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Basic Postulates and Derivation of TST

The document discusses transition state theory, which provides a more accurate alternative to the Arrhenius equation and collision theory for understanding reaction rates. It outlines the basic postulates of TST, including that reactions occur through an intermediate activated complex and that the rate is determined by decomposition of this complex. An example of an activated complex is also provided. The document then discusses the derivation of transition state theory.

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Meenal Meshram
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37 views

Basic Postulates and Derivation of TST

The document discusses transition state theory, which provides a more accurate alternative to the Arrhenius equation and collision theory for understanding reaction rates. It outlines the basic postulates of TST, including that reactions occur through an intermediate activated complex and that the rate is determined by decomposition of this complex. An example of an activated complex is also provided. The document then discusses the derivation of transition state theory.

Uploaded by

Meenal Meshram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BASIC POSTULATES AND

DERIVATION OF TRANSITION
STATE THEORY
Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University
Center for Basic Sciences
Presentation on

Basic Postulates and


Derivation of TST
Presentation by- Guided by-
Meenal Meshram Mr. Sanjay Yadav
CONTENTS
• Introduction

• Basic Postulates of Transition State Theory

• Example

• Derivation for TST

• References
Introduction
Transition state theory (TST) provides a more accurate alternative to the
previously used Arrhenius equation and the collision theory. The transition state
theory attempts to provide a greater understanding of activation energy, Ea, and
the thermodynamic properties involving the transition state. Collision theory of
reaction rate, although intuitive, lacks an accurate method to predict the
probability factor for the reaction. The theory assumes that reactants are hard
spheres rather than molecules with specific structures. In 1935, Henry Eyring
helped develop a new theory called the transition state theory to provide a
more accurate alternative to the previously used Arrhenius equation and the
collision theory.
BASIC POSTULATES
OF TST
All chemical reaction occur through the
formation of an intermediate called the
activated complex before the reactant gets
converted into product .

The activated complex is formed by the


rearrangement of atoms and bonds of the
reactant molecules

The activated complex has transient existence


and hence it is called transition state complex.
It exist in equilibrium with the reactants and
has high potential energy
The activated complex decomposes into
products. The rate of reaction is given by the
rate of decomposition of the activated complex
into products. Schematically,
Reactants Activated complex → Products

The energy of activation is the additional energy


which the reactant molecules must acquire in
order to form the activated complex.
Ie. Ea = EAC – ER
Examples of reactions involving in activated
complex formation:-
i) Unimolecular Reaction
• N O
N2O5 N O N 2O4 + [O]
• O O O
• Activated Complex
ii) Bimolecular Reaction
• H I H---------I
• + H I + H I
• H I H---------I Products
Activated complex
Derivation for Transition
State Theory
References
Jeffrey I. Steinfeld, Joseph S. Francisco and William I. Hase[1978]
Chemical Kinetics and Dynamics
2nd edition, WestWords,Inc. New York, pp-289-294

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