FOOTBALL

Presentation by: Lorenzo

 What is Football?
Played between 2 slides of 11 players with a spherical
ball, football is one of the most popular sports in the
world. Like any other ball game, the objective of football
is to outscore your opponents. A goal is scored when the
entire ball crosses the goal line between the goalposts. A
draw is when both teams score the same amount of goals
during the allotted time.
 Where did Football began?
Football's modern origins began in England more than 100 years
ago, in 1863. Rugby football and association football, once the
same thing, went their separate ways and the Football
Association, the first official governing body for the sport, was
established.
Records show that, in 1314, the Lord Mayor of London banned
football in the city due to it causing ‘chaos’. Despite opposition
for the game, football thrived in Britain from the 8th to 19th
centuries, however, a standardised version of the game was still
a rarity as regional versions often gained favour. These different
versions of the game were neatened up to eventually become
association football, rugby football and Gaelic football, all of
which contributed to the contemporary equivalent of the game
we play today.
The Fédération Internationale de Football
Association (FIFA) was established in Paris
in 1904. Its founding members included
Belgium, France, Denmark, the Netherlands,
Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. By the
1950s, after the Second World War, there
were more than 73 FIFA members.
Facilities and Equipment
 Facilities
Soccer Pitch Dimensions -

● Pitch Length (touch line): The minimum length

is 90 metres and the maximum length is 120
metres.
● Pitch Width (goal line): The minimum length is
45 metres and the maximum is 90 metres wide.
The 15 Pieces of Soccer Field Equipment
Used in Every Game
1. Two Goalposts and a Crossbar
The first piece of soccer field equipment that is
used in a game of soccer is the goal frame.
2. A Goal Net

A net is useful not just to stop the ball when a

goal has been scored but also clearly show the
ball has passed between the goalposts and not
missed on either side on the outside of the post.
3. Corner Flags
The corner flag is there to clearly show
where the boundary of the field is.

4. Soccer Ball
Soccer balls come in 5 different sizes. For anyone over the
age of 12, a size 5 ball is the best option. For those aged
around 8 to 12, it is probably best to use a size 4 soccer ball.
And for those under age 8, a size 3 ball would be best.
5. Shin Guards
Having a good pair of shin guards can give
protection for your shins but, at the same time,
will still give you good freedom of movement.

6. Soccer
Jersey
This is to identify all the players as being on one
team and to make it easier to pick out the other
players on your team while you’re in the middle of a
game.
 7. Long Socks
The reason for the socks being long rather than short is
due to the fact that the socks are required to cover the
shin guards that are being worn.
8. Soccer Shoes or Cleats
Although there is no rule requiring a player to
wear cleats, every soccer player will wear them in
a game as they provide such a significant
advantage over wearing flat-soled shoes.
9. Goalkeeper Gloves
Goalies wear them not just to protect their hands from
the sting of a ball traveling towards them at speed but
also to provide more grip when they need to catch or
stop the ball.

10. Goalkeepers Uniform

Wearing a different uniform allows not just the referee to
be able to easily tell the goalkeeper apart but also helps the
other players on the team know where the goalkeeper is,
especially while the ball is in the penalty area.
11. Referee’s whistle
The referee carries the whistle with them at all times. It is
often attached to their wrist with a strap. The whistle is an
important tool for the referee to use when communicating
with players on the field. It helps them to understand what
is happening and what is expected of them.

12. A Referee’s Watch

Being able to accurately keep time during a soccer game is
one of the more important jobs for a referee.
13. Red and Yellow Cards
When a referee shows a player a yellow card, it signifies a
warning.If the offense is serious enough that the referee
decides that they should take no further part in the game,
then the referee can show a player a red card straight
away.

