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Review Sample Problems

The document discusses cell planning in cellular networks including types of cells, nominal cell plans, and frequency reuse patterns. It then provides 11 sample problems related to concepts in cellular network planning and operations such as calculating the number of cell sites needed based on area and radius, determining time between fades given speed and frequency, and calculating traffic in Erlangs per cell.

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mmgceleste
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24 views

Review Sample Problems

The document discusses cell planning in cellular networks including types of cells, nominal cell plans, and frequency reuse patterns. It then provides 11 sample problems related to concepts in cellular network planning and operations such as calculating the number of cell sites needed based on area and radius, determining time between fades given speed and frequency, and calculating traffic in Erlangs per cell.

Uploaded by

mmgceleste
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Review Sample Problems

1. A province in the Philippines has an area of


2000 sq.kms. It has to be covered by cellular
mobile telephone service using cells with a
radius of 2 kms. Assuming hexagonal cells, find
the number of cell sites needed.
N = A/(3.464r2)
Where N = number of cell sites
r = cell site radius
CELL PLANNING
INTRODUCTION

Cell planning can be described as all activities involved


in:
Selecting the sites for the radio equipment
Selecting the radio equipment
Configuring the equipment

Every cellular network requires cell planning in


order to provide adequate coverage and call quality.
CELLS

 A cell may be defined as an area of radio coverage from


one BTS antenna system.

 It is the smallest building block in a mobile network and


is the reason why mobile nteworks are often referred to
as cellular networks.

 Typically, cells are represented graphically by hexagons.


Two Main Types of Cell
 OMNI DIRECTIONAL CELL
 An omnidirection cell (or omnicell) is served by a BTS with
an antenna which transmits equally in all directions (360
degrees).
 Typically used to gain coverage
Two Main Types of Cell
 SECTOR CELL
 A sector cell is the area of coverage from an antenna, which
transmits, in a given direction only. This may be equal to 120
degrees or 180 degrees of an equivalent omni-directional cell.
 Two-sectored sites and three-sectored sites
 Typically used to gain capacity
[2] NOMINAL CELL PLAN

Cluster
A cluster is a group of cells available frequencies
have been once and only once.

The re-use pattern recommended for GSM are the


4/12 and the 3/9 pattern. 4/12 means that there
are four three-sector sites supporting twelve cells
using twelve frequency groups.
[2] NOMINAL CELL PLAN
The 4/12 cell pattern is in common use by GSM
network operators.
1. A province in the Philippines has an area of
2000 sq.kms. It has to be covered by cellular
mobile telephone service using cells with a
radius of 2 kms. Assuming hexagonal cells, find
the number of cell sites needed.
N = A/(3.464r2)
Where N = number of cell sites
r = cell site radius
2. Mr. Han uses tone-dialing phone to dial the
number 784-3742. If the digits pushbuttons
are held down for 0.25s and the interdigit time
is also 0.25s, how long will it take him to dial
the said number?
3. A cellphone used by a woman inside a
travelling car is operated at 825 MHz. If the car
is travelling at 90 kph, then find the time
between fades.
t = c/(2fv)
t = time between fades (sec)
c = speed of light (m/s)
f = frequency (Hz)
v = speed of the car (m/s)
4. Calculate the via net loss (VNL) of a telephone
signal that takes 3ms to reach its destination
for an acceptable amount of echo.
VNL = (0.2t) + 0.4
VNL = via net loss (dB)
t = one-way delay time (ms)
5. In a cellular system design, what is the
frequency reuse factor if the co-channel
interference reduction factor is 4.6?
k = q2/3
k = frequency reuse factor
q = co-channel interference reduction factor
6. In a cellular system, what antenna separation
is required if the antenna height at the base
station is 15m?
S = h/11
S = antenna separation
h = antenna height
7. In cellular system cell-splitting, what is the
number of cells required for a 100,000 m2
given area assuming hexagonal cells? The
radius of a circle inscribed in the hexagon is
100 m.
A = total area to be covered
a = area of one cell (hexagonal area)
a = 3.46r2
N = A/a
8. A certain cellular telephone company has
1000 cells with 1,000,000 subscribers. If each
subscriber uses the phone on the average of
45 minutes per day then determine the
average traffic in Erlangs per cell.
A = average traffic per cell (Erlangs)
9. A telephone channel has a S/N of 1024.
Determine the capacity of the telephone
channel.
Shannon-Hartley Theorem
C = 3.32BWlog[1 + (S/N)]
C = channel capacity (bits/s)
BW = channel bandwidth (Hz)
BW = 3.1 kHz for a standard telephone channel
S/N = signal-to-noise ration (absolute value)
10. How often will hand-offs occur when vehicle
travels through a CMTS at 100 km per hour
speed if the distance between cell sites is 10
km?
t = d/v
t= time elapsed (sec)
d = cell diameter or distance between adjacent cell sites
v = vehicle speed
11. The voltage across the telephone line
decreases by 90% when the telephone goes
off-hook. The internal resistance of the
instrument when in use is 220 ohms and open
circuit when not in use. If the source voltage is
48 V, find the current that flows when the
phone is off hook.
V = source voltage (V)
R = internal resistance (ohms)
I = current (A)
Reference: Question Bank Electronic Systems and
Technologies (Problems and Solution) 2009 Edition
S. Cuervo

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