SAMPLING

&
SAMPLING
DISTRIBUTION
 OVERVIEW

This chapter focuses on sampling

distribution where the main idea that we
need to make precise and quantify is that the
results of sampling vary from sample to
sample. This means that we are making
statements about a population based on the
results of a sample. Hence, we can only find
out information about a population based on
a sample if the sample is properly selected.
 SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION

Samples are drawn from population, and

statistics are computed to describe the samples.
Since statistics vary from sample to sample,
these can be considered as random variables.
The frequency distributions of these random
variables are called sampling distributions.
POPULATION VS SAMPLE
 BASIC
WITHOUT
CONCEPTS
REPLACEMENT OF
SAMPLING
WITH REPLACEMENT
DISTRIBUTIO
N OF THE
MEAN
 Example 1:
Draw all possible samples of size 2 without Sample Samples
replacement from a population consisting No. (x)
of 3, 6, 9, 12, 15. Construct the sampling 1 3, 6
distribution of the means.
2 3, 9
3 3, 12
Step 1: Identify and enumerate how many 4 3, 15
possible samples are there. 5 6, 9
N = 5 (population size)
n = 2 (sample size) 6 6, 12
7 6, 15
8 9,12
= 10 (no. of possible samples) 9 9,15
10 12,15
 Example 1:
Draw all possible samples of size 2 without Sample Samples Mean of the
replacement from a population consisting No. (x) Sample
of 3, 6, 9, 12, 15. Construct the sampling ()
distribution of the means. 1 3, 6 4.5
2 3, 9 6
Step 2: Identify the mean of each possible 3 3, 12 7.5
sample 4 3, 15 9
5 6, 9 7.5
6 6, 12 9
7 6, 15 10.5
8 9,12 10.5
9 9,15 12
10 12,15 13.5
 Example 1:
Draw all possible samples of size 2 without Mean of the Probability
replacement from a population consisting Sample P()
()
of 3, 6, 9, 12, 15. Construct the sampling
distribution of the means. 4.5
6
Step 3: List all the possible sample means 7.5
and compute their corresponding 9
probabilities. 10.5
12
13.5
Total 1
 Example 1:
Draw all possible samples of size 2 without Mean of the Probability
replacement from a population consisting Sample P()
()
of 3, 6, 9, 12, 15. Construct the sampling
distribution of the means. 4.5
6
Step 4: Compute for its mean and 7.5
variance. 9
10.5
12
13.5
Total 1
 Example 2:
Sample Samples Draw all possible samples of size 2 with
No. (x)
replacement from a population consisting
1 3, 3 of 3, 6, 9. Construct the sampling
2 3, 6 distribution of the means.
3 3, 9
4 6, 3 Step 1: Identify and enumerate how many
5 6, 6 possible samples are there.
6 6, 9 N = 3 (population size)
n = 2 (sample size)
7 9, 3
8 9,6 (no. of possible samples)
9 9,9
 Example 2:
Sample Samples Mean of the Draw all possible samples of size 2 with
No. (x) Sample
replacement from a population consisting
()
of 3, 6, 9. Construct the sampling
1 3, 3 3 distribution of the means.
2 3, 6 4.5
3 3, 9 6
4.5 Step 2: Identify the mean of each possible
4 6, 3 sample
6
5 6, 6
7.5
6 6, 9
6
7 9, 3
7.5
8 9,6
9
9 9,9
 Example 2:
Mean of the Probability Draw all possible samples of size 2 with
Sample P()
replacement from a population consisting
()
of 3, 6, 9. Construct the sampling
3 distribution of the means.
4.5
6 Step 3: List all the possible sample means
and compute their corresponding
7.5 probabilities.
9
Total 1
 Example 2:
Mean of the Probability Draw all possible samples of size 2 with
Sample P()
replacement from a population consisting
()
of 3, 6, 9. Construct the sampling
3 distribution of the means.
4.5
6 Step 4: Compute for its mean and
7.5 variance.

9
Total 1
 CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM (CLT)

The term “central limit theorem’ states that the

sampling distribution of the mean of any independent random
variable be likely to be normal in distribution as the sample
size becomes larger. And that the statistic value converges to
the parameter value.
CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM (CLT)
Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean when the Variance Examples
is Known
1. A school has 10,000 6th graders with the mean weight of 80
pounds, and a standard deviation of 20 pounds. For instance, 50
students were randomly selected, compute the probability that the
average weight of the students will be less than 75.
Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean when the Variance
is Unknown
2. The duration of a certain disease from the onset of symptoms
until death ranges from 3 – 20 years; the average is 8 years and a
standard deviation of 4 years. The administrator of a large
medical center randomly selects the medical records of 30
deceased patients from the medical center’s database and records
the average duration. Find the probabilities that;
a. The average duration is less than 7 years.