Addis Ababa University

School of Commerce

Introduction to Emerging
Technologies
Chapter Five- Augmented Reality

04/08/2024 1
 Contents
 Learning outcomes
 What is AR?
 VR
 AR
 MR
 Differences between AR,VR and, MR
 Architecture of AR
 Challenges of AR
 Application of AR
 Review questions

04/08/2024 2
 Learning Outcomes
After successful completion of this chapter, the students be able to:
 Explain augmented reality
 Explain the features of augmented reality
 Explain the difference between AR, VR, and MR
 Explain the architecture of augmented reality systems
 Describe the application areas of augmented reality

04/08/2024 3
 Brainstorming

What do you think about Augmented Reality?

Can you give an example of AR?

04/08/2024 4
 What is AR?
 Augmented reality (AR) is a form of emerging technology that allows users to
overlay computer-generated content in the real world. AR refers to a live view of a
physical real-world environment whose elements are merged with augmented
computer-generated images creating a mixed reality. The augmentation is typically
done in real-time and in semantic context with environmental elements.
 Augmented Reality (AR) is a live direct or indirect view of a physical, real-world
environment whose elements are augmented by computer-generated sensory input
such as sound, video, graphics or GPS data.

04/08/2024 5
 …What is AR?
 Augmented reality is the integration of digital information with the user's
environment in real-time. Unlike virtual reality, which creates a totally artificial
environment, augmented reality uses the existing environment and overlays new
information on top of it.

Source: internet
04/08/2024 6
 Virtual Reality (VR)
 VR is fully immersive, which tricks your senses into thinking you’re in a different
environment or world apart from the real world. Using a head-mounted display
(HMD) or headset, you’ll experience a computer-generated world of imagery and
sounds in which you can manipulate objects and move around using haptic
controllers. It is also called a computer-simulated reality.

Source: Introduction to emerging technologies page 83

04/08/2024 7
 …Virtual Reality (VR)
 VR refers to computer technologies using reality headsets to generate realistic
sounds, images and other sensations that replicate a real environment or create an
imaginary world. Advanced VR environment will engage all five senses (taste,
sight, smell, touch, sound).
 Most VR headsets are connected to a computer (Oculus Rift) or a gaming console
(PlayStation VR) but there are standalone devices (Google Cardboard is among the
most popular). Most standalone VR headsets work in combination with smartphones
– you insert a smartphone, wear a headset, and immerse in the virtual reality

Source: Introduction to emerging technologies page 83

04/08/2024 8
 Augmented Reality (AR)
 In augmented reality, users see and interact with the real world while digital content
is added to it by using the camera.
 Examples of AR include Snapchat lenses and the game Pokemon Go.
 Augmented Reality (AR) is a live, direct or indirect view of a physical, real-world
environment whose elements are augmented (or supplemented) by computer-
generated sensory input such as sound, video, graphics or GPS data

Source: Introduction to emerging technologies page 84

04/08/2024 9
 Mixed Reality (MR)
 Mixed Reality (MR) or hybrid reality, is the merging of real and virtual worlds to
produce new environments and visualizations where physical and digital objects co-
exist and interact in real-time. It means placing new imagery within a real space in
such a way that the new imagery is able to interact, to an extent, with what is real in
the physical world we know

Source: Introduction to emerging technologies page 85

04/08/2024 10
 …Mixed Reality (MR)
Examples of MR: playing a virtual video game, grab your real-world water bottle, and
smack an imaginary character from the game with the bottle.
The key characteristic of MR is that
 The synthetic content and the real-world content are able to react to each other in
real-time.
 Imagination and reality have never been so intermingled.

04/08/2024 11
 …Mixed Reality (MR)
 MR allows you to see and immerse yourself in the world around you even as you
interact with a virtual environment using your own hands—all without ever
removing your headset.
 It provides the ability to have one foot (or hand) in the real world, and the other in
an imaginary place, breaking down basic concepts between real and imaginary,
offering an experience that can change the way you game and work today.

Source: Introduction to emerging technologies page 85

04/08/2024 12
 AR, VR and MR differences

Source: Introduction to emerging technologies page 82

04/08/2024 13
 Source: Introduction to emerging technologies page 87

04/08/2024 14
 Challenges of ARS
 HMDs lack in several aspects, such as ergonomics, high prices and relatively low
mobility due to their sizes and connectivity features.
 HMDs interaction with the real environment, which places virtual interactive zones
to the user, making the collision with these zones hard due to the difficulty to
interact with multiple points in different depths.
 Alternative approaches to solve HMD is the use of monitors and tablets. Monitors
are used as an option for the indirect view since the user does not look directly into
the mixed world. Tablets are used in direct view since the user points the camera to
the scene and looks directly into the mixed world. Both approaches still have
difficulties in getting a collision.

04/08/2024 15
 Applications of AR Systems
In education:
 Affordable learning materials
 Interactive lessons
 Higher engagement
 Higher retention
 Boost intellectual curiosity

Source: internet

04/08/2024 16
 Applications of AR Systems
In Medicine:
 Describing symptoms
 Nursing care
 Surgery
 Ultrasounds
 Diabetes management

Source: internet

04/08/2024 17
 …Applications of AR Systems
In Entertainment
 games
 music
 TV
 eSports
 heater

Source: internet

04/08/2024 18
 Review Questions
 Briefly explain AR,VR, and MR?
 What is the difference between augmented, virtual and mixed reality?
 Briefly explain the architecture of AR?
 Write down the challenges of AR?
 Write down some applications of AR system in education, entertainment and
medicine?

04/08/2024 19
 END!!

04/08/2024 20