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Lecture 4 - Single Phase Half Bridge VSC

The document discusses the operation of a single-phase half-bridge voltage source converter (VSC). It has two switching devices and two antiparallel diodes, with two capacitors splitting the DC voltage. The switches and diodes operate to generate a square wave output voltage that can operate in all four quadrants, allowing both active and reactive power transfer between the DC and AC sides.

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Afsal Abdul Karim
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71 views13 pages

Lecture 4 - Single Phase Half Bridge VSC

The document discusses the operation of a single-phase half-bridge voltage source converter (VSC). It has two switching devices and two antiparallel diodes, with two capacitors splitting the DC voltage. The switches and diodes operate to generate a square wave output voltage that can operate in all four quadrants, allowing both active and reactive power transfer between the DC and AC sides.

Uploaded by

Afsal Abdul Karim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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21PE631 Modulation Techniques for Power

Electronic Systems
Lecture - 4
Single-phase half-bridge VSC
Single-phase half-bridge VSC

• Let us consider first the simplest and basic solid-state DC-AC


converter, namely the single-phase half-bridge VSC.
• Figure shows the power circuit. It consists of two switching devices
(S1 and S2) with two antiparallel diodes (D1 and D2) and a DC Voltage
source.
• In order to generate a mid-point (O) to connect the return path of the
load, two equal value capacitors (C1 and C2) are connected in series
across the DC input.
Single-phase half-bridge VSC
• The result is that the voltage Vdc is split into two equal sources across
each capacitor with voltage of Vdc/2.
• The assumption here is that the value of the capacitors is sufficiently
large to ensure a stiff DC voltage source.
• This simply means that their voltage potential remains unchanged
during the operation of the circuit.
Single-phase half-bridge VSC
• When the switch S1 is turned on (t3 < t < t5), the output
voltage v0 = vAO is equal to the voltage Vdc/2 of the capacitor C1.
• The mode of operation of the switching block (S1 and D1) is then
controlled by the polarity of the output current i0.
• If the output current is positive, with respect to the direction shown in
Figure 1, then the current is flowing through switch S1 (t4 < t < t5,
Figure 2).
• If the output current is negative, the diode D1 is conducting, although
switch S1 is turned on (t3 < t < t4).
Single-phase half-bridge VSC
• Similarly, if the switch S2 is turned on (t1 < t < t3), the output voltage
is equal to the voltage Vdc/2 of the capacitor C2 with the polarity
appearing negative this time.
• If the output current is positive, the diode D2 is conducting (t1 < t < t2).
• If the output current is negative, the current flows through
switch S2 (t2 < t < t3).
• Such states of switches and diodes are clearly marked in the
waveforms of Figure 2 for the various time intervals.
Key waveforms of the single-phase half-bridge VSC
circuit operation. (a) output voltage V0 = VA0 (b)
output current i0
Harmonic spectrum of the output
voltage V0 = VA0
Waveforms
• Due to the square-wave generated by the converter, the output voltage
waveform is rich in harmonics.
• Specifically, as shown in Figure 2(c) all odd harmonics are present in
the spectrum of the output voltage. The fact that the converter cannot
control the rms value of the output voltage waveform at fundamental
frequency is also a limitation.
• A separate arrangement must be made to vary the DC bus
voltage Vdc in order to vary and control the output voltage v0.
Modes of operation
Quadrants of operation of the single-phase
half-bridge VSC
Quadrants of operation of the single-phase
half-bridge VSC
• There are two distinct modes of operation associated with the transfer
of power from the DC to the AC side.
• When the power flows from the DC bus to the AC side, the converter
operates as an inverter. The switches S1 and S2 perform this function.
• In the case that the power is negative, which means power is returned
back to the DC bus from the AC side, the converter operates as a
rectifier. The diodes D1 and D1 perform this function.
Quadrants of operation of the single-phase
half-bridge VSC
• The capability of the converter to operate in all four quadrants (Figure
3)means that there is no restriction in the phase relationship between
the AC output voltage and the AC output current.
• The converter can therefore be used to exchange leading or lagging
reactive power.
• If the load is purely resistive and no filter is attached to the output the
diodes do not take part in the operation of the converter and only real
power is transferred from the DC side to the AC one.

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