UNITED NATIONS

& ITS
ORGANISATIONS

PART 1
2
DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL,
SECTOR-45, GURGAON

UNITED
NATIONS
ORGANISATION:
COMPOSITION
 UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION:
Establishment
Background
➢ Failure of the League of Nations
➢ Yalta Conference, Feb 1945, need
for international peace and security
should be organized Charter
➢ adopted on June 26, for an
International Organization (UNO)
United Nations Charter signed by
➢ 51 states in 1945

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 UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION: PURPOSE/
AIM
➢ To maintain International peace and security
➢ To develop friendly relations amongst Nations
➢ To achieve International cooperation in solving international economic,
social, cultural and humanitarian problems.
➢ To promote respect for human rights, dignity and freedom.
➢ To promote respect among the member nations for fundamental rights
and freedom of mankind by ending the difference of caste, creed and
race.
➢ To be a centre of harmonizing the actions of nations in attaining these
common ends.

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 UN LOGO/ EMBLEM

The emblem consists of a map of the

world on a polar azimuthally
equidistant projection surrounded by two
olive branches. These two symbols
speak for themselves: the olive branch is
a symbol of peace, while the world map
represents the Organization in its quest to
attain world peace.

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 UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION: METHODS
ADOPTED

Diplomacy Disarmament
Economic and
Social
Development

Negotiations Military Peace Keeping Operations

Actions

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 UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION: ORGANS

1. GENERAL ASSEMBLY 4. INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

2. SECURITY COUNCIL 5. TRUSTEESHIP COUNCIL

3. ECONOMIC & SOCIAL COUNCIL 6. THE SECRETARIAT

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 UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY

❖ Main organ of the UN.

❖ All members nations of the are the

members of the UNGA.
❖ Each member nation has one vote in
the assembly.
❖ Currently, UNGA has 193 members.

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 UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY: FUNCTIONS
• Initiate studies and make recommendations to promote international cooperation

• Encourage progressive development of international law

• Consider principles governing disarmament & the regulation of armaments.

• Elect the ten non-permanent members of the UNSC, the members of the
UNECOSOC, the Judges of the ICJ and the Secretary General of the UNO

• Receive and consider the reports of other organs of the UNO

• Approve the UN budget.

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 UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL

❖ Chief peacekeeping organ of the UN.

Originally with 11 members, now has 15
❖ members.
Comprises of 15 members: 5 permanent and
❖ 10 temporary.
USA, China, France, UK and Russia are
permanent members of the council.
The remaining ten members are elected for a
❖ term of two years and are not eligible for re-
elections for the next term.

❖
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 UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL: FUNCTIONS

• To maintain international peace and security in accordance with the principles and
purposes of the united nations
• To investigate any dispute or situation which might lead to international friction;
• To recommend methods of adjusting such disputes or the terms of settlement; To
• formulate plans for the establishment of a system to regulate armaments; To determine
• the existence of a threat to the peace or act of aggression and to recommend what action
should be taken;
• To take military action against an aggressor;
• To recommend the admission of new members;
• To exercise the trusteeship functions of the united nations in "strategic areas"; To
• recommend to theUNGA,the appointment of the Secretary-General&, together with the
Assembly, to elect the Judges of theICJ.

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 UNITED NATIONS: ECONOMIC & SOCIAL COUNCIL

❖ The Economic and Social Council of the

United Nations is composed of 54 member
states elected by the General Assembly for
a three -year term.
❖ The representation is based on
geographical factor.
❖ Its function is to promote social progress
and better standards of life. ECOSOC
❖ operates via 9 functional commissions, 5
regional commissions and many standing
committees.

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 UNITED NATIONS: ECONOMIC & SOCIAL COUNCIL:
FUNCTIONS

•To serve a the central forum for discussions on international economic and social
issues
•To promote higher standards of living, full employment and economic and social progress
•To find solutions of international economic, social, health and related problems, and
international cultural and educational cooperation
•To encourage universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental
freedoms
•To prepare draft conventions for submission to the general assembly
•To coordinate the work of the specialized agencies and programmesandtheir functional
commissions and five regional commissions.

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 UNITED NATIONS :INTERNATIONAL COURT OF
JUSTICE
❖ Composed of15 permanent
❖ The principal Judgesfrom different parts of the world.
juridical organ of the
United Nations. ❖ They are elected by the UN
General Assembly and the Security

❖ It is the only main

UNorganlocated Council for a term of nineyears.

outside New York ❖ Every threeyears, 4-5 Judges are elected. They
-its seat is at the
holdtheir position intheir personal capacity, although
Peace Palace in there have been geopolitical considerations.
the Hague, the
The ICJ itself elects the President and the Vice-
Netherlands. ❖
President for a term of 3 years.

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 UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE:
FUNCTIONS

Settlementof disputes
between states on the basis
of international law.

Functions of ICJ
Advisory opinions onlegal
questions at the request of
specifically authorized
international organs.

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 UNITED NATIONS TRUSTEESHIP COUNCIL
❖ The Trusteeship Council aims at
helping countries to gain
independence from a foreign rule.
There were 11 such countries at
the time of the establishment of
the UN.
❖ This organ monitors & supervises
the administration of trust
territories.
❖ The P5 nations are members of
this Council.

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 UNITED NATIONS SECRETARIAT

❖ The Secretariat consists of the international

staff servicing the other principal organs.
It is headed by the Secretary General who
❖ is appointed by the General Assembly on
the recommendation of the Security
Council for a five-year renewable term.
The Secretary -General is the Chief
❖
Administrative Officer of the UN.

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 UNITED NATIONS SECRETARIAT: FUNCTIONS

• Prepares the sessions of the UN bodies in terms of organization

• Edits a large numberof reports and studies upon which the decisions of the UN
bodies are to be based
• Prepares draft texts of resolutions
• Organizes the implementation of decisions,
Documents the work of the United Nations while registering and editing the
• texts in their different stages
• Organizes international conferences
• Supplies interpreters
• Translates documents into all UN official languages

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SECRETAR
YGENERA
L
 SECRETARY GENERAL

❖ The UN’s most visible public figure, and the representative head, is the Secretary- General.

❖ The Secretary-General of the United Nations is a symbol of the Organization's ideals

and a spokesman for the interests of the world's people, in particular the poor and
vulnerable.
The current Secretary-General of the UN, and the ninth occupant of the post, is Mr.
❖
AntónioGuterresof Portugal, who took office on 1 January 2017. The UN Charter describes
the Secretary-General as "chief administrative officer" of the Organization.

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DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL,
UN SECRETARIES GENERAL
SECTOR-45, GURGAON

U Thant Javier Perez

Trygve Halvdan Lie de Cuellar
Dag
H.A.C.Hammarskjöld Kurt Waldheim
Boutros Boutros-
Ghali

António
Ban Ki-Moon
Guterres
Kofi A. Annan
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