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B - SubsetsOfALine

The document discusses basic geometry concepts including the origin of the word geometry, undefined terms in geometry, postulates, theorems, corollaries, lines, segments, distance between points, collinearity, coplanarity, betweenness, midpoints of segments, congruent segments, and rays.

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krishnagazelle.gansico
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15 views

B - SubsetsOfALine

The document discusses basic geometry concepts including the origin of the word geometry, undefined terms in geometry, postulates, theorems, corollaries, lines, segments, distance between points, collinearity, coplanarity, betweenness, midpoints of segments, congruent segments, and rays.

Uploaded by

krishnagazelle.gansico
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GEOMETR

Y
CHECK-UP
TIME!
1. Origin of the word “Geometry”
2. Who is the Father of Geometry?
3. What is the title of the book of
Euclid?
4. What are the undefined terms in
Geometry?
To better understand the
relationship between and
among points, lines, and
planes, it is necessary to
define the terms postulates,
theorems and corollary.
Postulate
- is a statement
which is accepted
- is a statement that
as true without
needs to be proven.
proof.

- Direct consequence
of another theorem
Subsets of a Line
A line is an infinite set of points.
Line Postulate
Two points determine exactly one line.

l A P B

In the figure above, the part of line l from point A to point B is called a segment.

Definition of a Segment
Segment AB, denoted by or is the
union of points A and B and all the
points between them. A and B are called
the endpoints of the segments.
A segment is a subset of a line. The length of the segment is the
distance between its endpoints. In the previous illustration, the
length of is the distance between A and B. It is denoted by AB.

?
DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS
On the number line below, the distance between points A and B denoted by AB is;

Find AB.

or

The Ruler Postulate


There is one-to-one correspondence between the points of a line
and the set of real numbers such that the distance between any
two points of the line is the absolute value of the difference
between the corresponding numbers.
Collinearity and Coplanarity
In the figure below, points A and B are collinear because they lie on the same line
m. Points C and D on line n are collinear. Points E and C on line k are collinear. But E
on line k is not collinear with points C and D on line n.
A and B on m, C and D on n, and all other points on these lines which are on plane
P are coplanar. But E and other points on k, except C are not coplanar with m and n.

Definition of Collinear Points and Coplanar Points


Points are collinear if they are on the same line.
Points are coplanar if they are on the same plane.
Definition of a Betweenness
Point P is said to be between A and B if and only if A, P, and B are
distinct points on the same line.

On the number line, N is between M and P, then . Find MP.

;
Why is it that the number
line presented has an
infinity symbol on both
sides with opposite signs?
Midpoint of a Segment
In the number line, the distance of M from A
is 6 and the distance of M from B is also 6. This
point M which lies between A and B and
equidistant from A and from B is said to be the
midpoint of AB. Definition of Midpoint of a Segment
M is the midpoint of AB if and only if
Find the coordinate of R. •M lies between A and B, and
•AM=MB

Theorem 1
Every segment has exactly one midpoint.
Congruent Segments

Definition of a Congruent Segments


is congruent to if and only if the length of is equal to the length of .
In symbols,
if and only if .
Note: The symbol “” is read as “is congruent to”
A P B

How many rays are


there in a line?
Ray
A ray is another subset of a line. A ray starts at
one point of a line and goes indefinitely in one
direction.

Ray , denoted by , starts from point P and goes indefinitely to the right. P is called endpoint of .

Definition of a Ray
Ray is the union of and all points
such that is between and .

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