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Aditi 03 SPP

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26 views8 pages

Aditi 03 SPP

Uploaded by

Abhishek
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ABHINAV EDUCATION

SOCIETY’S
COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
Name:-Aditi Nanaso Wadkar
Roll No:- 03
PRN :- 2063813823002
Class :- Final Year B.Pharm
Subject :- Social And Preventive Pharmacy
Guided By :- Deepali Kaldate Ma’am
SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME
(SARS)
Introduction :-
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a communicable viral disease, caused by a new strain of
coronavirus, which differs considerably in genetic structure from previously recognized coronavirus
The most common symptoms in patient progressing to SARS include fever, malaise, chills, headache myalgia,
dizziness, cough, sore throat and running nose In some cases there is rapid deterioration with low oxygen
saturation and acute respiratory distress requiring ventilatory support It is capable of causing death in as many
as 10 per cent cases
Chest X-ray findings typically begin with a small, unilateral patchy shadowing, and progress over 12 days to
become bilateral and generalized, with interstitial/confluent infiltration. Adult respiratory distress syndrome
has been observed in a number of patients in the end stages
Causetive Agent :- Coronavirus (SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-1 SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19)

1) SARS CoV-1: SARS-CoV-1 Appeared in china in 2002. It spread within a few months, although it was

quickly maintained. It is transmitted through droplets that enter the air where someone with

the disease coughs , sneeze or talk.

2)SARS- CoV-2: SARS-CoV-2 is a member of a large family of viruses called coronaviruses. it appeared in
china in 2020. It announced the name SARS-CoV-2 on 11 February 2020. it is also known as
COVID-19 ‘CO’ stands for corona, ‘VI’ stands for virus and ‘D’ for disease.
Mode of Transmission:-
The mode of transmission is through close contact with the patient and infected material
via the eyes, nose and mouth, with Infectious respiratory droplets. There was no evidence
that SARS is an airborne disease The findings that each patient infected on an average 3
others is consistent with a disease spread by direct contact. In Hong Kong, sewage, faeces
and cockroaches were suspected transmitters. The SARS virus can survive for hours on
common surfaces outside the human body, and up to four days in human waste. The virus
can survive at least for 24 hours on a plastic surface at room temperature, and can live for
extended periods in the cold

Symptoms Of SARS :-
 Dry cough
 Sore throat
 breathing problems including shortness of breath
 Headache
 Body aches
 Loss of appetite
 Malaise
 Night sweats and chills
 Confusion
 Rash
 Diarrhea virus from spreading
Treatment :-
 There is no specific treatment for SARS .No clinical inprovement has been attributable to use
of antibiotics.
 The antiviral agent ribavirin intravenously in combination with high-dose corticosteroids,
may have been responsible for some clinical improvement.
 Supplementary oxygen or a ventilators may be prescribed if necessary
 In severe cases blood plasma from someone who has already recovered from SARS may also
be administered.
 However, there is not yet enough evidence to proven that these treatment are effective.

Diagnosis Of SARS:-
Various lab tests have been developed to detect the SARS virus. During the first
outbreak of SARS, there were no laboratory tests for the disease. Diagnosis was
made primarily through symptoms and medical history. Now, laboratory tests can be
performed on nasal and throat swabs or blood samples. A chest X-ray or CT scan
may also reveal signs of pneumonia characteristic of SARS.
Vaccines :-
• There is no vaccines for SARS-CoV-1
• The present review covers the list of approved vaccines available in india for SARS-CoV-2
i.e. Covaxin & Covisheild .
• Covaxin was prepared by Hydrabad – based Bharat Biotech International Ltd.
• Covisheild was prepared by Serum Institute of India , Pune .
• Sputnik-V was developed in Russia .
• Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine is currently available in USA .
General Principle Of Prevention and Control :-
The preventive measures for SARS control are appropriate detection and protective
measures which include:
 Prompt identification of persons with SARS, their movements and contacts
 Effective isolation of SARS patients in hospitals
 Appropriate protection of medical staff treating these patients;
 Exit screening of international travellers
 Comprehensive identification and isolation of suspected SARS cases;
 Timely and accurate reporting and sharing of information with other authorities
and/or governments.

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