Five-Minute Check (over Chapter 7)

Then/Now
New Vocabulary
Example 1: Identify Vector Quantities
Example 2: Represent a Vector Geometrically
Key Concept: Finding Resultants
Example 3: Real-World Example: Find the Resultant of Two Vectors
Key Concept: Multiplying Vectors by a Scalar
Example 4: Operations with Vectors
Example 5: Real-World Example: Use Vectors to Solve Navigation Pro
blems
Example 6: Real-World Example: Resolve a Force into Rectangular Co
mponents
 Over Chapter 7

For (x – 4)2 = 4(y + 1), identify the vertex, focus, axis of

symmetry, and directrix. Then graph the parabola.
A. vertex: (1, 4); focus: (1, 5); C. vertex: (4, 1); focus: (4, 2);
axis of symmetry: axis of symmetry: x = 4;
x = 1; directrix: y = 3 directrix: y = 0

B. vertex: (4, –1); focus: (4, 0); D. vertex: (–4, 1); focus: (–4, 2);
axis of symmetry: x = 4; axis of symmetry: x = 4;
directrix: y = –2 directrix: y = 0
 Over Chapter 7

Write an equation in standard form for

4x2 + 9y2+ 24x – 36y + 36 = 0.

A.

B.

C.

D.
 Over Chapter 7

Write an equation in standard form for the

hyberbola with foci (0, −4), (0, 4) and
vertices (0, −2), (0, 2).

A.

B.

C.

D.
 Over Chapter 7

Use the discriminant to identify the conic section

given by y 2 + 4x + 2y – 15 = 0.

A. parabola

B. ellipse

C. hyperbola

D. circle
 Over Chapter 7

Which of the following represents x = –4 + 2t

and y = 5 – t in rectangular form?

A.

B. y = –2x – 3

C.

D. y = –2x + 9
You used trigonometry to solve triangles. (Lesson 5-4)

• Represent and operate with vectors geometrically.

• Solve vector problems and resolve vectors into their
rectangular components.
• vector • equivalent vectors
• initial point • opposite vectors
• terminal point • resultant
• standard position • triangle method
• direction • parallelogram method
• magnitude • zero vector
• quadrant bearing
• components
• true bearing
• rectangular
• parallel vectors components
 Identify Vector Quantities

A. State whether a hockey puck shot northwest at

60 miles per hour is a vector quantity or a scalar
quantity.

This quantity has a magnitude of 60 miles per hour

and a direction of northwest. This directed distance is
a vector quantity.

Answer: vector
 Identify Vector Quantities

B. State whether a tennis ball served at 110 miles

per hour is a vector quantity or a scalar quantity.

This quantity has a magnitude of 110 miles per hour,

but no direction is given. Speed is a scalar quantity.

Answer: scalar
 Identify Vector Quantities

C. State whether a sprinter running 100 meters

north is a vector quantity or a scalar quantity.

This quantity has a magnitude of 100 meters and a

direction of north. This directed distance is a vector
quantity.

Answer: vector
State whether a tow truck pulling a car due east
with a force of 100 newtons is a vector quantity or
a scalar quantity.

A. vector

B. scalar
 Represent a Vector Geometrically

A. Use a ruler and a protractor to draw an arrow

diagram for v = 10 newtons of force at 30° to the
horizontal. Include a scale on the diagram.
Using a scale of 1 cm : 5 N, draw and label a 10 ÷ 5
or 2-cm arrow in standard position at a 30° angle to
the x-axis.
Sample Answer:

V
 Represent a Vector Geometrically

B. Use a ruler and a protractor to draw an arrow

diagram for z = 25 meters per second at a bearing
of S70°W. Include a scale on the diagram.

Using a scale of 1 cm : 10 m/s, draw and label a

25 ÷ 10 or 2.5-cm arrow 70° west of south.

Sample Answer:
 Represent a Vector Geometrically

C. Use a ruler and a protractor to draw an arrow

diagram for t = 10 miles per hour at a bearing of
025°. Include a scale on the diagram.
Using a scale of 1 cm : 10 mi/h, draw and label a
10 ÷ 10 or 1-cm arrow at an angle of 25° clockwise
from the north.

Sample Answer:
Use a ruler and protractor to draw an arrow
diagram for n = 20 feet per second at a bearing of
080°. Include a scale on the diagram.

A. C.

B. D.
 Find the Resultant of Two
Vectors
HIKING While hiking in the woods, Shelly walks 2
kilometers N30°W from her camp, and then walks
2 kilometers directly east. How far and at what
quadrant bearing is Shelly from her camp?
Let p = walking 2 kilometers N30°W and q = walking 2
kilometers due east. Draw a diagram to represent
p and q using a scale of 1 cm : 1 km.
 Find the Resultant of Two
Vectors
Use a ruler and a protractor to draw a 2-centimeter
arrow 30° west of north to represent p and a
2-centimeter arrow due east to represent q.
 Find the Resultant of Two
Vectors
Method 1 Triangle Method
Translate q so that its tail touches the tip of p. Then
draw the resultant vector p + q as shown.
 Find the Resultant of Two
Vectors
Method 2 Parallelogram Method
Translate q so that its tail touches the tail of p. Then
complete the parallelogram and draw the diagonal,
resultant p + q, as shown.
 Find the Resultant of Two
Vectors
Both methods produce the same resultant vector
p + q. Measure the length of p + q and then measure
the angle this vector makes with the north-south line
as shown.
The vector’s length of 2 centimeters represents 2
kilometers. Therefore, Shelly is 2 kilometers at a
bearing of 30° east of north or N30°E from her starting
position.
 Find the Resultant of Two
Vectors
Answer: 2 km, N30°E
ORIENTEERING In an orienteering competition,
Miguel walks N80E for 150 feet and then walks
200 feet due east. How far and at what quadrant
bearing is Miguel from his starting position?
A. about 349 feet at a bearing of N86°E

