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What Is Urinary System

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23 views

What Is Urinary System

Uploaded by

wmaximoff426
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Urinary System

Presented by:
Mariel A. Dayonayos
Archelyn G. Regis
Jessica Maria E. Prado
Risha Mary Gurro
Daniela Grace M. Ramos
Angel Rose Cezar
COMPONENTS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

• Kidneys: Main filtration organs.


• Ureters: Tubes connecting kidneys to the
bladder.
• Bladder: Reservoir for urine storage.
• Urethra: Tube for urine elimination from
the body
Function
• Excretion
• Regulation of blood volume and pressure
• Regulation of the concentration of solutes in
the blood
• Regulation of extracellular fluid pH
• regulation of vitamin D synthesis
LOCATION AND EXTERNAL ANATOMY

• Kidney- bean shaped organs, each about the size of


tightly clenched fist.
• Renal Capsule- CT that surrounds each kidney.
• Hilum- where the renal artery and nervous enter
• Renal sinus- cavity that contains blood vessels
ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY OF THE KIDNEYS

Cortex (outer) Medulla (inner) - surround the renal sinus

Renal pyramids- located between the cortex and medulla.

Cortex (outer) Medulla (inner) - surround the renal sinus

Calyx- Funnel-shaped structure that sorrounds the tip of each pyramid

Renal pelvis- formed by calyces into a larger funnel.

Ureter- exits the kidney and connects to the urinary bladder.


NEPHRON
-functional unit of the kidney.

• Renal corpuscle
⚬ Bowman’s capsule
⚬ Glomerulus
• Proximal convoluted tubule
• Loop of Henle
• Distal convoluted tubule
• Collecting duct
• Papillary duct
• Juxtamedullary nephron’s (15%)
• Cortical nephron (85%)
• Bowman’s Capsule
• Glomerus
• Podocytes
• Filtration membrane
• Filtrate
• Afferent arteriole
• Efferent arteriole
• Juxtaglomerular
URETHRA

• Tube connecting the bladder to the


external body.
• Carries urine out of the body.
• Allows for controlled urine release.
Arteries and Veins
• Renal arteries
• Interlobar arteries
• Arcute arteries
• Interlobular arteries
• Afferent arterioles
• Efferent arterioles
• Peritubular capillaries
• Vasa recta
• Juxtaglomerular apparatus
URINE PRODUCTION
• Filtration
-Filtration pressure
- Glomerular capillary pressure
- Capsular pressure
- Colloid osmotic pressure
- Regulation of filtration
- Cardiovascular shock
2. Tubular Reabsorption
3. Tubular Secretion
-Ureters
-Urinary bladder
-Urethra
MICRUTRITION REFLEX
Neural Control of Micturition
The neural control of micturition, or the process of
emptying the bladder, is a complex and
coordinated activity involving the nervous system
and various structures in the urinary system. Here's
an overview of the neural control of micturition:
• Storage Phase:
• Initiation of Voiding (Micturition Reflex):
• Efferent Signals:
• Relaxation of the Sphincters:
• Coordination and Conscious Control:
• Inhibition of Micturition
HORMONES AND THE URINARY SYSTEM
• Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH/ 2. Aldosterone 3. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
Vasopressin: (ANP)
• Source: Adrenal Glands.
• Primary Function: Regulates • Source: Atria of the Heart.
• Source: Hypothalamus (produced) electrolytes, especially sodium and • Primary Function: Regulates
and Pituitary Gland (released). potassium. blood volume and pressure.
• Primary Function: Regulates water • Action: Acts on distal tubules and • Action: Increases sodium and
balance. collecting ducts of kidneys, water excretion in the kidneys.
• Action: Controls reabsorption of promoting sodium reabsorption • Role: Counters effects of
water in the kidneys. and potassium excretion. aldosterone, prevents excessive
• Trigger: Released in response to • Role: Maintains blood pressure salt and water retention.
dehydration or increased blood and electrolyte balance. • Trigger: Released in response
osmolality. • Trigger: Release stimulated by low to increased blood volume and
• Effect: Reduces urine output, blood sodium or high potassium pressure.
conserving water. levels.
HORMONES AND THE URINARY SYSTEM
4. Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone
5. Erythropoietin (EPO)
System (RAAS)

• Primary Function: Regulates blood


pressure and fluid balance. • Source: Kidneys.
• Components: • Primary Function: Stimulates red
⚬ Renin: Released by kidneys when blood cell production.
blood pressure drops. • Action: Acts on bone marrow to
⚬ Angiotensin II: Produced in enhance red blood cell formation.
response to renin; stimulates • Role: Increases oxygen-carrying
aldosterone release. capacity in response to low blood
⚬ Aldosterone: Promotes sodium oxygen levels.
reabsorption and water • Trigger: Released in response to
retention. low oxygen levels in the blood.
• Role: Increases blood pressure and
volume in response to low pressure.
OVERVIEW
Thank You

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