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Normality and Reliability

The document discusses normality, reliability, validity, and scaling in measuring abstract concepts. It provides examples of calculating Cronbach's alpha and item-total statistics to measure the reliability of a 10 item scale. Two items are identified as having relatively low correlations and removing them could increase the alpha reliability statistic.

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Darling Selvi
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25 views

Normality and Reliability

The document discusses normality, reliability, validity, and scaling in measuring abstract concepts. It provides examples of calculating Cronbach's alpha and item-total statistics to measure the reliability of a 10 item scale. Two items are identified as having relatively low correlations and removing them could increase the alpha reliability statistic.

Uploaded by

Darling Selvi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Normality and Reliability

Dr. V. Darling Selvi, Assistant Professor


Rani Anna Government College for Women,
Tirunelveli
The p values .200 and .674 are greater than 0.05
which imply that it is acceptable to assume that
the weight distribution is normal or bell-shaped
Reliability, Validity, and Scaling
• Concurrent Validity: Are scores on our instrument strongly
correlated with scores on other concurrent variables (variables
that are measured at the same time).
• Predictive Validity: Can our instrument predict future
performance on an activity that is related to the construct we
are measuring?
• Convergent Validity: Is our instrument well correlated with
measures of other constructs to which it should, theoretically,
be related?
• Discriminant Validity: Is our instrument not well correlated
with measures of other constructs to which it should not be
related?
Scaling

Scaling involves the construction of instruments for


the purpose of measuring abstract concepts such
as intelligence, hypomania, ethical ideology,
misanthropy, political conservatism, and so on.

A B C D E

strongly disagree no opinion agree strongly


disagree agree
Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items
.744 10
Item-Total Statistics

Scale Corrected Cronbach's


Scale Mean if Variance if Item-Total Alpha if Item
Item Deleted Item Deleted Correlation Deleted
Q1 32.42 23.453 .444 .718
Q2 32.79 22.702 .441 .717
Q3 32.79 21.122 .604 .690
Q4 32.33 22.436 .532 .705
Q5 32.33 22.277 .623 .695
Q6 32.07 24.807 .337 .733
Q7 34.29 24.152 .247 .749
Q8 32.49 24.332 .308 .736
Q9 33.38 22.063 .406 .725
Q10 33.43 24.650 .201 .755

There are two items, numbers 7 and 10, which have rather
low item-total correlations, and the alpha would go up if they
were deleted

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