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Observing Microorganisms Through Microscope

The document discusses microscopes and how to observe microorganisms through microscopes. It covers the parts and use of microscopes, basic guidelines, magnification vs resolution, units of measurement, preparing wet mounts, common shapes of bacteria, and examples of microorganisms seen under microscopes like bacteria in yogurt and molds.

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wmaximoff426
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25 views

Observing Microorganisms Through Microscope

The document discusses microscopes and how to observe microorganisms through microscopes. It covers the parts and use of microscopes, basic guidelines, magnification vs resolution, units of measurement, preparing wet mounts, common shapes of bacteria, and examples of microorganisms seen under microscopes like bacteria in yogurt and molds.

Uploaded by

wmaximoff426
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Observing

Microorganisms
through Microscope
The microscope
• The most critical (and most expensive) piece
of equipment in the microbiology laboratory
is the microscope.
• Compound Light microscope- has a series of
lenses and uses visible light as it source of
illumination
The microscope
• The microscope you will be using uses
visible light and two sets of lenses to
produce a magnified image. The total
magnification will depend on which objective
lens you are using—the highest
magnification possible on these microscopes
is 1000X—meaning that objects appear
1000X larger than they actually are.
Basic Guidelines for Using the
Microscope
• 1. Always carry the microscope with two
hands.
• 2. Always use the microscope that is
assigned to you
• 3. Clean the lenses with lens cleaner
(Windex) and lens tissue before and after
use.
• 4. Report any problems with the microscope
to your instructor immediately.
Basic Guidelines for Using the
Microscope
• 5. Oil must be cleaned off completely before
returning the microscope to the cabinet. If
you accidentally get oil on the 40X objective,
clean it immediately. Microscopes must
always be returned to the cabinet clean.
• 6. Microscopes should always be put away
with a low power objective (4X or 10X) over
the stage.
• 7. Always lift the microscope to reposition it—
do not drag it across the surface of the table!
Resolution vs. magnification
• Magnification refers to the
process of making an object
appear larger than it is
• resolution is the ability to see
objects clearly enough to tell
two distinct objects apart.
Resolution vs. magnification
• The limit of resolution of the human eye is about
0.1 mm, or 100 microns (see Table 1 for metric
review). Objects that are smaller than this cannot
be seen clearly without magnification. Since most
cells are much smaller than 100 microns, we need
to use microscopes to see them.
• The limit of resolution of the light microscope you
will be using today is about 0.1 um, or 100 nm. This
means that we can view objects that are 1000X
smaller than what we can see with our eyes alone
Unit of measurements
Total Magnification
• The microscope you are using has two sets
of lenses that both contribute to the total
magnification of the image. The ocular
lenses magnify your image 10X. There are 4
different objective lenses—each with a
different magnification.
• Total magnification= occular magnification x
objective magnification
Preparation of a wet mount
Parts of microscope
Eye piece

Stage

Arm Objectives

Coarse focus
Diaphragm
Fine focus
Illumination source
Base
Stage clip
Common shapes and
arrangements of bacteria
Shape of cocci
Common shapes and
arrangements of bacteria
Types of Pond Bacteria & Microorganisms

• Arthropods Bacteria Protozoa

Water mites Cyanobacteria Paramecium


Bacteria in yoghurt

Lactobacillus bulgaricus
The yeast
Molds

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