LEADERSHIP

Prepared by: Prof Mounim LAKHAL

 LEADERSHIP
Outline
• Introduction
• Definition of leadership
• Characteristics of leadership
• Managers’ traits versus Leaders’ traits
• Leadership styles
• Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION

• If I came from another planet and had no

concept of ‘leader’ or ‘leadership,’ how
would you explain it to me ?
 LEADERSHIP
 Leadership is the ability to develop a vision that
motivates others to move with a passion toward a
common goal.
 It entails inspiring and motivating one’s team,
encouraging collaboration and making sound and
well-informed decisions.
 Therefore, leadership is a process by which a
person influences others to accomplish an objective
and directs the organization in a way that makes it
more cohesive and coherent.
 Leadership defined by CEOs

• “Leadership is a combination of legitimacy,

personality and management skills that make others
want to follow someone’s direction.”
— Pierre-André de Chalendar, CEO, Saint Gobain

• “Leadership is about helping others realize their

potential and inspiring them to work with you to
achieve a shared vision for the future.”
— Kathy Mazzarelli, CEO, Graybar
 Leadership defined by CEOs
• “Leadership is helping people succeed, inspiring
and uniting people behind a common purpose and
then being accountable.”
— Paul Polman, Former CEO, Unilever

• “A leader focuses on both the vision of the future

and the possibility and the hard realities of the
present and the lessons learned of the past, a person
who inspires others, someone who is a walking
symbol of humility.”
— Bernard Tyson, Former CEO, Kaiser Permanente
 Leadership defined by CEOs

• “Leadership is about the ability to drive results, set

the vision and share it, create an environment of
success, and remove obstacles.”
— Judy Marks, CEO, Otis Elevator

• “I define leadership as making a positive impact on

people; employees, shareholders, customers,
business partners and the public at large.”
— Levent Çakiroglu, CEO, KOC Holdings
 What is a true leader?
 Simply put, a true leader is someone who:

 leads by example.

 fosters strong relationships with individuals and

teams alike.

 makes sure that each individual follower reaches

his or her full potential while, importantly,
achieving organizational goals.
Leadership refers to:
Manager versus Leader
 Manager versus Leader
manages by position leads by influence
drives workers develops and coaches them
needs to be needed wants to be succeeded
depends on authority depends on goodwill
wants recognition reproduce themselves
inspires fear inspires enthusiasm
focuses on weaknesses focuses on strengths
says “I” says “WE”
uses people gives credit
spends time with others invests time in others
blames the breakdown fixes the breakdown
has some successes have incredible success
knows how it’s done shows how it’s done
says “Go!” says “Lets’ go”
 The Traits that Set Managers and Leaders Apart
Tells Sells
Plans the details Sets the direction
Minimizes risks Takes risks
Instructs employees Encourages people
Has objectives Has vision
Meets expectations Charts new growth
Eyes the bottom line Eyes the horizon
Accepts the status quo Challenges the status quo
Sees a problem Sees an opportunity
Thinks short-term Thinks long-term
Follows the map Carves new roads
Approves Motivates
Establishes rules Breaks rules
Assigns duties Fosters ideas
Votes with their head Votes with their heart
Relies on control Inspires trust
Does things right Does the right thing
Exercises power Develops power
Tries to be a hero Makes heroes
Tells you what Shows you how
Has subordinates Has followers
Promotes compliance with carrots and sticks Promotes engagement with vision passion and purpose
Drives from the back Drives from the middle or front
Makes you do it You want to do it
 Leadership styles

Authoritarian
Or Autocratic

Delegative
Or
The Participative
-Laissez-faire perfect Or Democratic
-Free Reign leader
 Leadership styles

 Leadership styles refer to different ways in which

leaders interact with their teams.

 Some leaders monitor your work really closely.

 Some leaders want to make sure that everybody feels

heard and understood.

 For others, the only concern is getting the work

Authoritarian or Autocratic
• A ruler who has absolute power ‘eg:
Adolf Hitler’
• Autocratic management style: Makes
decisions without reference to anyone
else.
• High degree of dependency on the leader.
• Can create de-motivation and alienation
among staff.
• May be valuable in some types of
business where decisions need to be made
quickly and decisively.
 Authoritarian/Autocratic Style
leaders
• Authoritarian/Autocratic Leadership Style:
• A style of leadership that keeps all decision-making at the
center of the organization without contribution of others.
• Its features:
• Leader makes all decisions and supervises work closely.
• Group leaders dictate all work methods and processses.
• Little or no input from workers/subordinates (Hence, low
morale).
• Yet, rigid rules can bring stability when work conditions
are not favorable. It has a reverse impact on the
organization in the long term.
• Autocratic leadership is charavterized by the
centralization of decision-making and directive power in
a single dominant leader.
• Leading by threats / bossing people around.
Participative or Democratic Style Leaders
• Democratic leadership or , participative
management, is a leadership style in which
employees actively work together with the
leader to achieve a common goal.
• They encourage conversation and
participation in the decision-making
process.
• This style builds trust among workers.
• They seek feedback from subordinates.
• Creativity is encouraged and rewarded.
• Leader has final say but subordinates are
ancouraged to give ideas…
• High productivity, strong contribution from
workers and better morale.
Delegative or Laissez-faire Leadership

• Delegative leadership is a leadership where leaders

empower subordinates to exercise autonomy. For
this reason, it’s also called Laissez-faire leadership.
• This type of leadership can lead to increases in work
quality and decision-making.
Delegative or Laissez-faire Leadership

 Delegative leadership is the most laid-back

leadership style there is.

 Workers/subordinates are given free reign to

complete tasks in whatever way they please.

 Power is transferred to subordinates.

 Leader is responsible for providing resources.
 Decision-making is done by the subordinates.
 Perfect Leadership
• Using all three leadership styles:
Authoritarian
Or Autocratic
Telling your employees that a
procedure is not working correctly
and a new one must be established
Participative
(authoritarian).
Or Democratic • Asking for their ideas and input on
creating a new procedure
(participative).
Delegative
Or • Delegating tasks in order to
-Laissez-faire
-Free Reign implement the new procedure
(delegative).
  Good leaders are:

 role-model individuals who are visionary, flexible, highly adaptable,

approachable, empathetic, inspirational, energetic, authentic and
adaptable to drive impact.
 Good leaders:

 exhibit courage, passion, confidence, commitment, and ambition.

 provide direction, inspiration, and guidance.
 nurture the strengths and talents of their people and build teams
committed to achieving common goals.
 share their vision, lead by example, demonstrate integrity,
communicate effectively, make hard decisions, recognize success,
empower others and motivate and inspire workers.

• Hence, it is essential to examine the importance of leadership in any

 Conclusion
 To create and increase effectiveness and ensure
sustainability, business leaders need to focus their attention
on aligning their subordinates with organization’s strategy
(drive organizational success).
 Leaders can employ better strategies to empower their
teams, foster autonomy, growth, and adapt to the
evolving demands of leadership.
 create motivation and a plan to succeed.
 inspire their teams to reach new
heights.
 The most effective leaders combine
various styles of authority based on the need of the hour.