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FL Joha Des Waffle

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24 views33 pages

FL Joha Des Waffle

Uploaded by

Eil Lythia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ㅎ

MORE
한글
ADJECTIV 꿈

ES
Reporters
Jarren A. Masinsin
안녕 Desiree Marie G. Juan
Johannah J. Santos

ㅎ
Pre-test
Write T if true and write F if false.

1. The word for “adjective” in the Korean language is called


형용사 .
2. Most Korean adjectives basically function like adverbs since
in Korean, many adjectives actually come from adverbs.
3. In order to use a descriptive verb in a sentence, it must be
conjugated first.
4. 쉽다 becomes 쉬운 when conjugated to describe a noun as
“easy”.
5. For verbs ending in ㅂ in the present tense, you will always
add 운 after removing the ㅂ .
6. The descriptive verb 짧다 (pronounced 짤따 ) has both a ㄹ
and a ㅂ on the bottom, so it would simply conjugate as normal.
7. In Korean, pronouns such as "he," "she," and "it" are simply
not necessary as long as it’s already clear who or what you are
talking about.
8. Conjugation is the change that takes place in a verb to express
tense, mood, person and so on.
9. This is one of the examples of conjugating 저는 매운 음식을
좋아합니다 .
"I like spicy food."
10. To use 고 , take the verb stem and add 고 , then attach a
second connecting sentence.
Introduction
Ice breaker: 4 pics of one word.

예쁘다
사랑

귀엽다 발
견
크다
ㅈ
마워
고
요

나쁜
ㅎ

좋은
Guided Questions
1. What is Korean adjective?
2. How to conjugate Korean adjective.
3. How to use them in a sentence.

이름
More Adjectives
Adjectives make sentences more interesting, and allow us to
express ourselves in more detail. How do you say “Korean
adjectives” in Korean? The word for “adjective” in the Korean
language is 형용사 . Most Korean adjectives basically function
like verbs since in Korean, many adjectives actually come from
verbs. Specifically, adjectives in Korean are called descriptive
verbs, meaning they’re verbs that are used to describe things.
They may also be called adjectives. In this lesson, more
adjectives will be given emphasis. It pertains to using it directly
to describe people and things. Without them, the language
would be bereft of passion and imagination.
In order to use a descriptive verb in a sentence,
it must be conjugated first. Conjugating a
descriptive verb in the present tense is similar
to conjugating an action verb.

김 씨가 좋습니다 .
"Mr. Kim is good.“

This type of sentence was discussed.


But what if it is "Mr. Kim is a good person"
instead? 김 씨가 좋은 사람입니다 . "Mr. Kim
is a good person." The adjective "good" (the
descriptive verb) comes directly before the
noun "person," just like in English; 좋은 is
therefore the adjective form (to be used directly
before a noun) of the descriptive verb 좋다 .
Descriptive verbs can be used at the end of a
sentence, such as in the first example, "Mr.
Kim is good." Or, descriptive verbs can be
used just like an adjective in English – that is,
directly before a noun they are describing.
Depending on the verb stem, there can be a
few different rules for how to conjugate a
descriptive verb to behave like an English
adjective.
Conjugating Descriptive Verbs
Adjectives in Korean need to be conjugated when in
use; instead of picking the Korean word out of a
Korean dictionary and directly placing it into a sentence
as you first saw it. After all, these conjugations give a
more precise meaning to the Korean word.
We will conjugate descriptive verb for it to be used
directly before the noun, just like an adjective in
English.
Descriptive Verb Stem + ㄴ / 은
Korean has some verbs which are exceptions and do
not follow this rule. To use a descriptive verb before a
noun, take the verb stem and attach ㄴ if it ends in a
vowel, or attach 은 if it ends in a consonant.
Using the general form.

친절하다 → 친절하 + ㄴ → 친절한


친절한 사람 "a nice person"
This is because it ends with a vowel.
Descriptive Verbs Ending in ㅂ
This is only for verb stems which end in a single ㅂ
at the bottom. These verbs conjugate differently.
Take the verb stem, remove the ㅂ , add 우 , then
conjugate as normal by adding ㄴ .
쉽다 → 쉽 – ㅂ → + 우 → 쉬우 + ㄴ
→ 쉬운
쉬운 숙제 "easy homework"
쉽다 becomes 쉬운 when conjugated to describe a
noun as “easy”.
Descriptive Verbs Ending in ㄹ
This is only for verb stems which end in a single ㄹ at the
bottom.
These verbs also conjugate differently. Take the verb stem,
remove the ㄹ , then conjugate as normal by adding ㄴ .
길다 → 길 – ㄹ → 기 + ㄴ
→ 긴
긴 머리 "long hair"
머리 can mean either "head" or "hair" (on one’s head)
depending on the context. An alternative is to use 머리카
락 , which only means "(head) hair."
There are a few verbs that don’t follow these
rules, such as 어떻다 , 그렇다 , and 이렇다 .
For these verbs, first remove the ㅎ from the
verb stem, then conjugate as normal by
adding ㄴ .
어떻다 → 어떻 – ㅎ → 어떠 + ㄴ
→ 어떤
어떤 사람 "what kind of person"
Conjugating
Conjugation is the change that takes place in a verb to
express tense, mood, person and so on. In English,
verbs change as they are used, most notably with
different people (you, I, we) and different time (now,
later, before). Conjugating verbs essentially means
altering them into different forms to provide context.