B. about 270 feet at a bearing of N37°E

C. about 270 feet at a bearing of N47°E

D. about 350 feet at a bearing of N80°E

 Operations with Vectors

Draw a vector diagram of a – 3b.

Rewrite the expression as the addition of two vectors:

a – 3b = a + (– 3b). To represent –3b, draw a vector
3 times as long as b in the opposite direction from b.
 Operations with Vectors

Then use the triangle method to draw the resultant

vector.

Answer:
Draw a vector diagram of n + 2m.

A. C.

B. D.
 Use Vectors to Solve Navigation
Problems
AVIATION An airplane is flying with an airspeed of
475 miles per hour on a heading of 070°. If an 80-
mile-per-hour wind is blowing from a true heading
of 120°, determine the velocity and direction of the
plane relative to the ground.
Step 1 Draw a diagram to represent the heading and
wind velocities.
γ

Use Vectors to Solve Navigation

Problems
Translate the wind vector as shown in the diagram
below, and use the triangle method to obtain the
resultant vector representing the plane’s ground
velocity and direction g. In the triangle formed by
these vectors, γ = 120° – 70° or 50°.
 Use Vectors to Solve Navigation
Problems
Step 2 Use the Law of Cosines to find |g|, the plane’s
speed relative to the ground.

c2 = a2 +
b 2 – 2ab cos γ
Law of
Cosines
|g|2 = 80 2 +
4752 – 2(80)
(475) cos 50°
Take the
c = |g|, a = 80,
positive
b = 475, and
square root of
γ = 50°
each side.
 Use Vectors to Solve Navigation
Problems
≈ 428.0
The ground speed of the plane is about 428.0 miles per
Simplify.
hour.
Step 3 The heading of the resultant g is represented by
angle θ, as shown above. To find θ, first calculate α
using the Law of Sines.
Law of Sines

c = |g| or 428.0, a = 80, and γ = 50

 Use Vectors to Solve Navigation
Problems

Solve for sin α.

Apply the inverse sine function.

Simplify.

The measure of θ is 70° – α, which is 70° – 8.2° or 61.8°.

Therefore, the speed of the plane relative to the ground
is about 428.0 miles per hour at about 061.8°.
 Use Vectors to Solve Navigation
Problems
Answer: The velocity of the plane relative to the
ground is about 428.0 miles per hour at a
bearing of about 061.8°.
ROWING Jamie rows her boat due east at a speed
of 20 feet per second across a river directly toward
the opposite bank. At the same time, the current of
the river is carrying her due south at a rate of
4 feet per second. Find Jamie’s speed and direction
relative to the shore.
A. Jamie is rowing at a resultant velocity of 24 ft/s in a
direction directly east.
B. Jamie is rowing at a resultant velocity of 20.4 ft/s in a
direction of S11.3°E.
C. Jamie is rowing at a resultant velocity of 20.4 ft/s in a
direction of S29.8°E.
D. Jamie is rowing at a resultant velocity of 20.4 ft/s in a
direction of S78.7°E.
 Resolve a Force into
Rectangular Components
A. GARDENING While digging in his garden, Will
pushes a shovel into the ground with a force of
630 newtons at an angle of 70° with the ground.
Draw a diagram that shows the resolution of the
force that Will exerts into its rectangular
components.
 Resolve a Force into
Rectangular Components
Will’s push can be resolved into a horizontal push x
forward and a vertical push y downward as shown.

Answer:
 Resolve a Force into
Rectangular Components
B. GARDENING While digging in his garden, Will
pushes a shovel into the ground with a force of
630 newtons at an angle of 70° with the ground.
Find the magnitudes of the horizontal and vertical
components of the force.
The horizontal and vertical components of the force
form a right triangle. Use the sine or cosine ratios to
find the magnitude of each force.
 Resolve a Force into
Rectangular Components
Right triangle
definitions of
cosine and sine
Solve for x and y.

Use a calculator.

Answer: horizontal component ≈ 215.47 N;

vertical component ≈ 592.01 N
SOCCER A player kicks a soccer ball so that it
leaves the ground with a velocity of 39 feet per
second at an angle of 37° with the ground. Find the
magnitude of the horizontal and vertical
components of the velocity.
A. horizontal component ≈ 28.75 ft/s;
vertical component ≈ 23.28 ft/s
B. horizontal component ≈ 37 ft/s;
vertical component ≈ 39 ft/s
C. horizontal component ≈ 31.15 ft/s;
vertical component ≈ 23.47 ft/s
D. horizontal component ≈ 23.47 ft/s;
vertical component ≈ 31.15 ft/s