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Lesson 28 - Charles - Law 2

The document discusses Charles' Law, which states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure and amount are held constant. It provides the mathematical relationship between volume and temperature, shows how volume increases as temperature increases due to faster moving gas molecules, and gives examples of using the law to calculate final volume or temperature given initial values.

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Jenny Yoon
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26 views

Lesson 28 - Charles - Law 2

The document discusses Charles' Law, which states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure and amount are held constant. It provides the mathematical relationship between volume and temperature, shows how volume increases as temperature increases due to faster moving gas molecules, and gives examples of using the law to calculate final volume or temperature given initial values.

Uploaded by

Jenny Yoon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Charles’ Law

• Jacques Charles investigated the relationship between the volume and


temperature, while keeping pressure and amount constant
• If you heat up a balloon, will the balloon change in size (change its volume)?
If so, will it get bigger or smaller?
• Volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas (assuming
pressure and amount stay constant)
• When you increase the temperature of a gas, you are adding more energy to the gas molecules -
hence they will move faster. If they move faster, they will collide with the walls of a container
more frequently. Since pressure is to be held constant, the walls must expand to reduce the
pressure build-up. Hence, the volume increases.
Charles’ Law Math
• Charles' Law states that volume is directly proportional to temperature. Thus, if the volume
increases, so does the temperature:

• Thus, if the pressure and amount of gas is held constant, the ratio of the volume and
temperature of gas is a constant. We can also write this as:
Charles’ Law
• If we graph temperature versus volume, we see this direct relationship:

• as the volume approaches an


infinitely small value, temperature
(measured in Kelvins) reaches an
infinitely small value

• we can never get to zero volume


or zero temperature
Using Charles’ Law
• Using Charles' Law we can calculate the final volume or temperature of a gas,
given the initial volume and temperature.
• Pressure and amount must be held constant.
• Remember that temperature must be units of Kelvin.
• Start by writing down the known and unknown variables. Then, rearrange the
equation for the unknown. Then, solve the problem!
Practice
In a test of Charles’ law, a gas cylinder with a movable piston is heated to 315˚C. The
initial volume of gas in the cylinder is 0.30L at 25˚C. What will be the final volume
when the temperature is 315˚C?
Example 1
A certain gas occupies a volume of 35.5 L at a standard temperature of 0.00oC. What
volume will it occupy at 63.78oC?
Example 2
A gas has a temperature of 67.4oC when it is at a volume of 864 L. What
will be its temperature if the volume is condensed to 10.0 L?

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