The exception to the above rules is the verb 있다 ,


which means "to exist."
있다 conjugates in a special way.
Advanced Notes:
Actually, 있다 ("to exist") is not a descriptive verb, but an action verb.
However,
because 있다 appears in many descriptive verbs, such as 재미 ( 가 ) 있다
and

others, I’ve included it in this chapter.

있다 becomes 있는 when used to describe things as an adjective.

있다 → 있 + 는
→ 있는
재미있다 → 재미있 + 는
→ 재미있는

재미있는 사람 "a fun person"


Remember that all of these rules only apply when
you’re using
descriptive verbs directly before nouns. At the end of a
sentence, everything
goes back to normal.

저는 매운 음식을 좋아합니다 .
"I like spicy food."
한국 음식이 아주 맵습니다 .
"Korean food is very spicy."
Now let’s go over the first conversation for this
chapter.

한승규 : 김 선생님이 어떤 사람입니까 ?


"What kind of person is Mr. Kim?"

Since we’re asking specifically about 김 선생님 , we


used the Subject
Marker (here, 이 ) to mark him as the subject of this
sentence.
어떤 is already an adjective, and can be attached to a noun. Above it is
attached before 사람 .

이선주 : 아주 좋은 사람입니다 .
"He is a very good person.“
Although we’ve covered it before, I’d like to point out again how 입니다
is used to mean "he is" in this sentence. Since it’s already established what
the other person is asking ("What kind of person is Mr. Kim?"), there’s no
need to restate 김 선생님 in this reply. However, it would not be wrong to
reply with the following sentence instead:

김 선생님이 아주 좋은 사람입니다 .
"Mr. Kim is a very good person."

Although this would not be incorrect, it would simply be a bit repetitive.


Avoid Repetitive Korean

In Korean, pronouns such as "he," "she," and "it" are simply not
necessary as long as it’s already clear who or what you are
talking about.

In the same way, it’s unnecessary to repeat any noun if it’s clear
what
you’re talking about. We’ve already seen this in action in
previous chapters,
but let’s take a look at some more examples.
Q: 김치를 좋아합니까 ?
"Do you like kimchi?"
A: 네 , 김치를 좋아합니다 .
"Yes, I like kimchi."

The previous sentences are an example of a simple exchange


between
two people. However, it would be perfectly acceptable (and in
fact, more
natural sounding) to reply in this way instead:

A: 네 , 좋아합니다 .
"Yes, I like it."
Just as we didn’t need to repeat 김 선생님 in the first conversation, it’s
not necessary to repeat 김치 either, assuming it’s clear to the listener what
we are talking about. In English, we might replace these words with "it,"
"he," "she," or "they," but in Korean such words are usually not needed.

In Chapter 7 we learned how to connect nouns together in a sentence


using 와 and 과 . Here is how to connect two (or more) separate sentences
together.

As you listen to native Korean speakers talk, you may notice that 사람
("person") and 것 ("thing") are used quite frequently in Korean after
adjectives, as shown in this chapter, when describing people or objects.
Verb Stem + 고
Take the verb stem and add 고 . Then, attach a second
connecting sentence.
저는 먹고 갑니다 .
"I eat and leave."
김 선생님이 재미있고 밝은 사람입니다 .
"Mr. Kim is a fun and bright person."
저는 공부하고 시험을 봅니다 .
"I study and take a test."
저는 미국 사람이고 한국을 좋아합니다 .
"I am an American and I like Korea."
These are each two separate sentences connected by their verbs
to become one new sentence.
고 is versatile, and can also be used to connect descriptive
verbs together, even outside of a complete sentence. Let’s look
at a few more examples.
크고 맛이 있는 케이크
"a big and delicious cake"
저는 크고 맛이 있는 케이크를 먹고 싶습니다 .
"I want to eat a big and delicious cake."
빠르고 싼 컴퓨터
"a fast and cheap computer"
저는 빠르고 싼 컴퓨터를 원합니다 .
"I want a fast and cheap computer."
쉽고 재미있는 방법
"an easy and fun method"
저는 쉽고 재미있는 방법을 찾습니다 .
"I’m looking for an easy and fun method."
찾다 can mean both "to look for" and "to find"
depending on the context of the sentence. In the above
sentence, it means "to look for," but in the following
sentence it means "to find."
저는 쉽고 재미있는 방법을 찾고 싶습니다 . "I want to
find an easy and fun method."
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