THE IMPACT OF

SMARTPHONE USAGE
ON GRADE 9 STUDENTS’
CONCENTRATION AT
CAGANGOHAN

NATIONAL
HIGHSCHOOL
 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

• According to Pak J Med Sci. (2017),another appealing gadget that may

have an impact on students' concentration and attention span in the
classroom is a cell phone. Text messages have the potential to quickly
divert students' attention and cause them to want to respond. A study
conducted by the National Education Association revealed that 85% of
higher education instructors in the United States agreed that professors
should forbid cell phone use in the classroom. Numerous educational
institutions in the United States have implemented policies prohibiting cell
phone use in classrooms. Shelton et al. discovered significant negative
effects of cell phone ringing on cognitive performance. A few researchers
have discovered that students’ use of cell phones in the classroom could
distract both faculty and students.
 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
• In Philippines, issue of unintended effects of using technology in the
classroom is significant because unexpected outcomes can disrupt the
classroom and undermine institutional policies about strategic direction and
intervention in the teaching and learning process. The students' negative
outcomes included accessing social media sites such as Facebook and
Twitter while class, playing games, listening to music, answering and
returning phone calls, and downloading and utilizing copyrighted material.
(Carbonilla Gorra, V. & Bhati, S. S. ,2016).
• Social media usage in terms of academic, socialization, entertainment,
informativeness, and constraint; level of motivation in terms of intrinsic
motivation, grade motivation, career motivation, and selfdetermination; and
academic performance in quarters 1 to 3 among Junior High School and
Senior High School students. (Beñalet,C.E. C, Pacquiao Jr, M.,E, Hatagi,
M.C., A, Iñigo , E., O, Edig, M., M., N.)
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The study was conducted to determine how Smartphone affects the
Studen’s Concentration in Cagangohan National High School.​

This study aims to answer the following questions:

1.Is social media distracting?
2.What is the level of Students’ Concentration?
3.What is the level of Smartphone Usage?
4.Is there a significant relationship between smartphone usage and
the grade 9 students’concentration?
 HYPOTHESIS

• H0: There is no significant relationship between

smartphone on student concentration of Grade 9
students

• H1:There is no significant relationship between

smartphone on student concentration of Grade 9 students
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Self-determination Theory

This study is anchored to the Self-determination

Theory by Edward L. Deci & Richard M. Ryan in
1991.When applied to education, self-determination
theory aims to instill in pupils a desire to study, a value
for education, and confidence in their own abilities and
traits. These outcomes reflect intrinsic motivation and
the internalization of values and regulatory
mechanisms. According to research, these processes
lead to higher-quality learning and conceptual
understanding, as well as improved personal growth
and adjustment.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

• The smartphone usage was the independent variable

because it will affect the corresponding dependent
variable which was the student’s concentration of grade 9
students in Cagangohan National High School.

DEPENDENT
INDEPENDENT

SMARTPHONE
USAGE
GRADE 9
INDICATORS: STUDENTS’
• DISTRACTION CONCENTRATION
• ATTENTION
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The researchers believe that this study could be
beneficial to the following:​

The Junior High School Students

Junior high school is a crucial time for academic

growth. Understanding how Smartphone affect
concentration might help students realize the
significance of eliminating distractions during
study sessions, resulting in greater academic
achievement.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The Teacher

This research will be useful to the teachers considering

that they can discover efficient ways for managing
smartphone use in the classroom, reducing distractions and
increasing learning possibilities. This could include
establishing explicit rules and expectations for smartphone
use, implementing technology-free zones or periods, and
introducing engaging activities that encourage active
involvement and attentiveness.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The Parents

This research also useful to the parents

knowing that when cellphones compete for their
children's attention, it can be difficult for parents
to successfully engage with them. Understanding
the effects of smartphones on focus might spark
critical discussions among families about screen
time limits and the value of excellent face-to-face
relationships.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The Guidance Counselors

This research will be a guide to

promote awareness of the smarthphone
usage on a students’ concentration
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

THE FUTURE RESEARCHERS

The results of this research will be as an

accurate source and useful information for them
and reference for future related studies regarding
this topic. They may extend the knowledge, if
ever they want to deepen the understanding and
ideas about the Effect of smartphone usage on
Grade 9 students’ concentration at Cagangohan
National high school.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
(Operational)

Adverse Effect

Signifies an undesirable outcome or

consequence that disrupts the efficiency or
effectiveness of a system, process, or operation.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
(Operational)
Smartphone

-is a handheld electronic device that combines

computing capabilities, mobile communication
functionality, and various multimedia features to
enable users to perform a wide range of tasks, such
as making calls, sending messages, accessing the
internet, running applications, and capturing
photos and videos.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
(Operational)

Concentration

-refers to the focused mental effort or attention

directed towards a specific task, idea, or object,
enabling heightened cognitive awareness and
productivity.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
(Operational)

Grade 9 Students

• Grade 9 students are typically in their ninth year

of official education, at roughly the age of 14 or
15, as they make the transition from middle
school to high school, building on core
knowledge and skills in a variety of courses.
 CHAPTER 2:REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
AND STUDIES

• Smartphone had an impact on a student’s concentration and their

academic engagement. Student’s smartphone could help students on

their school works and activities and also their academic performance.

