “I”.
 The “me” is considered the socialized aspect of the
individual. The “me” represents learned behaviors,
attitudes, and expectations of others and the society.
 The “I” therefore can be considered the represent
and future phase of the self.
 The “I” represents the individual’s identity based on
response t the “me.
Theory of Social Behaviorism

Children develop their self-concept in three stages.
Preparatory Stage
 Infants respond only through imitation .
 Children are not yet playing the role of father or mother.
 No self yet is developed.
Play Stage
 Children begin to take the roles of significant others- mothers or
fathers.
 They internalize the values and attitudes of their parents and
eventually incorporating them with their own personalities.
Game Stage
The third stage is the game stage, which is from about seven onwards
 In this stage, children can begin to understand and adhere to the
rules of games.
Internalized Social Values

 Whenever a person obeys the norms, values, and
laws of laws of his society, he is controlled by “me”
 The word I - This is how other people see him.
 When the uniqueness, spontaneity and creativity of a
person occur, which cannot be “invaded” by the
society, the person is controlled by “I”.
 The word me - this is how others judge his action.
Dramaturgical Analysis

 The DRAMATURGICAL ANALYSIS was established by sociologist Erving
Goffman, who proposed that existence is like a never-ending drama in
which humans are actors. Goffman felt that we are thrown onto a stage
called everyday life when we are born, and that our socialization entails
learning how to perform our given parts from others. We play our parts in
the company of others, who play their parts in turn in contact with us. He
thought that whatever we do on the stage of life, we are performing a role.

 Dramaturgical analysis is the idea that people’s daily lives can be viewed as
if they were actors performing on a stage. We are similar to performers
performing for an audience when we show ourselves in various settings.
According to Gofffman, our lives are a series of acts. The study of social
interaction in terms of theatrical performance is known as dramaturgical
analysis. However, unlike actors who follow a script that tells them how to
act in every scene, real-life human interactions vary based on the social
setting.
Dramaturgical Analysis

 Goffman distinguished between the front and back
stages of development. We spend the most of our days
on the front stage, where we get to deliver our lines
and perform. A wedding is the center of attention. A
front stage in a classroom is a lectern. A front can be a
dinner table. A front stage is almost any location
where we act in front of people. We are occasionally
permitted to return to earlier periods of life. We don’t
have to act in these private regions. We have the
freedom to be ourselves. We can also use this time to
rehearse and prepare for comeback to the spotlight.
Thank you!

Stay Safe and God Bless

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