Composing a Research

Report on a Relevant Social

Issue
Grade 10
 Developing a Research Topic, Writing the
Introduction and Formulating Research Questions

Have you ever thought about how the world would

have been without the advancement in technology
and other fields?
Well, that’s because of research! And consequently,
life of people has become easier and more
comfortable.
Since research plays a very important role in our
daily lives, it is therefore essential that you also have
a background knowledge on how it is being done.
 Writing the Research Title
The research title summarizes the main idea of your study. A
good title contains the fewest possible words that adequately
describe the contents and/or purpose of your research paper.
Look at the sample research title below.
Example
“Factors that Affect Time Management of
Junior High School Students”
The title indicates the respondents which are the Junior
High School students and the scope which only focuses on
the factors that affect time management.
 Writing the Research Title

After choosing your topic and writing

your title, you are now ready to write
your introduction. Just like finding the
right research topic and developing the
title, you need to be guided in writing
your research introduction
 Writing the Research Introduction
The introduction of a research report serves as the
roadmap of your
paper. Well-written introductions set the tone, catch the
reader's interest, and communicate the objectives of your
research. For you to write a good research introduction,
read and understand the parts and the sample paragraphs
below.
The example introduction is from the research study
entitled “Factors that Affect Time Management of Junior
High School Students”.
 Writing the Research Introduction

Step 1. Provide background Information

 Give a general introduction to the
topic for broad audience.
 Narrow the focus to your particular
topic.
 State the problem and its importance.
 Writing the Research Introduction
Example:
Time is an invaluable resource and to effectively handle this is the
secret to achieving success in life. Thus, the world encourages people
to manage time effectively as early as their elementary education
starts. ( general introduction)
Time management has been a subject of research in different areas.
One is in the field of learning where it occupies a central position in
different courses and various handbooks on study skills. (focused topic)
Although lots of students know that time management is vital to
perform certain goal-directed activities, many are still overwhelmed
and stressed on how they will manage to finish all their school tasks in
a given time period. (problem)
 Writing the Research Introduction

Step 2: Review related literature.

It identifies the written works/ studies related to your
topic
• Include an in-text citation when you refer to, summarize,
paraphrase, or quote from another source to avoid plagiarism.
American Psychological Association (APA) in-text citation
style uses the author's last name and the year of
publication. For example: Mental health disorders are
complex and can take many forms. (Roser, 2018).
 Writing the Research Introduction

Step 2: Review related literature.

*You can introduce the quotation with a signal
phrase that includes the author's last name
followed by the year of publication in parentheses.
For example: Asmelash (2019) stated that
heavy social media use can be linked to
depression and other mental disorders in
teens.
 Writing the Research Introduction

Step 2: Review related literature.

*If you do not include the author’s name in
the text of the sentence, place the author's
last name and the year of publication in
parentheses after the quotation.
For example: Heavy social media use can be
linked to depression and other mental
disorders in teens (Asmelash, 2019).
 Writing the Research Introduction
Step 2: Review related literature.
Example:
A study conducted by Garcia (2004) showed that one of the most frequent
complaints made by students is that they do not have enough time to
carry out all the tasks assigned to them in different academic areas. The
students also pointed out that there were many classes, projects, reading
assignments, exams and other preparations that require constant
dedication over a long period of time. When students faced this kind of
problems, they started to procrastinate because they lacked
organizational and time management skills. As a result, students were not
able to organize duties according to their priorities. It is therefore
essential for students to improve their time management skills since it is
one of the keys to higher academic achievements (Kelly, 2014).
 Writing the Research Introduction

Step 3: State the objectives and highlight the

significance of the study.
• Specify the objectives of the research or
analysis of the study described in the
paper.
•  Establish what you intend to accomplish.
•  Include how your study would benefit a
specific group of people.
 Writing the Research Introduction
Step 3: State the objectives and highlight the significance of
the study.
Example:
Since there is a necessity of effective time management
required from students during their academic and
professional life, this study will be conducted with the aim
of identifying the factors that affect students’ time
management and the time management practices they
commonly use. The results of this study would help students
understand the effective time management strategies and
apply them to attain maximum learning achievements.
 Formulating the Research Questions
After writing your introduction, you need
to formulate your research questions
which will be the bases of your research
questionnaire. Writing a good research
question means you have something you
want to study. The research questions
are based on the objectives identified in
the introduction.
 Formulating the Research Questions
We will examine the steps and then look at
how you could write your research questions.
 Specify your concern or issue.
 Decide what you want to know about the
specific concern or issue.
 Turn what you want to know and the
specific concern into a question.
 Ensure that the question is answerable.
 Formulating the Research Questions
Two Categories of Research Questions
There are two main categories of
research questions: quantitative and
qualitative. Each has its own strengths
and weaknesses when it comes to the
data they yield. The category you will
choose depends on what kind of data you
are hoping to collect.
 Formulating the Research Questions
Two Categories of Research Questions
Quantitative research will result in data
that are easy to convert into objective,
numbers-based analysis. They are easier
to measure using statistical analysis
because you can assign numeric values
and directly compare different answers
to the same questions.
 Formulating the Research Questions
Two Categories of Research Questions
Common quantitative methods include:
 experiments
 observations recorded as numbers
 surveys with closed-ended questions
Example: Have you ever applied time
management when accomplishing your school
tasks?
*This question is answerable by yes or no.
 Formulating the Research Questions
Two Categories of Research Questions
Qualitative research involves collecting and
analyzing non-numerical data to understand
concepts, opinions, or experiences. It can be
used to gather in-depth insights into a problem
or generate new ideas for research.
Qualitative data are more difficult to analyze
than quantitative data. It consists of text,
images or videos instead of numbers.
 Formulating the Research Questions
Common qualitative methods include:
 interview
 observations in detailed field notes
 surveys with open-ended questions
Example:
What ideas and suggestions could you give towards
effective time management?
*This is an example of an open-ended question where
students would have different answers defending on
their perspectives and/or experiences.
 Formulating the Research Questions
TASK: One of the most popular social issues
that you have observed is the use of social
media among teenagers. As an inquisitive
student, you wanted to know its positive
and negative effects in the teenagers’ lives.
Therefore, you decided to conduct a
research study about this issue. For your
task, you have to develop your research title
and your introduction