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01 Computing

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Ted Mosby
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01 Computing

Uploaded by

Ted Mosby
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Course Name: Professional Practice (IT) • Outline:

Credit Hours: 3
Historical, social, and economic context of
Objectives: Computing (software engineering, Computer
A Computing graduate as professional has some Science, Information Technology); Definitions of
responsibilities with respect to the society. This Computing (software engineering, Computer
course develops student understanding about Science, Information Technology) subject areas
historical, social, economic, ethical, and professional
issues related to the discipline of Computing. It and professional activities; professional societies;
identifies key sources for information and opinion professional ethics; professional competency and
about professionalism and ethics. Students analyze, life-long learning; uses, misuses, and risks of
evaluate, and assess ethical and professional
software; information security and privacy;
computing case studies.
business practices and the economics of
software; intellectual property and software law
(cyber law); social responsibilities, software
related contracts, Software house organization

Resources: Professional Issues in Software Engineering, M.F. Bott et al.


Computing

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Computing:
• Computing is any Problem-oriented activity requiring, benefiting
from, or creating algorithmic processes - e.g. through computers.

• "In a general way, we can define computing to mean any goal-


oriented activity requiring, benefiting from, or creating computers.

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• Thus, computing includes
• designing and building hardware and software
• processing, structuring, and managing various kinds of information
• doing scientific studies using computers
• making computer systems behave intelligently
• creating and using communications and
• entertainment media
• finding and gathering information relevant to any particular purpose, and so
on.

• The list is virtually endless, and the possibilities are vast.“


• All facts are related to SE, CS and IT directly or indirectly.
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History of computing:

• 2400BC Abacus

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Computer:
• A Machine

• Types of Codes(source and executable)

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Computer software:
• Set of instructions…

• Direct mode (commands)


• Indirect mode(statements)

• Only instructions?
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Application & System software:
• Application for any specific task

• Bundled with machine


• Is it necessary?
• Power of computing

• System software

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Computer Network:
• Components

• Classification criteria

• Why study in SE, EE, CS and IT?

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Computer User:
• A user is an agent, either a human agent (end-user) or software agent,
who uses a computer or network service.

• Computer User can be a:


• End User
Why important for SE?
• Computer Programmer
Expert in any language
a generalist also….

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System Administrator:
• Head of a department concerned the availability of a certain service

• Different responsibilities from designing to implementation


• Programmers
• Supervisors
• Technical staff etc

• Provide training and maintain computer department.

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Five sub-disciplines of the computing field:
• Computer Science,
• Computer Engineering,
• Information Systems,
• Information Technology, and
• Software Engineering.

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Sub-disciplines of computing
Software Engineering (SE):
• Problem identification to implementation and maintenance.

• The first reference to the term is the 1968 NATO Software Engineering
Conference regarding the "software crisis".

• Software Engineering Body of Knowledge (SWEBOK) that is an


internationally accepting standard.

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Sub-disciplines of computing
Computer Engineering:
• Computer engineering is a discipline that integrates several fields of electrical
engineering and computer science required to develop computer hardware and
software.

• Computer engineers usually have training in electronic engineering (or electrical


engineering), software design, and hardware-software integration instead of only
software engineering or electronic engineering.

• Computer engineers are involved in many hardware and software aspects of


computing, from the design of individual microprocessors, personal computers,
and supercomputers, to circuit design.

• This field of engineering not only focuses on how computer systems themselves work,
but also how they integrate into the larger picture. 14
Sub-disciplines of computing
Computer Science (CS):
• Scientific and practical approach to computation and its applications.

• Specializes in the theory of computation and the design of


computational systems.

• focus on the programming language theory, computer


programming and complex systems, human-computer interaction etc.

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Software Engineering vs. Computer Science

COMPUTER
CUSTOMER
SCIENCE

Computer Problem
Theories
Functions

SOFTWARE
ENGINEERING

Tools and
Techniques to
Solve Problem
Sub-disciplines of computing
Information System (IS):
• "Information systems" is the study of complementary networks of hardware
and software that people and organizations use to collect, filter, process,
create, and distribute data.

• The study bridges business and computer science using the theoretical
foundations of information and computation to study various business models
and related algorithmic processes within a computer science discipline.

• Computer Information System(s) (CIS) is a field studying computers and


algorithmic processes, including their principles, their software and hardware
designs, their applications, and their impact on society while IS emphasizes
functionality over design such as MIS, AIS, DSS etc.
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Sub-disciplines of computing
Information Technology (IT):
• Information technology (IT) is the application of computers and
telecommunications equipment to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate
data, often in the context of a business or other enterprise.

• The term is commonly used as a alternative word for computers and


computer networks, but it also involves other information distribution
technologies such as television and telephones.

• Several industries are associated with information technology, such as


computer hardware, software, electronics, semiconductors, internet and
telecom equipment, e-commerce and computer services.
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