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PHP 2

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32 views24 pages

PHP 2

Uploaded by

Sumit Chandra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHP: Hypertext

Preprocessor (2)

Dr. Mohit Agarwal


What is PHP?
 PHP is an acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor"
 PHP is a widely-used, open source scripting language
 PHP scripts are executed on the server
 PHP is free to download and use

What is a PHP File?


 PHP files can contain text, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP code
 PHP code are executed on the server, and the result is returned to the
browser as plain HTML
 PHP files have extension ".php"
Form Handling in PHP
<html>
<body>

<form action="welcome.php" method="post">


Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
E-mail: <input type="text" name="email"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>

</body>
</html>
-------------------welcome.php -----------------
<html>
<body>

Welcome <?php echo $_POST["name"]; ?><br>


Your email address is: <?php echo $_POST["email"]; ?>

</body>
</html>
Form Handling in PHP
<html>
<body>

<form action="welcome_get.php" method="get">


Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
E-mail: <input type="text" name="email"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>

</body>
</html>
-------------------welcome_get.php -----------------
<html>
<body>

Welcome <?php echo $_GET["name"]; ?><br>


Your email address is: <?php echo $_GET["email"]; ?>

</body>
</html>
Form Handling in PHP
 Both GET and POST are treated as $_GET and $_POST. These are
superglobals, which means that they are always accessible,
regardless of scope - and you can access them from any
function, class or file without having to do anything special.
 $_GET is an array of variables passed to the current script via
the URL parameters.
 $_POST is an array of variables passed to the current script via
the HTTP POST method.
File Handling in PHP
---------------------Read file -------------
<?php
$myfile = fopen("webdictionary.txt", "r") or die("Unable to open
file!");
echo fgets($myfile);
fclose($myfile);
?>
--------------------------Write file ------------------
<?php
$myfile = fopen("newfile.txt", "w") or die("Unable to open file!");
$txt = "John Doe\n";
fwrite($myfile, $txt);
$txt = "Jane Doe\n";
fwrite($myfile, $txt);
fclose($myfile);
?>
Database Handling in PHP
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

$sql = "SELECT id, firstname, lastname FROM MyGuests";


$result = $conn->query($sql);

if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
// output data of each row
while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
echo "id: " . $row["id"]. " - Name: " . $row["firstname"]. " " . $row["lastname"]. "<br>";
}
} else {
echo "0 results";
}
$conn->close();
?>
Database Handling in PHP
 <?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

$sql = "INSERT INTO MyGuests (firstname, lastname, email)


VALUES ('John', 'Doe', '[email protected]')";

if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) {


echo "New record created successfully";
} else {
echo "Error: " . $sql . "<br>" . $conn->error;
}

$conn->close();
?>
Sample signin page in PHP
<html>
<body>

<form action="welcome.php" method="post">


Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>
Password: <input type="password" name="passwd"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>

</body>
</html>
Sample signin page in PHP
----------------------------welcome.php-------------------

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "";
$dbname = "CSET231";

// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
Sample signin page in PHP
----------------------------welcome.php contd-------------------
$sql = "SELECT * FROM login WHERE Name = '" . $_POST["name"] . "' AND Password1 = '" .
$_POST["passwd"] . "'";
$result = $conn->query($sql);
if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
$conn->close();
$_SESSION["name"] = $_POST["name"];
header("Location: welcome1.php");
exit;
}
else
{
echo "Password not correct";
header("Location: signin.php");
exit;
}
?>
Sample signin page in PHP
----------------------------welcome1.php contd-------------------
<?php

session_start();

session_regenerate_id(true); //It can help you to protect against attacks, try to learn it!

// Set session variables


echo "Welcome " . $_SESSION["name"] . ".<br>";

?>
Cookie
What is a Cookie?
A cookie is often used to identify a user. A cookie is a small file that the server embeds
on the user's computer. Each time the same computer requests a page with a browser, it
will send the cookie too. With PHP, you can both create and retrieve cookie values.
Cookie
 Example
 <?php
$cookie_name = "user";
$cookie_value = "John Doe";
setcookie($cookie_name, $cookie_value, time() + (86400 * 30), "/"); // 86400 = 1 day
?>
<html>
<body>

<?php
if(!isset($_COOKIE[$cookie_name])) {
echo "Cookie named '" . $cookie_name . "' is not set!";
} else {
echo "Cookie '" . $cookie_name . "' is set!<br>";
echo "Value is: " . $_COOKIE[$cookie_name];
}
?>

</body>
</html>
Cookie
 Modify a Cookie Value
 To modify a cookie, just set (again) the cookie using the setcookie() function:

 <?php
$cookie_name = "user";
$cookie_value = "Alex Porter";
setcookie($cookie_name, $cookie_value, time() + (86400 * 30), "/");
?>
<html>
<body>

<?php
if(!isset($_COOKIE[$cookie_name])) {
echo "Cookie named '" . $cookie_name . "' is not set!";
} else {
echo "Cookie '" . $cookie_name . "' is set!<br>";
echo "Value is: " . $_COOKIE[$cookie_name];
}
?>

</body>
</html>
Cookie
 Delete a Cookie
 To delete a cookie, use the setcookie() function with an expiration date in the past:

 <?php
// set the expiration date to one hour ago
setcookie("user", "", time() - 3600);
?>
<html>
<body>

<?php
echo "Cookie 'user' is deleted.";
?>

</body>
</html>
Cookie
 Check if Cookies are Enabled
 The following example creates a small script that checks whether cookies are enabled. First, try to create a test
cookie with the setcookie() function, then count the $_COOKIE array variable:

 <?php
setcookie("test_cookie", "test", time() + 3600, '/');
?>
<html>
<body>

<?php
if(count($_COOKIE) > 0) {
echo "Cookies are enabled.";
} else {
echo "Cookies are disabled.";
}
?>

</body>
</html>
Session
 A session is a way to store information (in variables) to be used across multiple pages.

 Unlike a cookie, the information is not stored on the users computer.


Session
 Start a PHP Session
 A session is started with the session_start() function.

 Session variables are set with the PHP global variable: $_SESSION.

 <?php
// Start the session
session_start();
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<?php
// Set session variables
$_SESSION["favcolor"] = "green";
$_SESSION["favanimal"] = "cat";
echo "Session variables are set.";
?>

</body>
</html>
Session
 Get PHP Session Variable Values
 Next, we create another page called "demo_session2.php". From this page, we will access the
session information we set on the first page ("demo_session1.php").

 Notice that session variables are not passed individually to each new page, instead they are
retrieved from the session we open at the beginning of each page (session_start()).

 Also notice that all session variable values are stored in the global $_SESSION variable:
Session
<?php
session_start();
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<?php
// Echo session variables that were set on previous page
echo "Favorite color is " . $_SESSION["favcolor"] . ".<br>";
echo "Favorite animal is " . $_SESSION["favanimal"] . ".";
?>

</body>
</html>
Session
 Another way to show all the session variable values for a user session is to run
the following code:
 Example
 <?php
session_start();
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<?php
print_r($_SESSION);
?>

</body>
</html>
Session
 Modify a PHP Session Variable
 To change a session variable, just overwrite it:
 Example
 <?php
session_start();
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<?php
// to change a session variable, just overwrite it
$_SESSION["favcolor"] = "yellow";
print_r($_SESSION);
?>

</body>
</html>
Session
To remove all global session variables and destroy the session, use session_unset() and
session_destroy():

<?php
session_start();
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<?php
// remove all session variables
session_unset();

// destroy the session


session_destroy();
?>

</body>
</html>

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