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Akhilesh LINAC

The document discusses linear accelerators (LINACs) which use electricity to generate high energy beams of X-rays or electrons that are commonly used to treat cancer. A LINAC works by subjecting charged particles to a series of oscillating electric potentials along a linear beamline to accelerate them to high speeds for applications like radiation therapy.

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14 views

Akhilesh LINAC

The document discusses linear accelerators (LINACs) which use electricity to generate high energy beams of X-rays or electrons that are commonly used to treat cancer. A LINAC works by subjecting charged particles to a series of oscillating electric potentials along a linear beamline to accelerate them to high speeds for applications like radiation therapy.

Uploaded by

dr.nsnrt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linear Accelerator (LINAC)

Akhilesh Kumar
M.Sc (HRP)
Radiation Medicine Centre
Topics:

 Introduction
 Basics principles of operation
 Construction &Operation
 Application
 Limitation.
Charge particle accelerators
• Charge particle accelerators are used to increase the energy
of the charged particle through electrostatic interaction.
• When an electron or a proton travels across a potential
difference of one volt, it gains an energy of one electron
volt.
• The primary requirement for providing energy to a charged
particle is a source of high voltage.
• Essentially all accelerators use electric fields, steady,
alternating or induced, to accelerate the particles.
• In most of the cases, magnetic fields are used to contain and
focus the beam
Linear Accelerator (LINAC)

A linear particle accelerator is a type of particle


accelerator that accelerates charged subatomic particles
or ions to a high speed by subjecting them to a series of
oscillating electric potentials along a Linear beamline.

Linac uses electricity to generate high energy Beam of


X-ray or electrons. These beams have variety of uses,
one of their most common use is treating cancer.
Basic principles of operation:
• Each time a particle crosses the gap, it should find an accelerating field so that it will gain energy.
• For this condition to satisfy, separation between successive acceleration gaps should be equal to the
distance travelled by the particle during one half cycle.
• This length L is given by
L = v/2f
where v = particle velocity
f = frequency of the electric field
• As the particle gains energy, v increases and therefore L must continuously increase.
• Every single cylinder are separated by distance d then velocity of charge particle does not depend on
separation d and only depends on the potential difference V, q and m.

• Inside the cylinder potential is constant, potential difference only exist in the separation regions
between these alternate cylinders. But inside the region in the cylinder the potential difference is zero
because it is at a constant potential whether it is positive or negative. In the region of constant
potential, there is no electric field. So particle does not get accelerated. It travels at that fix velocity
through out that particular cylinder.
• Generation of high voltage for accelerating charged particles was a
serious challenge and voltages beyond a few MV were very difficult to
obtain.
• A different approach to the problem is the repeated acceleration of the
ions through relatively small potential difference.
• The acceleration occurs in a metallic drift tube made up of several
sections of increasing length
• Alternate sections of this drift tube are connected to the RF source
• Ion source releases the charged particles into the drift tube

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