Scribd
Upload
29 views

Lesson 23

The document discusses different types of claims: claims of fact, which assert that a condition exists or existed; claims of value, which make judgments about whether something is good or bad; and claims of policy, which suggest a specific course of action. It provides examples for each type of claim and emphasizes that claims must be backed by evidence and reasoning to be persuasive.

Uploaded by

mpanasco.coc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
29 views

Lesson 23

The document discusses different types of claims: claims of fact, which assert that a condition exists or existed; claims of value, which make judgments about whether something is good or bad; and claims of policy, which suggest a specific course of action. It provides examples for each type of claim and emphasizes that claims must be backed by evidence and reasoning to be persuasive.

Uploaded by

mpanasco.coc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

CLAIMS: FACT, VALUE, AND POLICY

Module 23
I can understand the
01 relationship of a written
text and the context in LESSON
which it was developed.

OBJECTIVES
I can identify and write
02 claims.
INTRODUCTIO
N
Learning the art of persuasion in
communication can be a daunting
task, especially when you have little
idea of how to make your claims
valid and relevant.

Making your claims fit to your


argument makes your convincing
power unbeatable because an
intelligent claim makes an
intelligent communication.
WHAT IS A CLAIM?
Claims backed by reasons that are supported
by evidence are called arguments.

To win an argument, you first have to make a


claim that is more than just an assertion. You
use critical thinking skills and argue your case
using claims, reason, and evidence. In rhetoric
and argumentation, a claim is an arguable
statement
— an idea that a rhetor (a speaker or writer)
asks an audience to accept.
CLAIM OF FACT
• A fact claim is a statement about how things
were in the past, how they are in the present, or
how they will be in the future.
• It is not a fact; it only claims to be a fact.
What makes it arguable is that the speaker has
no direct way of establishing the truth of the
claim.
• A persuasive speaker must provide arguments
which build a case in favors of the claim,
showing that the claim is probably true, or at
least is more likely true than false.
CLAIM OF FACT
A claim of fact asserts that a condition has existed,
exists, or will exist. It presents the argument that
the claim is true or specifies a specific term.

Examples:
• Studying for a test is one of the ways to get a
good score.

• Reading newspapers gives a debater an


advantage in supporting a claim on current
events.
CLAIM OF VALUE
Value claims are arguable statements concerning the
relative merits of something which is measured
subjectively. What makes a value claim arguable is that
different people may disagree on the criteria used to
evaluate something. Differing value claims may be
used to argue the value of a variety of topics.
Defending a value claim involves offering a set of
criteria for consideration, defending the set of
criteria as legitimate, and showing how applying the
criteria justifies the claim.
CLAIM OF VALUE
This type of claim assesses, appraises, or judges a
concept. You have made a claim of value if you
develop a position in which you say something
is good, bad, or that one thing is superior to
another.

Examples:
• Studying abroad is better than studying at a
local university.

• That debater is by far the best speaker in the


competition.
CLAIM OF POLICY
A policy claim is a statement regarding the
merits of one course of action as opposed to
other courses of action. What makes a policy
claim arguable is that, even though people and
institutions may not be totally certain about
the proper course of action to take, they still
must act. To argue in defense of a policy claim
is to state that, given the knowledge we have
at the present time, it is best to act in the
manner proposed rather than in some
alternative way.
CLAIM OF POLICY
A claim of policy is a claim that suggests a course
of action that ought to be followed in order to
address a specific issue. It suggests a precise
course of action that should be taken.

Examples:
• The government should create an effective
plan to address the traffic.

• To address the problem in the country, the


government should support education further.
WRAP UP
A claim of fact asserts that a condition has existed, exists, or will
A exist. It presents the argument that the claim is true or specifies a
specific term.

A claim of value assesses, appraises, or judges a concept. In this


B claim, you develop a position in which you say something is good,
bad, or that one thing is superior to another.

A claim of policy is a claim that suggests a course of action that


C ought to be followed in order to address a specific issue. It suggests a
precise course of action that should be taken.
ACTIVITY 3 - SKILL BUILDING ACTIVITY
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING

You might also like