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STS (Lesson 4)

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24 views

STS (Lesson 4)

Uploaded by

pabulayanerich
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Ethics and

Values in
Science,
Technology,
and Society
OBJECTIVES
02
01 03
understand recognize the duplicity of recognize what it
Heidegger's modern technology as both takes to consider the
understanding of a danger and a saving saving grace of
technology as grace; and technology.
enframing,
Introductio
n
The intersection of
science, technology,
ethics, and values is
often seen as a play
between these terms,
influencing our
understanding of
humanity and our role in
the physical universe.
This relationship is
influenced by the
juxtaposition of
these terms
together, creating a
complex and
interconnected
Heidegger's philosophical essay,
"Heidegger's Question Concerning
Technology," explores how
technology's creative roots are
obscured by mechanization,
leading to a view of nature as a
hidden reserve. He challenges this
perspective by referencing the
arts' forgotten roots and urging us
to question and confront its
limitations.
In 1949, Heidegger's lecture on The
Thing, Enframing, The Danger, and The
Turning emphasized the importance of
questioning technology, aiming to open
our understanding of technology
through extraordinary language use.
Heidegger's project explores modern
technologies' contrasting nature-
stewardship with pre-industrialized
versions, suggesting we must question
them to understand our relationship
with them and demystify their chains.
Heidegger's instrumental and
anthropological ways of
understanding technology are
interrelated, viewing it as a means
to an end and as a human activity.
Heidegger views technology as a
human activity involving equipment,
tools, and machines, akin to an
instrumentum in Latin, forming the
instrumental and anthropological
understanding of technology.
Understanding technology through a
causality perspective, focusing on the four
Aristotelian causes: material, formal, final,
and efficient, is crucial for comprehending
its nature. Technology operates within the
realm of truth, making revealing possible
and enabling a united way of appearance.
Heidegger's theory of technology focuses on bringing forth

specific bringing forth modes, including ends, means, and

instrumentality. Technology is a form of revealing, involving the

activities of craftsmen, mind, and fine arts. Heidegger sees téchnë

as a poetic aspect of technology, related to epistëmë, a broad way

of knowing. Téchnë is not about constructing or conceptualizing.


Heidegger's understanding of technë, or the Greek
concept of téchnë, is evolving as we confront
machine-powered technology in the modern world.
He argues that technology's relationship with
modern science is "revealing," similar to physics.
However, understanding this different type of
revealing is challenging due to its unreasonable
energy demand.
Modern science and technology reveal
different types of revealing, as modern
technology differs from non-machine-
powered ones due to its unreasonable
demand for energy stored and extracted,
and the revealing process is not simply
unfolding.
Modern technology, as Heidegger
suggests, reveals its energy as a standing
reserve, akin to nature as our captive. This
reduction affects our understanding of
nature and humanity, making us a
standing reserve unto ourselves.
Modern technology, known as "enframing,"
reduces the world to objects, viewing humanity
as a "standing reserve." Heidegger explains the
relationship between physics and modern
technology, stating that physics, a precursor to
18th-century technology, initially understood
nature as self-serving, concealing its essence.
Technology's essence lies in enframing, which
organizes the real as a standing reserve. Humans
are compelled by enframing to reveal the real in a
deterministic way, known as destining. However,
technology can also reveal and destine, allowing
freedom. Modern technology's ordering processes
create standing reserves and standards, but can
also obscure the real.
Heidegger's enframing theory suggests that
the hidden nature of reality can lead to
misinterpretation and a reduction of humans
to mere orderers, thereby endangering their
relationship with themselves and everything,
and causing a sense of poiésis.
Modern technology's essence lies in
enframing, which challenges humanity by
reducing us but also allowing us to manifest
nature. To save technology, we must invest in
critical thinking and resist the reduction of
ourselves as mere reserves. By resisting
danger, we can ensure technology offers a
sustainable future.
Heidegger's theory suggests that modern
technology can either challenge the order that
blocks views and endangers truth, or help
humanity preserve the essence of truth. By
questioning technology through the arts, we can
explore its potential in revealing truth.

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