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Parts of A Research

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29 views13 pages

Parts of A Research

Uploaded by

husny.21008008
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University

of Zakho

Parts of a Research
Mrs. Sulin Nadir
Department of English Language
University of Zakho
5th Semester
Contents
• Research Layout
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Literature Review
• Methodology
• Results & Discussion
• Conclusion
• References

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Research Layout
1. Chapter One: Introduction
i. Frontpage
2. Chapter Two: Literature Review
ii. Acknowledgment / Dedication 3. Chapter Three: Methodology
iii. Abstract (or executive summary) 4. Chapter Four: Result & Discussion
5. Chapter Five: Conclusion
iv. Table of contents (list of figures,
6. References
tables, and abbreviations)
7. Appendix
Abstract
An abstract is a short summary of your dissertation, usually about
150–300 words long. An abstract helps give your reader a map of your
paper before it is read. It should be composed as clear as possible, in a
simple and concise language. The abstract is written at the very end
when the entire research is completed.

 In the abstract, make sure to:


state the main topic and aims of your research
describe the methods you used
summarize the main results
state your conclusions
Chapter One: Introduction

1. The opening section – introducing the reader to the research in high-level terms.
2. The background to the study – explaining the context of the project.
3. The research problem – clarifying the “gap” that exists in the current research.
4. The research aims, objectives and questions –clearly stating what the research will aim
to achieve.
5. The significance/value –highlighting why the research is worth doing and the value it
will provide to its academic field.
6. The limitations –acknowledging the potential limitations of the research and approach.
Chapter One: Introduction
In the introduction, research’s topic, purpose, and relevance are stated. It
informs the reader what to expect in the rest of the study. The introduction
should:
Establish the research topic, giving necessary background information to
contextualize the work
Narrow down the focus and define the scope of the research
Discuss the state of existing research on the topic, showing the work’s
relevance to a broader problem or debate
Clearly state the research questions and objectives
Give an overview of the paper’s structure

Everything in the introduction should be clear, engaging, and relevant to the


research. By the end, the reader should understand the what, why and how.
Chapter Two: Literature Review/Theoretical Framework

Before starting to work on the research, one should have conducted a literature
review to gain a thorough understanding of the academic work that already exists
on the specific topic. This means:
Collecting sources (e.g. books and journal articles) and selecting the most
relevant ones
Critically evaluating and analyzing each source
Drawing connections between them (e.g. themes, patterns, conflicts, gaps) to
make an overall point.
Chapter Three: Research Methodology

Research design
Context / The setting
Participants
Data collection instrument/procedure
Data analysis
Chapter Four: Result and Discussion
Result/Findings:
Next, report the results of the research. This section could be structured around sub-questions,
hypotheses, or themes.
Concisely state each relevant result, including relevant descriptive statistics
Briefly state how the result relates to the question or whether the hypothesis was
supported.
Include tables and figures if they help the reader understand your results.
Report all results that are relevant to the research questions, including any that did not
meet the researcher’s expectations.
Don’t include subjective interpretations or speculation.
Chapter Four: Result and Discussion

Discussion
The discussion includes the exploration of the meaning and implications of the results in
relation to the existing research questions. Then, the results should be interpreted in detail,
discussing whether they met your expectations and how well they fit with the framework that
is built in earlier chapters.
Give your interpretations: what do the results mean?
Explore the implications: why do the results matter?
Acknowledge the limitations: what can’t the results tell us?
If any of the results were unexpected, offer explanations for why this might be. It’s a good idea
to consider alternative interpretations of your data. The discussion should refer back to relevant
sources to show how the results fit with existing knowledge.
Chapter Five: Conclusion (and Recommendations)

Conclusion
Implication
Recommendations
Further research
The conclusion should concisely answer the main research question, leaving the
reader with a clear understanding of the central argument and emphasizing what
the research has contributed. In this chapter, it’s important to leave the reader
with a clear impression of why this research matters. What has been added to this
specific academic field compared to what was already known?
Reference / Appendices

References
You must include full details of all sources that you have cited in a reference list.
It’s important to follow a consistent citation. Each style has strict and specific
requirements for how to format your sources in the reference list. Common styles
include APA, MLA, and Harvard.
Appendices
The paper itself should contain only essential information that directly
contributes to answering its research question. Documents which have been used
that do not fit into the main body of study (such as interview transcripts, survey
questions or tables with full figures) can be added as appendices.
References

• Bell, J. (1999) Doing your Research Project (3rd ed.). Milton Keynes:
Open University Press.
• Meyers, A. (2015). Longman Academic Writing Series: Essays to
Research Paper. New York: Pearson Education.
• Brown, A. J. &Dowling, P. C. (1998) Doing Research/ Reading
Research: A Mode of Interrogation for Education. London: Falmer
Press.

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