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The Human Perso-Wps Office

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30 views19 pages

The Human Perso-Wps Office

Uploaded by

christaljendalupere
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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THE HUMAN

PERSON IN
THE
ENVIRONMEN
T
THE HUMAN PERSON IN THE
ENVIRONMENT
• How does philosophy define the person's
relationship with the environment?
ENVIRONMENTAL PHILOSOPHY OR
ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS -is the discipline in
philosophy that studies the moral relationship of
human beings with the environment and its non-
human contents.

ENVIRONMENTAL PHILOSPERS - tackle issues such


as humanity's role in the world, the interaction
What are three
major views
regarding the
relationship
between
humanity and the
environment?
•
focuses on the significant role of
ANTHROPOCENTRISM
humankind in the world and considers
nature as the means by which humans
can meet their needs and survive. This
view believes that human is the most
important species on the planet, and
they are free to transform nature and use
its resources. Look around and you can
see evidence of human transforming the
• BIOCENTRISM
on the other hand, believes that human is
not the only significant species on the
planet, and that all organisms have
inherent value and should be protected.
This view drives the activities of humane
organizations that advocate the ethical
treatment of animals. In fact, our
government has passed laws that
recognized the rights of animals to be
• ECOCENTRISM
places a great value on ecosystems and
biological communities. This view
believes that humankind is part of a
greater biological system or community
and that we have a significant role as
stewards or guardians of nature. This
view also promotes the idea that order
and balance in nature brings about
stability and beauty.
PHILOSOPHER AND THEIR
THEORIES
1. ANCIENT THINKERS
A. Anaximander

Early Greek philosophers, the Milesians,


regarded Nature as spatially without boundaries,
that is, as infinite or indefinite in extent. One
ancient thinker, Anaximander, employed the
term "boundaries" to convey the further thought
that Nature is indeterminate-boundless in the
sense that no boundaries between the warm and
PHILOSOPHER AND THEIR
THEORIES
1. ANCIENT THINKERS

B. Pythagoras

He described the universe as living embodiment


of nature's order, harmony. and beauty. He sees
our relationship with the universe involving
biophilia (love of other living things) and
cosmophilia (love of other living beings).
PHILOSOPHER AND THEIR
THEORIES
2. MODERN THINKERS

A. Immanuel Kant

He expresses that beauty is ultimately a symbol


of morality (Kant 1997). According to Kant, we
must ignore any practical motivates or
inclinations that we have and instead
contemplate the object without being distracted
by our desires (Gold blatt & Brown 2010).
PHILOSOPHER AND THEIR
THEORIES
2. MODERN THINKERS

B. Herbert Marcuse

Forr him, humanity had dominated nature. There


can only be change if we will change our attitude
toward our perceptions of the environment.
Theories showing
that care for the
environment
contributes to
health, well-being,
and sustainable
development
1. Deep Ecology

For the theory, ecological crisis is an


outcome of anthropocentrism. The
controlling attitude of humankind is
extended to nature, when in fact,
humanity is part of nature. Deep
ecologists encourage humanity to shift
away from anthropocentrism to
2. Social Ecology

For this theory, ecologist crisis results from


authontarian social structures. Destroying
nature is a reflection wherein few people
overpower others while exploiting the
environment for profit or self-interest. Social
ecologist calls for small- scale societies, which
recognize that humanity is linked with the
3. Ecofeminism

This theory argues that ecological crisis is a


consequence of male dominance. In this view,
whatever is "superior" is entitled to whatever is
"inferior". Male traits as in the anthropocentric
model are superior as opposed to female traits as
in the ecocentric model. Domination works by
forcing the other to conform to what is superior.
For the adherents of this view, freeing nature and
Demonstrat
e the
virtues of
prudence
and
frugality
towards
Prudence is defined as the
ability to have good judgment
that allows avoidance of
dangers and risks. Meanwhile,
frugality is the act of using
money or other resources
wisely and practically.
Prudence
covers good judgment,
considering the consequences
of an action, using common
sense and discretion, exercising
caution, and conforming to
reason and decency.
Frugality
The quality of being thrifty,
sparing or economical in
the consumption of
resources and avoiding
wasto lavishness, or

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