Scribd
Upload
26 views

Chapter 2

The document discusses different areas of philosophy including epistemology, axiology, metaphysics, and ethics. It provides definitions and examples for each area. Socrates' philosophy focused on pursuing truth and knowledge through critical thinking and self-examination.

Uploaded by

Jane Libago
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
26 views

Chapter 2

The document discusses different areas of philosophy including epistemology, axiology, metaphysics, and ethics. It provides definitions and examples for each area. Socrates' philosophy focused on pursuing truth and knowledge through critical thinking and self-examination.

Uploaded by

Jane Libago
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

CHAPTER 2

LESSON 1

Week 6
What is Philosophy?

The term "philosophy" means, "love of wisdom." In a broad


sense, philosophy is an activity people undertake when they
seek to understand fundamental truths about themselves, the
world in which they live, and their relationships to the world
and to each other. As an academic discipline, philosophy is
much the same.
Socrates was a Greek philosopher
from Athens who is credited as the
founder of Western philosophy and
among the first moral philosophers of
the ethical tradition of thought.
What is the main idea of Socrates philosophy?

The main philosophy of Socrates, a classical


Greek philosopher, is centered around the pursuit
of truth and knowledge through critical thinking
and self-examination. He believed that true
wisdom comes from recognizing one's own
ignorance and constantly questioning and
challenging one's beliefs and assumptions.
Socrates
Socrates is considered by many to be the
founding father of Western philosophy—as well
as one of the most enigmatic figures of ancient
history.

It has been said that Socrates' greatest


contribution to philosophy was to move
intellectual pursuits away from the focus
on `physical science' (as pursued by the
so-called Pre-Socratic Philosophers such
as Thales, Anaximander, Anaximenes, and
others) and into the abstract realm of
ethics and morality.
Ethics or moral philosophy is the
philosophical study of moral phenomena. It
investigates normative questions about
what people ought to do or which behavior
is morally right. It is usually divided into
three major fields:
1. normative ethics,
2. applied ethics
3. metaethics.
Personal ethics refers to the ethics
that a person identifies with in
respect to people and situations that
they deal with in everyday life.
Accounting Ethics
It encapsulates ideals of
honesty, fairness, objectivity,
and responsibility in delivering
financial services and
information. These ethical
standards guide accountants in
their daily operations, shaping
their professional decisions and
behaviors.
philosophy is traditionally divided into major areas of study.
Epistemology is the branch of
philosophy concerned with knowledge.
Epistemologists study the nature, origin,
and scope of knowledge, epistemic
justification, the rationality of belief, and
various related issues.
Axiology is the philosophical study
of value. It includes questions about
the nature and classification of
values and about what kinds of
things have value.
Axiology, (from Greek axios, “worthy”; logos,
“science”), also called THEORY OF VALUE, the
philosophical study of goodness, or value, in the
widest sense of these terms. Its significance lies (1) in
the considerable expansion that it has given to the
meaning of the term value and (2) in the unification
that it has provided for the study of a variety of
questions—economic, moral, aesthetic, and even
logical—that had often been considered in relative
isolation.

Axiology Examples person may be a bad hitman, but being a bad


hitman may be a good thing overall. This way of thinking operates
under monism and the belief that one value supersedes all others. A
blunted knife is a bad knife.
Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that
studies the fundamental nature of reality. This
includes studies of the first principles of being
or existence, identity, change, consciousness,
space and time, necessity, actuality, and
possibility.
Metaphysics are BEING, EXISTENCE, PURPOSE,
UNIVERSALS, PROPERTY, RELATION,
CAUSALITY, SPACE, TIME, EVENT, and many
others

Examples of metaphysics in real life include exploring the


nature of reality and existence, investigating the mind-body
problem, pondering the concept of free will, and examining
the nature of consciousness. Metaphysical questions arise
when contemplating abstract concepts like the meaning of life,
the existence of God, and the nature of time and space.

You might also like