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CLASSIFYING Invertebrates

The document classifies invertebrates into different phyla including sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, roundworms, segmented worms, mollusks, arthropods, and echinoderms. It describes key characteristics of each phylum such as their body structure, symmetry, habitat, and examples of common species.

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55 views19 pages

CLASSIFYING Invertebrates

The document classifies invertebrates into different phyla including sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, roundworms, segmented worms, mollusks, arthropods, and echinoderms. It describes key characteristics of each phylum such as their body structure, symmetry, habitat, and examples of common species.

Uploaded by

cristian gonzalez
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CLASSIFYING

INVERTEBRATES
OCS Biology
Mrs. Bonifay
INVERTEBRATES

 Every animal that is not a vertebrate is an


invertebrate.
 Invertebrates do NOT have backbones.
 Invertebrates make up about 97% of all
animal species.
SPONGES

 Sponges are the simplest animal.


 Sponges’ bodies are made up of two
layers of cells without any tissue or
organs.
 All sponges live in water.
SPONGES

 Sponges strain food particles out of the


water which enters through pores in the
body wall.
 If you use a natural bath sponge, you are
using the skeleton of a dead sponge.
CNIDARIANS

 Cnidarians include jellyfish, corals, and


hydras.
 All of the approximately 10,000 species
of cnidarians live in the water.
 Cnidarians have body parts that are
arranged like spokes on a wheel. This is
called radial symmetry.
CNIDARIANS

 Cnidarians have arm-like tentacles with


stinging cells.
 These tentacles capture prey and push
them into the body to digested.
FLATWORMS
 Flatworms are flat and thin.
 Their bodies have a left side and a right side
that are the same. This is called bilateral
symmetry.
 There are more than 20,000 species of
flatworms and most are parasites which live in
or on other animals.
 An example is the tapeworm which live in the
intestines of vertebrates and absorb nutrients.
ROUNDWORMS

 Roundworms have long, round bodies


that are pointed on each end.
 Roundworms also have bilateral
symmetry.
 Of the approximate 80,000 species of
roundworms, only about 150 are
parasites.
ROUNDWORMS

 Many roundworms live in soil or in water


and help plants by insect pests.
 An example of a parasite roundworm is
the hookworm which enters the body
through the skin, settles in the intestines,
and feeds on blood.
SEGMENTED WORMS
 Segmented worms have bodies that are
divided into many sections, or segments.
 Segmented worms live in the soil, freshwater,
and the ocean.
 The earthworm is the most familiar segmented
worm. Earthworms tunnel through soil eating
small food particles. They loosen
the soil, allowing air to enter which
helps plants grow.
SEGMENTED WORMS

 Another example of a segmented worm


is the leech. Some leeches eat small
invertebrates, but some are parasites.
They attach to the skin of a vertebrate
and feed on its blood.
MOLLUSKS
 Mollusks have three parts: head, body, and
foot.
 Snails and slugs make up the largest group of
mollusks.
 Some mollusks, such as snails, clams, and
oysters, have outer shells.
 Other mollusks, such as squids, octopuses,
and slugs, have no outer shell. This allows
them to swim very fast.
ARTHROPODS
 Arthropods are the largest group of invertebrates,
making up more than 75% of all animal species.
 The major groups of arthropods are :
1. crustaceans (crabs, lobsters, crayfish)
2. arachnids (spiders, scorpions, mites, ticks)
3. centipedes
4. millipedes
5. insects
 All arthropods have external skeletons, which they
must shed to grow. This is called molting.
Crustaceans

 Crustaceans have 5 pairs of legs, some


of which have claws to help them handle
food.
 The two legs closest to the head have
powerful claws used for protection.
Arachnids

 Arachnids have 4 pairs of legs.


 Spiders and scorpions inject poison into
their prey to capture them.
 Mites feed on hair and dead skin.
 Ticks feed on blood.
Centipedes & Millipedes
 Centipedes’ and millipedes’ bodies have up to
175 segments.
 Centipedes have one pair of long legs on each
segment. They move
quickly.

 Millipedes have two pair of short legs on each


segment. They move
 slowly.
Insects

 Insects have 3 pairs of legs and most


have one or two pairs of wings. They are
the only invertebrates that can fly.
 Many insects are pests; however, many
are helpful to humans, such as bees.
 Most insects go through metamorphosis.
Complete & Incomplete
Metamorphosis
 Butterflies go through complete
metamorphosis in which the first
3 stages look nothing like the
stage 4 adult butterfly.
 Grasshoppers go through incomplete
metamorphosis in which the eggs hatch
into a stage that looks similar to the adult
grasshopper.
ECHINODERMS

 All echinoderms live in the ocean.


 Their bodies have radial symmetry.
 Echinoderms use tube feet to move.
 Examples are sea stars (starfish), sea
urchins, and sand dollars.

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