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Finding Answers Through Data Collection

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Nadzma Ansar
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17 views

Finding Answers Through Data Collection

Uploaded by

Nadzma Ansar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Finding Answers through

Data Collection
Data Collection Techniques

1.Observation
2.Interview
3.Questionnaire
Observation 1
Observation is a technique of gathering data
whereby you personally watch, interact, or
communicate with the subjects of your research.
Through this data gathering technique,
proofs to support your claims or conclusions
about your topic are obtained in a natural
setting.
Types of Observation
1. Participant Observation 1
- the researcher takes part in the activities of the
individual or group being observed.

2. Non – Participation or Structured Observation 4


- this type of observation completely detaches you
from the target of your observation. In here, you just
watch and listen to them do their own thing, without
you participating in any of their activities.
Methods of Observation
1. Direct Observation 3
This observation method makes you see or listen to
everything that happens in the area of observation.

2. Indirect Observation 5
This method is also called behavior archaeology
because, here, you observe traces of past events to get
information or a measure of behavior, trait, or quality of your
subject.
Methods of Indirect Observation
1. Continuous Monitoring or CM
- in this method, the researcher is going to
evaluate the way people deal with one another.

2. Spot Sampling or Scan Sampling


- this focuses on researching the extent of
children’s nervous habits as they would go through
their regular personality development.
Interview 6
In research, interview is a data gathering
technique that makes you verbally ask the
subjects or respondents questions to give
answers to what your research study is trying
to look for.
This aims at knowing what the respondents think and
feel about the topic of your research.
Types of Interview
1. Structured Interview 9
- This is an interview that requires the
use of an interview schedule or a list of
questions answerable with one and only item
from a set of alternative responses.
2. Unstructured Interview 11
- In this type of interview, the respondents answer the
questions based on what they personally think and feel about
it. There are no suggested answers.
3. Semi-structured Interview 10
- Here, you prepare a schedule or a list of questions that
is accompanied by a list of expressions from where the
respondents can pick out the correct answers. However, after
choosing one from the suggested answers, the respondents
answer another set of questions to make them explain the
reasons behind their choices.
Interview Approaches
1. Individual Interview 7
- only one respondent is interviewed here. The reason behind this one-
on-one interview is the lack of trust the interviewees have among
themselves.
2. Group Interview
12
- In this interview, you ask the question not to one person, but to a
group of people at the same time.
3. Mediated Interview 8
- No face-to-face interview is true for this interview approach because
this takes place through electronic communication devices such as
telephones, mobile phones, or email, among others.
Steps in Conducting an Interview
1.Getting to know each other
2.Having an idea of the research
3.Starting the interview
4.Conducting the interview proper
5.Putting an end to the interview
6.Pondering over interview afterthoughts
Questionnaire 15
A questionnaire is a paper containing a list of
questions including the specific place and space in the
paper where you write the answers to the questions.
This prepared set of questions elicits factual or
opinionated answers from the respondent’s through
his or her acts of checking one chosen answer from
several options or of writing on a line provided for any
opinionated answer. (Babbie 2013)
Purpose of a Questionnaire:
1. To discover people’s thoughts and feelings about the
topic of the research.
2. To assist you in conducting an effective face-to-face
interview with your respondents.
3. To help you plan how to obtain and record the
answers to your questions.
4. To make the analysis, recording, and coding of data
easier and faster.
Types of Questionnaire
1. Postal Questionnaire 13
- this type of questionnaire goes to the respondent
through postal service or electronic mail.

2. Self-Administered Questionnaire 14
- This kind of questionnaire makes you act as the
interviewer and the interviewee as the same time. First,
you ask the questions either in person or through phone;
then you will be writing the interviewee’s answers on a
piece of paper.

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