14. Referee’s Uniform

Traditionally all referees wore black, but these days you
may see the referee’s in a wide variety of colors.
15. Referee’s Assistant’s Flags
In a game of soccer, there are often two assistant referees who
patrol the sidelines of the soccer fields. Each of these assistant
referees carries a flag with them.The intention of these flags is
to clearly signal to the referee when an infringement of the
rules has happened. In addition, the flag acts as an extension
of the arm, as a flag is more likely to catch the referee’s
attention than just waving an arm.
Rules of Football (Soccer)
● A match consists of two 45 minutes halves with a
15 minute rest period in between.
● Each team can have a minimum off 11 players
(including 1 goalkeeper who is the only player
allowed to handle the ball within the 18 yard box)
and a minimum of 7 players are
● The field must be made of either artificial or natural
grass. The size of pitches is allowed to vary but must be
within 100-130 yards long and 50-100 yards wide. The
pitch must also be marked with a rectangular shape
around the outside showing out of bounds, two six yard
boxes, two 18 yard boxes and a centre circle. A spot for a
penalty placed 12 yards out of both goals and centre
circle must also be visible.
● The ball must have a circumference of 58-61cm and be
of a circular shape.
● Each team can name up to 7 substitute players.
Substitutions can be made at any time of the match
with each team being able to make a maximum of 3
substitutions per side. In the event of all three
substitutes being made and a player having to leave
the field for injury the team will be forced to play
without a replacement for that player.
● Each game must include one referee and two assistant
referee’s (linesmen). It’s the job of the referee to act as
time keeper and make any decisions which may need to
be made such as fouls, free kicks, throw ins, penalties and
added on time at the end of each half. The referee may
consult the assistant referees at any time in the match
regarding a decision. It’s the assistant referee’s job to spot
offside’s in the match (see below), throw ins for either
team and also assist the referee in all decision making
processes where appropriate
● If the game needs to head to extra time as a result of
both teams being level in a match then 30 minutes will
be added in the form of two 15 minute halves after the
allotted 90 minutes.
● If teams are still level after extra time then a penalty
shootout must take place.
● The whole ball must cross the goal line for it to
constitute as a goal.
● For fouls committed a player could receive either a yellow
or red card depending on the severity of the foul; this
comes down to the referee’s discretion. The yellow is a
warning and a red card is a dismissal of that player. Two
yellow cards will equal one red. Once a player is sent off
then they cannot be replaced.
● If a ball goes out of play off an opponent in either of the
side lines then it is given as a throw in. If it goes out of
play off an attacking player on the base line then it is a
goal kick. If it comes off a defending player it is a corner
kick.
The Offside Rule in Football
● Offside can be called when an attacking player is in front of the
last defender when the pass is played through to them. The
offside area is designed to discourage players from simply
hanging around the opponent’s goal waiting for a pass. To be
onside they must be placed behind the last defender when the
ball is played to them. If the player is in front of that last
defender then he is deemed to be offside and free kick to the
defending team will be called.
● A player cannot be caught offside in their own half. The
goalkeeper does not count as a defender. If the ball is played
backwards and the player is in front of the last defender then
he is deemed to be not offside.
Basic skills of Football
1. Passing and receiving.
2. Shooting.
3. Decision making.
4. Dribbling.
5. Touch and ball control.
6. Skills and tricks.
7. Running off the ball.
Passing and Receiving
These two basic tools are the most essential
ingredients for any footballer’s success. Accuracy is
the key when it comes to passing and receiving. It
makes open play fluid and ensures constant progress
up the field that can result in creating scoring
opportunities.
How to develop this skill:
Training with another player by exchanging passes is
the most basic drill to develop this skill. You could also
play 2v2 or 3v3 games in a very small area to further
develop your passing ability. In the absence of a
partner, Chhangte suggests passing the ball against a
wall and receiving the ball from the bounce back.
Shooting
Every player needs accurate shooting skills, especially
attacking players like Chhangte. During the 2021-2022
ISL season, Chhangte scored a screamer against
NorthEast United FC from outside the box, which he
says has been a result of the work that he’s put in
during the offseason.
How to develop this skill:
A simple drill is to shoot at a goal, targeting a very
specific corner of the goal to hit the ball towards with
each shot. Chhangte recommends a variation to this
drill by adding a defender in a 1v1 situation so you
further improve your skills for game situations.
Decision making
When Chhangte had the chance to work with the
Liverpool academy in 2016, he observed a stark
difference in the way the players approached the
game.
“When the Europeans get the ball, they already know
where to pass. In India, we receive the ball and then
decide which direction to pass. I believe that it’s
important to know where you are going to pass even
before you receive the ball,” Chhangte says.
How to develop this skill:
To pull this off, Chhangte believes that awareness on
the pitch at all times is critical. To develop this skill,
pay attention to positions of players on the field
during matches, whether you are playing or just
watching. Chhangte says the ability to make the right
decision can only be mastered through experience.
Dribbling
It’s a regular sight to watch Chhangte blazing down
the pitch. But the pace can only be productive with
the right ball control, balance and dribbling skills to
beat the marker.
How to develop this skill:
During training, Chhangte creates a grid using cones; then he
has the ball at his feet and runs with it at pace around the
obstacles, keeping the ball close to his body at all times. Change
the positions of the cones every time you practice this drill.
Aside from this drill, you could also practice zigzag runs,
shuttles up and down, diagonal dribbles and working on each
foot individually. As you get better with your dribbling ability,
reduce the gap between the cones to make the drill tougher.
“It’s important to work with both the left and right foot. I also
find it very useful to have a defender who is constantly trying to
take the ball away from you while practicing dribbling,”
Chhangte says.
Touch and ball control
A player’s ball control can be critical in building up
play, especially at the time of receiving the ball.
Chhangte says he developed his ball control skills by
simply juggling the ball at every opportunity.
How to develop this skill:
Practice drills in which you have to control the ball
with two touches; for example, passing drills in which
you receive the ball from a partner and control it with
one touch before passing it back with the second
touch. Progress to practicing the drill with a single
touch. Keepy-uppies are also useful in developing this
skill.
Skills and tricks
Chhangte believes it is important to have a few skills
in the bag that can help a player beat the defender in
1v1 situations.
“There are a lot of skills that you can pick up from
YouTube. The key is to master a few of them that you
can confidently pull off in the game, rather than
knowing too many that you’re probably unsure of,”
Chhangte says.
How to develop this skill:
Look up some skills online and practice them over
multiple repetitions until you have perfected them to
use in game situations. Start with basic skills like the
scissors move and progress to complex skills like the
Cruyff Turn.
Running off the ball
A lot can be done by a player without the ball being
present at the feet. For instance, a well-timed run in
space can create multiple attacking chances for the
team.
“Instead of attacking 1v1 or dribbling past multiple
players, the right run can help beat defenders in a flash
and create good scoring opportunities,” Chhangte says.
How to develop this skill:
Since he operates on the wings most times,
Chhangte usually practices diagonal runs into the
middle, where he attacks the ball that has been
put through by another player. This is best
practiced in match situations.
THANKYOU FOR
LISTENING!!!!