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Comparative Politics - Substances and Methods

The document discusses the evolution of comparative politics from three phases. Phase I focused on institutions and the state prior to 1945. Phase II from 1945-1970 emphasized behavioralism and positivism studying political systems and functions. Phase III after 1970 moved beyond behaviorism using diverse methods like cases, grounded theory, and addressing policies and other institutions beyond the state.

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Abhinandan Anand
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27 views6 pages

Comparative Politics - Substances and Methods

The document discusses the evolution of comparative politics from three phases. Phase I focused on institutions and the state prior to 1945. Phase II from 1945-1970 emphasized behavioralism and positivism studying political systems and functions. Phase III after 1970 moved beyond behaviorism using diverse methods like cases, grounded theory, and addressing policies and other institutions beyond the state.

Uploaded by

Abhinandan Anand
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPARATIVE

POLITICS
SUBSTANCE & METHODS
Substance Phase I Phase II (1945-70) Phase III (After 1970)
(What) (Prior to 1945-WWII) Behavioral Rev/ Positivism Post-Behaviouralism/Post-
positivism

Institutions: State centric- Functions: Almond (pioneer): 4 input functions Institutions: Bringing state back
leg,exe,jud,civil. admin, and 3 output functions: but other institutions;
regimes, constitutions… Input functions (Society): 1 P.S. & R 2. IA 3. I.Ag. Multidisciplinary (Grounded
formal not substantive 4. P. Com. theory RCT, Case oriented )
Output functions (State/Govt.) : 5. Rule making,
6. Rule Exe. 7. Rule Adj.

Polity Politics Policies

State Political System: David Easton State


Methods & Phase I Phase II (1945-70) Phase III (After 1970)
Methodolo (Prior to 1945-WWII) Behavioral Rev/ Positivism Post-Behaviouralism/Post-
gy (How) positivism /Constructivism

Cases (Small ‘N’): Centered Variables (Large ‘N’): Many cases few variables, Cases : Theda Skocpol (1984),
‘N’ stands around major countries: objective extension David Collier (1991), Charles
for number USA, UK, Canada, Australia, Ragin (1987); discovery of small
of cases New Zeeland and welfare

Nature of Aggregate or ecological Disaggregate/Individual : Reliability of govt. Aggregate data: Democratic


data data: data collected by govt data; measuring new things like individual govt more accountable,
for some territorial level like attitude, values, culture, opinion etc.; large data professional org; huge data
region, province, country; base; ‘ecological fallacy’ by W. S . Robinson; By base
Constitutional texts Survey
Research Divergence: alternative Convergence: Similar model based on positivism , Divergence: Variety of designs
Design models; qualitative Quantitative, Survey: Bird eye view ethnography, case study,
grounded: worm eye view

Theories, Traditional: Normative, Empirical-Scientific: System theory Neo-institutionalism; RCT


Approaches Descriptive, Legal- (analysis/approach) ; Structural Functionalism
& Institutional elitism,
Paradigms pluralism; Historical-
Descriptive
STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL APPROACH
STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALISM

Family, Political
Educational & Socialization &
Religious Recruitment
Institutes

Interest
Political
Articulation
System

Interest
Aggregation

Political
Communicatio
n

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