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Pravin Mude

The document discusses different types of boilers including their definitions, purposes, requirements and various accessories. It describes classifications of boilers based on orientation, circulation method, firing method, pressure, mobility and number of tubes.

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Mayur Pote
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13 views

Pravin Mude

The document discusses different types of boilers including their definitions, purposes, requirements and various accessories. It describes classifications of boilers based on orientation, circulation method, firing method, pressure, mobility and number of tubes.

Uploaded by

Mayur Pote
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

MATA MAHAKALI POLYTECHNIC, WARORA

NAME : PRAVIN T. MUDE


CLASS : 2nd year (ee)
SEMISTER : IV
SUBJECT : PPT – 2 PROJECT ( boilers)
Definition
A closed vessel in which steam is produced from
water by combustion of fuel
Purpose of boilers
 For generating power in steam engines or
steam turbines

 In textile industries for sizing and bleaching

 For heating the buildings in cold weather and


for producing hot water for hot water supply
Primary requirements of a boiler

 The water must be contained safely

 Thesteam must be safely delivered in desired


condition (as regard its pressure, temperature,
quality and required rate)
Boiler accessories
 Feed pumps: Used to deliver feed water to the
boiler. It is desirable that the quantity of water
supplied should be at least equal to that
evaporated and supplied to the engine

 Two types of which are commonly used as


feed pumps are (1) reciprocating pump (2)
rotary pump
Injector
 Function of injector is to feed water into the
boiler
 It is commonly employed for vertical and
locomotive boilers and does not find its
application in large capacity high pressure
boilers
 Also used where the space is not available for
the installation of feed pump
Economizer
 Isa device in which the waste heat of the flue
gases is utilized for heating the feed water

 Economizers are of two types


Independent type
Integral type
Air Pre-heater
 The function of the air pre-heater is to increase the
temperature of air before it enters the furnace.
 It is placed after the economizer.
 Flue gases pass through the economizer and then to
the air preheater
 Degree of preheating depends on
 Type of fuel

 Type of fuel burning equipment, and

 Rating at which the boiler and furnace are

operated
Super heater
 The function of a super heater is to increase
the temperature of the steam above its
saturation point

 The super heater is very important accessory


of a boiler and can be used both on fire tube
and water – tube boilers.
 Advantages of super heated steam

 Steam consumption of the engine or turbine is


reduced

 Erosion of turbine blade is eliminated

 Efficiency of the steam plant is increased

 Losses due to condensation in the cylinders and


the steam pipes are reduced.
Steam separator
 The function of a steam separator is to remove
the entrained water particles from the steam
conveyed to the steam engine or turbine.

 Itis installed as close to the steam engine as


possible on the main steam pipe from the
boiler
Classification of boilers
 Horizontal, vertical or inclined
 Fire tube and water tube
 Externally fired and internally fired
 Forced circulation and natural circulation
 High pressure and low pressure
 Stationary and portable
 Single tube and multi tube
Horizontal, vertical or inclined
 If the axis of the boiler is horizontal, vertical
or inclined then it is called horizontal, vertical
or inclined boiler respectively
Fire tube and water tube
 If hot gases are inside the tube and water is
outside the tube, it is called fire-tube boiler.
 Examples: Cochran, Lancashire and
locomotive boilers
 If water is inside the tube and hot gases are
outside the tube, it is called fire-tube boiler.

 Examples: Babcock and Wilcox, Stirling,


Yarrow boiler etc
Externally fired and internally fired
 The boiler is known as externally fired if the
fire is outside the shell.
 Examples: Babcock and Wilcox, Stirling

 The boiler is known as internally fired if the


furnace is located inside the boiler shell.

 Examples: Cochran, Lancashire


Forced circulation and natural
circulation
 In forced circulation type of boilers, the
circulation of water is done by a forced pump
 Examples: Velox, Lamont, Benson boiler
 In natural circulation type of boilers, circulation
of water in the boiler takes place due to natural
convection currents produced by the application
of heat
 Examples: Lancashire, Babcock and Wilcox
High pressure and low pressure
 The boilers which produce steam at pressures
of 80 bar and above are called high pressure
boilers
 Examples: Babcock and Wilcox, Velox,
Lamont, Benson boilers
 The boilers which produce steam at pressure
below 80 bar are called low pressure boilers
 Examples: Cochran, Cornish, Lancashire
and locomotive boilers
Stationary and portable
 Stationary boilers are used for power plant-
steam, for central station utility power plants,
for plant process steam etc

 Mobile or portable boilers include locomotive


type, and other small unit for temporary use at
sites
Single tube and multi tube
 Thefire tube boilers are classified as single
tube or multi-tube boilers, depending upon
whether the fire tube is one or more than one

 Examples of single tube boilers are Cornish


and simple vertical boiler

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