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Down Syndrome AP

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Nikolay Kotevski
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53 views11 pages

Down Syndrome AP

Uploaded by

Nikolay Kotevski
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Down Syndrome

Alexander Petkov
Definiton

 Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by an extra


copy of chromosome 21. It impairs physical and mental
development and causes various physical and mental
disorders.
 Extra chromosomes affect physical development in many
ways, including physical growth, facial features, and
cognitive abilities.
Symptoms

 Down syndrome can cause a variety of physical and


mental symptoms, including low muscle tone, short
stature, flat facial features, and cognitive delays.
 People with Down syndrome may also have vision and
hearing problems, heart defects, and other health
problems.
Cause

 Down syndrome is caused by mutations in the 21st


chromosome that result in extra copies of that
chromosome in some or all of the body's cells.
 This extra chromosome can cause a variety of
physical and mental disorders, depending on the
individual and the severity of the mutation.
Inherited

 Down syndrome can be inherited from either parent,


regardless of gender. It is a recessive disorder and both
parents must carry the mutated gene for a child to have
Down syndrome.
 It is estimated that 1 in 700 of her babies are born with
Down syndrome, making him one of the most common
genetic disorders.
Treatment

 There is no cure for Down syndrome, but there are


treatments to relieve symptoms. These treatments
include physical, occupational, and speech therapy, and
medications to support physical and mental health.
 Gene therapy is also being investigated as a treatment
for Down syndrome, although it is still in the early
stages of research.
Diagnostic Tests

 Down syndrome can be diagnosed prenatally or


postnatally. Tests to diagnose Down syndrome include
amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, and ultrasound.
 Genetic counseling is also recommended to help people
with Down syndrome understand the impact of the disorder
and provide support and resources.
Frequency in the population

 About 6,000 babies are born with Down


syndrome each year in the United States.
This means that about 1 in 700 babies will
develop Down syndrome.
Article slide

 Here are 3 interesting facts that I found, while conducting the research:
 DS is the most common chromosomal abnormality diagnosed in the United States. About 6,000 babies (1 in
700) are born with DS each year.
 Down syndrome is nothing new. In fact, the first evidence of its existence dates to 2,500 years before him.
DS facial features can be found on some old pottery and paintings. The syndrome is named after the English
physician John Langdon, who published his clinical description in 1866.
 Doctors use maternal blood tests and ultrasounds to detect DS in early pregnancy. Because the condition is
more likely to occur in pregnant women over the age of 35, screening tests are often recommended for this
age group. More invasive prenatal diagnostic tools (such as amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling)
can diagnose or confirm DS if a screening test
Thank you for your attention!
Sources:

 Google. (n.d.). FACT IMAGE. Google image result for https://charityvillage.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/facts_feature.png. Retrieved November 25, 2022, from https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A
%2F%2Fcharityvillage.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F12%2Ffacts_feature.png&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fptop.only.wip.la%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fcharityvillage.com%2Fthe-facts-on-facts-using-data-effectively-for-change
%2F&tbnid=k2OTnwkD2TTRyM&vet=12ahUKEwjcofLfu8n7AhXt5bsIHYSpBdQQMygDegUIARDbAQ..i&docid=TsAVPBrQKuZqyM&w=1067&h=600&q=facts&safe=active&ved=2ahUKEwjcofLfu8n7AhXt5bsIHYSpBd
QQMygDegUIARDbAQ

 (no date) Google image result for https://stewarthome.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/IMG_8631-3.jpg. Google. Available at: https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fptop.only.wip.la%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fstewarthome.com%2Fwp-
content%2Fuploads%2F2017%2F07%2FIMG_8631-3.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fptop.only.wip.la%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fstewarthome.com%2Fdownsyndromeisbeautiful%2F&tbnid=2jJFFuTJRUY_qM&vet=10CHUQMyiaAWoXChMIkP-apLnJ-
wIVAAAAAB0AAAAAEAI..i&docid=DC-dPx_Ns9w8AM&w=1700&h=1133&q=what+is+down+syndrome%3F&hl=en&safe=active&ved=0CHUQMyiaAWoXChMIkP-apLnJ-wIVAAAAAB0AAAAAEAI (Accessed:
November 25, 2022).

 Down syndrome (2018) Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/down-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20355977
(Accessed: November 25, 2022).

 Down syndrome (no date) MedlinePlus. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Available at: https://medlineplus.gov/downsyndrome.html#:~:text=Down%20syndrome%20cannot%20be%20cured,syndrome%20live
%20happy%2C%20productive%20lives. (Accessed: November 25, 2022).

 UCSF Health (2022) Prenatal testing for down syndrome, ucsfhealth.org. UCSF Health. Available at: https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/prenatal-testing-for-down-syndrome#:~:text=Amniocentesis%2C
%20chorionic%20villus%20sampling%20(CVS,problems%20such%20as%20Down%20syndrome. (Accessed: November 25, 2022).

 Data and statistics on Down Syndrome (2020) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at:
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/downsyndrome/data.html#:~:text=Down%20syndrome%20continues%20to%20be,in%20every%20700%20babies%20born. (Accessed: November 25, 2022).

 4 Minute ReadMedically Reviewed by UPMCJanuary 26, 2021 (2021) Down syndrome: 10 facts you should know, UPMC HealthBeat. Available at: https://share.upmc.com/2021/01/10-facts-about-down-syndrome/
(Accessed: November 25, 2022).

 Stock images, photos, vectors, video, and music (no date) Shutterstock. Available at: https://www.shutterstock.com/ (Accessed: November 25, 2022).

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