However, the consequences of smartphone having in class could impact

the student’s concentration during the discussion of their teacher or

instructor and it can interrupt or distract them of doing what they need

to do during class and it can affect their learning process. In this study,

student’s smartphone, behavior, distraction, and attention span were

discovered to have a greater impact on student’s concentration.

 CHAPTER 2:REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
AND STUDIES

Smartphone
• Smartphones are the most widely used communication media compared to other

communication media. This is because smartphones have various features and applications

that can help users in completing their work, getting entertainment, and interacting with

others. However, in every technology used by humans, there are always potential dangers

threatens them. Philosophy, as the oldest systematic way of thinking, seeks to discover what

lies behind smartphones. Technology philosophy, which emerged in the modern age, is a

branch of philosophy that seeks to examine the nature of technology; ontology, epistemology,

and axiology. Based on the thinking of modern philosophers, philosophically, smartphones are

not just a means of communication. The latest mobile device generation is the

smartphone.phones, which have become more popular in recent years and have already

dominated the industry. With their tiny keyboards, smartphones are more than just phones,

but they also contain computer features like email, calendar, address book, and workplace

applications for both editing and reading.

 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND
STUDIES

Behavior
• Behavior management in the classroom and schoolyard is one

of the most challenging aspects of teaching. Student Behavior

offers a comprehensive overview of the major theories of

behavior management in primary and secondary schools,

illustrated with detailed case studies.

 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND
STUDIES

Distraction

• Since there are several distractions that affect

students' focus and limit their ability to learn at their
best, it is challenging to maintain students' full
attention during class these days. There are now many
worries about how technologies like computers and
cell phones affect undergraduate students' focus in the
classroom because they have joined the classroom.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND
STUDIES

Attention

• We looked into whether using a cellphone during a lecture could

hinder learning because attention spans get shorter with time. Placing
the smartphone in a different room is enough to avoid the negative
efects on attention performance.
 REFERENCES

Herman, S. (2019) Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Vol. 14, No. 3 (2019) 1248 – 1259

School of Engineering, Taylor’s University, SMARTPHONE USAGE AMONG COLLEGE

STUDENTS, 14(3), 12

Kostić1, J. O., &. Ranđelović, K. R. (2022) DIGITAL DISTRACTIONS: LEARNING IN

MULTITASKING ENVIRONMENT, 301-302. . https://doi.org/10.36315/2022inpact070

Mendoza, J. S., Pody, B. C., Lee, S., Kim, M., McDonough, I. M., (2018) The effect of cellphones on

attention and learning: The influences of time, distraction, and nomophobia,86,52-60.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.04.027

Skowronek, J., Seifert, A. & Lindberg, S. The mere presence of a smartphone reduces basal attentional

performance. Sci Rep 13, 9363 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36256-4

 CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN
This research employed the quantitative research particularly

Correlational type of study. Pearson Product-Moment correlation

coefficient was the statistical tool used determine the relationship

between smartphone usage and Grade 9 students’ concentration.

Dempsey(2015) pointed out the findings from correlational research

can be used to determine prevalence and relationships among variables,

and to forecast events from current data and knowledge.

 CHAPTER 3

SAMPLING METHODS

The sampling method being used in this research is

the stratified random sampling technique. According to

Iliyasu,R. & Ilker Etikan (2021) stratified sampling uses

simple random sampling when the categories are generated,

for stratified sampling, a sampling frame is necessary.More

specifically, stratified sampling is a method of probability

sampling which enables the calculation of the sampling error.

 CHAPTER 3

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURUES

Before the questionnaire is administered to the respondents,

the researchers submitted the survey questionnaire to their

teachers for corrections and suggestions, and a permission to

conduct the survey for the students who were chosen to be a

respondent. The questionnaire used was adopted from the study of

Hossain,Md. M.(2019)entitled the Impact of Mobile Phone Usage

on Academic Performance in Bangladesh

 CHAPTER 3

Ethical Consideration
During the course of this study, no foreseeable

dangers can pose a threat to the respondents in any way.

During their involvement in this study, they were not

required to pay any money. The respondents' participation

in the survey was fully optional and no one was compelled

to do so. The names of the respondents will not be

published or used in any articles.

 CHAPTER 3
PLAN OF DATA ANALYSIS

In this study 40 respondents will be picked to provide our

data by answering the questionnaire that will be given to

them, with approval. The statistical tool used were

percentage, weighted mean and Pearson Product-Moment

Correlation, to determine the relationship between the

smartphone usage and the grade 9 students concentration of

40 respondents at Cagangohan National High School.

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE